Raynaud's Syndrome and Upper Extremity Small Artery Occlusive Disease

Background: In order to analyze the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in diseases such as scleroderma and Sjögren’s syndrom – a meta-analysis of published data was performed. Methods: The PubMed data base of the National Library of Medicine was used for studies dealing with Raynaud’s syndrome and scleroderma or Raynaud’s syndroem and Sjögren’s syndrom respectively. The studies found provided data sufficient to estimate the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome. The statistical analysis was based on methods for a fixed effects meta-analysis and finite mixture model for proportions. Results: For scleroderma a pooled prevalence of 80.9% and 95% CI (0.78, 0.83) was obtained. A mixture model analysis found four latent classes. We identified a class with a very low prevalence of 11%, weighted with 0.15. On the other hand there is a class with a very high prevalence of 96%. Analysing the association with Sjögren’s syndrome, the pooled analysis leads to a prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome of 32%, 95% CI(26.7%, 37.7%). A mixture model finds a solution with two latent classes. Here, 38% of the studies show a prevalence of 18.8% whereas 62% observe a prevalence of 38.3%. Conclusion: There is strong variability of studies reporting the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in patients suffering from scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. The available data are insufficient to perform a proper quantitative analysis of the association of Raynaud’s phenomenon with scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. Properly planned and reported epidemiological studies are needed in order to perform a thorough quantitative analysis of risk factors for Raynaud’s syndrome.

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Detection of serum interleukin 10 levels in patients with dermato-polymyositis, scleroderma and primary Raynaud's syndrome

Immunology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0165-2478(97)88093-5 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 56 (1-3) ◽

pp. 311

Author(s):

K Dankó

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 10 ◽

Raynaud’S Syndrome ◽

Raynaud's Syndrome

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Microcirculation of the fingers in Raynaud’s syndrome

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1623922 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (01) ◽

pp. 29-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I. Garai ◽

J. Varga ◽

G. Szücs ◽

Z. Galajda ◽

C. András ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Semiquantitative Analysis ◽

Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽

Visual Evaluation ◽

Raynaud’S Syndrome ◽

Raynaud's Syndrome ◽

Primary Form

Summary Aim: We investigated the circulatory characteristics of patients suffering of primary and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome. Patients, methods: We examined 106 patients presenting with the classical symptoms of Raynaud’s syndrom (47 primary, 59 secondary) by hand perfusion scintigraphy developed by our Department of Nuclear Medicine. After visual evaluation we analyzed the images semiquantitatively, using the finger to palm ratio. We statistically compared the patients with primary and those with secondary Raynaud’s syndrome. Results: By visual evaluation we constated regional perfusion disturbances in 42 from 59 patients with secondary Raynaud’s syndrome. However, this was observed in only 3 from 47 patients with the primary form of this disease. This difference was statistically significant (p <0.001). Semiquantitative analysis showed that the finger/palm ratios (FPR) were significantly lower (p <0.05) for the patients with primary Raynaud’s syndrome. No differences in the FPR values concerning sex or right and left side. Conclusion: The hand perfusion scintigraphy with 99mTc-DTPA is a noninvasive, cost effective diagnostic tool, which objectively reflects the global and regional microcirculatory abnormalities of the hands, and provides quantitative data for follow-up.

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