Low carbohydrate diet-based intervention for obstructive sleep apnea and primary hypothyroidism in an obese Japanese man

Background: Alternate day fasting combined with a low carbohydrate diet (ADF-LC) is an effective weight loss regimen. Whether the weight loss induced by ADF-LC can improve sleep, remains unknown. Objective: This study examined the effect an ADF-LC diet on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity (n = 31) participated in ADF (600 kcal “fast day”; ad libitum intake “feast day”) with a low-carbohydrate diet (30% carbohydrates, 35% protein, and 35% fat). The 6-month trial consisted of a 3-month weight loss period followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. Results: Reductions in body weight (−5 ± 1 kg, p < 0.001) and fat mass (−4 ± 1 kg, p < 0.01) were noted during the weight loss period, and these reductions were sustained during the weight maintenance period. Lean mass and visceral fat remained unchanged. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score indicated poor sleep quality at baseline (6.4 ± 0.7) with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. ISI score indicated subthreshold insomnia at baseline (8.5 ± 1.0), with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. The percent of subjects with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea at baseline was 45%, with no change by month 3 or 6. Wake time, bedtime, and sleep duration remained unchanged. Conclusion: The ADF-LC diet does not impact sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

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Alternate Day Fasting Combined With a Low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Sleep Quality, Duration, Insomnia Severity and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults With Obesity

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab055_030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1220-1220

Author(s):

Faiza Kalam

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Insomnia Severity

Abstract Objectives Alternate day fasting combined with a low carbohydrate diet (ADF-LC) is an effective weight loss regimen. Whether the weight loss induced by ADF-LC can improve sleep remains unknown. This study examined an ADF-LC diet's effect on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity, and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods Adults with obesity (n = 31) participated in ADF (600 kcal “fast day”; ad libitum intake “feast day”) with a low-carbohydrate diet (30% carbohydrates, 35% protein, and 35% fat). The 6-month trial consisted of a 3-month weight-loss period followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. Results Reductions in body weight (−5 ± 1 kg, P < 0.001) and fat mass (−4 ± 1 kg, P < 0.01) were noted during the weight-loss period, and these reductions were sustained during the weight maintenance period. Lean mass and visceral fat remained unchanged. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score indicated poor sleep quality at baseline (6.4 ± 0.7) with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. ISI score indicated subthreshold insomnia at baseline (8.5 ± 1.0), with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. The % of subjects with a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea was 45% at baseline, with no change by month 3 or 6. Wake time, bedtime, and sleep duration remained unchanged. Conclusions The ADF-LC diet does not impact sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity, or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity. Funding Sources Nestle Health Sciences.

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A Case of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Associated with Primary Hypothyroidism and Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases ◽

10.4046/trd.2001.51.6.590 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 590

Author(s):

Sung Keun Yu ◽

Ji Young Park ◽

Jong Hae Pack ◽

Hye Jung Park ◽

Kyeong Cheol Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Primary Hypothyroidism ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Apnea Syndrome

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Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_pers-sig5-2019-0005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 878-892

Author(s):

Joseph A. Napoli ◽

Linda D. Vallino

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

A Priori ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Before And After ◽

Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

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