Writer's Cramp: a Controlled Trial of Habit Reversal Treatment

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Wieck ◽  
Richard Harrington ◽  
Isaac Marks ◽  
Colin Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Habit Reversal ◽  
Reversal Training ◽  
Writer’S Cramp ◽  
Writer's Cramp ◽  
Habit Reversal Training

In uncontrolled studies, several behavioural methods, including habit reversal, were said to be useful in writer's cramp. In this controlled study, 23 subjects with writer's cramp recruited from a neurology clinic were randomly allocated to five sessions over four weeks of either habit reversal training or a control treatment of relaxation training. Three subjects dropped out. Twenty patients (9 habit reversers, 11 controls) completed the trial up to three months follow-up. Outcome measures included observation of writing within the session, assessment of writing tasks completed at home, and blind ratings by an independent assessor. The results showed that habit reversal was no better than relaxation. Taking both treatments together, patients improved to three months follow-up on seven of nine measures, but remained substantially handicapped.

scholarly journals Botulinum toxin for writer's cramp: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial and 1-year follow-up

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J M Kruisdijk ◽  
J H T M Koelman ◽  
B W Ongerboer de Visser ◽  
R J de Haan ◽  
J D Speelman
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Writer’S Cramp ◽  
Writer's Cramp

A Preliminary Investigation of Metacognitive Therapy and Habit Reversal as a Treatment for Trichotillomania

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Shareh
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Habit Reversal ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Habit Reversal Therapy ◽  
Habit Reversal Training ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Not all patients suffering from trichotillomania (TTM) recover completely using CBT and of those that do, only a few maintain their recovery over time. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive methods combined with habit reversal (MCT/HRT) in trichotillomania with a relatively long-term follow-up. Method: A case series (n = 8) and a randomized wait-list controlled trial (n = 34) design were conducted in this study. In the case series, three of the eight patients dropped out of the study. Therefore, TTM-related symptoms were evaluated in five patients suffering from TTM before and after brief metacognitive plus habit reversal therapy during 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. The treatment consisted of detached mindfulness (DM) techniques, ritual postponement and habit reversal training (HRT) in eight sessions. Results: All patients were responders at post-treatment in case series. After the 12-month follow-up, the results were associated with higher pre-treatment levels of self-esteem and global functioning and lower pre-treatment levels of depression and anxiety with nearly complete abstinence from hair pulling immediately after treatment. A randomized wait-list controlled trial with experimental (n = 17) and waiting list group (n = 17) was then conducted to confirm the case series results. There were significant differences between the two groups regarding changes in MGH-HPS, Y-BOCS-TM, RSES, GAF, BDI, BAI and self-monitoring. Therefore, the MCT/HRT treatment was found to be more effective than the waiting list group. Conclusions: A combined treatment including metacognitive and habit reversal techniques is remarkably effective in patients with TTM.

scholarly journals Transconjunctival versus Transcutaneous Injection of Botulinum Toxin into the Lacrimal Gland to Reduce Lacrimal Production: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Lee ◽  
Shin-Hyo Lee ◽  
Minsu Jang ◽  
Sang Jae Lee ◽  
Hyun Jin Shin
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Delivery Routes ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effects between injecting botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) transconjunctivally into the palpebral lobe and transcutaneously into the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland in patients with epiphora due to lacrimal outflow obstruction. This randomized controlled study included 53 eyes of 31 patients with unilateral or bilateral epiphora. Patients were randomly allocated to receive an injection of BTX-A (3 units) either transconjunctivally (n = 15, 25 eyes) or transcutaneously (n = 16, 28 eyes). For objective assessments, the tear meniscus height and Schirmer’s I test with topical anesthesia were measured at baseline and after 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks of follow-up. Subjective evaluations were performed using the Munk score. After BTX-A injection, patients in both groups experienced significant objective and subjective reductions in tearing at all follow-up times compared to pre-injection (success rate 86.8%), and the effect lasted for a mean duration of 5.63 months. The two delivery routes showed similar clinical effectiveness for a single injected dose of BTX-A. In conclusion, injecting BTX-A via either a transconjunctival or transcutaneous route helps to reduce normal tear production and results in significant improvements in the symptoms in patients with epiphora.

Guided Mourning for Morbid Grief: A Controlled Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mawson ◽  
I. M. Marks ◽  
L. Ramm ◽  
R. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Waiting List ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Do So

SummaryDuring 2 weeks on a waiting list 12 patients with morbid grief did not improve significantly. They were then randomly allocated either to guided mourning treatment, in which they were encouraged to face cues concerning their bereavement or to control treatment in which they were asked to avoid such cues. Each treatment comprised six 1½ hour sessions over 2 weeks. At week 4 guided mourning patients had improved significantly more than had controls on 3 measures, with a supportive trend on 4 measures. Improvement though modest was maintained to 10–28 weeks follow-up. Control patients did not improve significantly or show any trend to do so.

scholarly journals Cognitive–behavioural therapy and motivational intervention for schizophrenia and substance misuse

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Haddock ◽  
Christine Barrowclough ◽  
Nicholas Tarrier ◽  
Jan Moring ◽  
Robert O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Use ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Motivational Intervention ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

BackgroundComorbid substance misuse in people with schizophrenia is associated with poor clinical and social outcomes. There are few studies of psychological treatments for this population and little long-term follow-up of their benefits.AimsTo investigate symptom, substance use, functioning and health economy outcomes for patients with schizophrenia and their carers 18 months after a cognitive–behavioural treatment (CBT) programme.MethodPatients with dual diagnosis from a randomised controlled trial of motivational intervention, individual CBT and family intervention were assessed on multiple outcomes at 18-month follow-up. Carers were assessed on symptom, functioning and needs over 12 months. Health economy data were collected over 18 months.ResultsThere were significant improvements in patient functioning compared with routine care over 18 months. No significant differences between treatment groups were found in carer or cost outcomes.ConclusionsThe treatment programme was superior to routine care on outcomes relating to illness and service use, and the cost was comparable to the control treatment.

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