Reply by Author to Discussion by Kristjansson and Wright

Geophysics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-427
Author(s):  
Tsvi Meidav
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
General Solution ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data

Kristjansson and Wright are right in their comment that equations (16) or (17) are correct “only if either point A or B is held fixed and this fixed point is used to define the origin for the problem.” Hence, the suggested approach cannot be used as the general solution for the determination of the dip from seismic reflection data.

Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media

Geophysics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Bishop ◽  
K. P. Bube ◽  
R. T. Cutler ◽  
R. T. Langan ◽  
P. L. Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Tomographic Method ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
The Difference

Estimation of reflector depth and seismic velocity from seismic reflection data can be formulated as a general inverse problem. The method used to solve this problem is similar to tomographic techniques in medical diagnosis and we refer to it as seismic reflection tomography. Seismic tomography is formulated as an iterative Gauss‐Newton algorithm that produces a velocity‐depth model which minimizes the difference between traveltimes generated by tracing rays through the model and traveltimes measured from the data. The input to the process consists of traveltimes measured from selected events on unstacked seismic data and a first‐guess velocity‐depth model. Usually this first‐guess model has velocities which are laterally constant and is usually based on nearby well information and/or an analysis of the stacked section. The final model generated by the tomographic method yields traveltimes from ray tracing which differ from the measured values in recorded data by approximately 5 ms root‐mean‐square. The indeterminancy of the inversion and the associated nonuniqueness of the output model are both analyzed theoretically and tested numerically. It is found that certain aspects of the velocity field are poorly determined or undetermined. This technique is applied to an example using real data where the presence of permafrost causes a near‐surface lateral change in velocity. The permafrost is successfully imaged in the model output from tomography. In addition, depth estimates at the intersection of two lines differ by a significantly smaller amount than the corresponding estimates derived from conventional processing.

Retrieving both the impedance contrast and background velocity: A global strategy for the seismic reflection problem

Geophysics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 991-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Snieder ◽  
M. Y. Xie ◽  
A. Pica ◽  
A. Tarantola
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Gradient Methods ◽  
Synthetic Seismograms ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Reference Velocity ◽  
Impedance Contrast

Recorded seismic reflection waveforms contain information as to the small‐scale variations of impedance and the large‐scale variations of velocity. This information can be retrieved by minimizing the misfit between the recorded waveforms and synthetic seismograms as a function of the model parameters. Because of the different physical characters of the velocity and the impedance, we update these parameters in an alternating fashion, which amounts to a relaxation approach to the minimization of the waveform misfit. As far as the impedance is concerned, this minimization can be performed efficiently using gradient algorithms. For the inversion for seismic velocities, gradient methods do not work nearly as well; therefore, we use different minimization methods for determining impedances and velocities. However, the determination of the impedance and the determination of the velocity are strongly coupled; relaxation is most effective when this coupling is as weak as possible. Weak coupling can be achieved partially by parameterizing the impedances not as a function of depth but as a function of traveltime. A nonlinear, nonlocal method is presented for determining the smooth reference velocity from seismic reflection data. This technique is applied both to synthetic seismograms and to real marine data. In both cases, the velocity information implicitly contained in the curvature of the reflection hyperbolas was fully retrieved using nonlinear waveform optimization. In this way, it is possible to reconstruct both the impedance contrast and the smooth reference velocity from band‐limited seismic reflection data using a single waveform‐fit criterion.

The style of transverse faulting in the Dead Sea basin from seismic reflection data: The Amazyahu fault

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avihu Ginzburg ◽  
Moshe Reshef ◽  
Zvi Ben-Avraham ◽  
Uri Schattner
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Dead Sea Basin ◽  
The Dead

Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected offshore east-central Florida during USGS cruise 00FGS01, July 14-22, 2000

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds496 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice A. Subino ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
Karynna Calderon ◽  
Daniel C. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Reflection Data

Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activity 04SGI01 in the Withlacoochee River of West-Central Florida, March 2004

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds119 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karynna Calderon ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Dann K. Yobbi ◽  
W. Scott McBride ◽  
James G. Flocks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
West Central ◽  
Field Activity

Archive of digital CHIRP seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruise 06SCC01 offshore of Isles Dernieres, Louisiana, June 2006

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds259 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnell S. Harrison ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Nick F. Ferina ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
James G. Flocks
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data

Archive of digital boomer and CHIRP seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruise 06FSH03 offshore of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, September 2006

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds308 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnell S. Harrison ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Christopher D. Reich ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
Jason W. Greenwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Reflection Data
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