Trapping Ceratitis capitata in McPhail traps baited with amino acids and ammonium salts

Glutamate dehydrogenase (L-glutamate: NAD dehydrogenase, EC 1.4. 1.2; GDH) activity and electrophoretic separation pattern of the enzyme were studied. The enzyme was extracted from embryos of Lupinus albus decotyledonized and cultured for 24, 48 and 72 hours in media containing various combinations of saccharose, ammonium chloride, nitrate as well as amino acids: glutamate, aspartate, glutamine and asparagine. The absence of sugar in the medium resulted in an increase of specific activity of GDH, measured by the rate of NADH + H+ oxidation, and induced formation of new isoenzymes of NAD+ - dependent GDH. Most significant increase in GDH specific activity and most evident appearance of new isoenzymes in the embryos were noted when sugar was substituted in the medium by any of the mentioned amino acids. Induction of new isoenzymes could also be seen when ammonium salts were pre-sent in the medium. GHD isoenzymatic patterns were obtained in various trophic conditions. It is suggested that the GDH isoenzyme patterns may serve as a nitrogen metabolism index of a tissue from which the enzyme has been extracted.

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Polystyrene-AnchoredCinchona Ammonium Salts: Easily Recoverable Phase-Transfer Catalysts for the Asymmetric Synthesis ofα-Amino Acids

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis ◽

10.1002/adsc.200404093 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 346 (910) ◽

pp. 1186-1194 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Rafael Chinchilla ◽

Patricia Mazón ◽

Carmen Nájera

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Asymmetric Synthesis ◽

Phase Transfer ◽

Ammonium Salts ◽

Phase Transfer Catalysts

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Blood Ammonia Elevation and Toxicity From Intravenous L-Amino Acid Administration to Dogs: the Protective Role of L-Arginine

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1958.192.2.311 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 192 (2) ◽

pp. 311-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

John L. Fahey ◽

Robert S. Perry ◽

Patricia F. McCoy

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Mixture ◽

Protective Role ◽

Ammonium Salts ◽

Acid Mixture ◽

Blood Ammonia ◽

Urea Production ◽

Acid Administration

A nontoxic intravenous l-amino acid mixture became markedly toxic when l-arginine and l-histidine were deleted from the mixture and was capable of producing convulsions and death in dogs. Associated with these infusions was a marked increase in blood ammonia levels that coincided with the signs of toxicity. Similar toxicity was produced by infusion of ammonium salts. Administration of l-arginine·HCl prior to or with the infused amino acid mixture prevented the toxicity and the blood ammonia rise. Subsequent injection of l-arginine·HCl produced a prompt fall in blood ammonia to normal levels. l-Ornithine·HCl or l-citrulline·HCl were similarly effective. d-Arginine·HCl and l-histidine·HCl were ineffectual. Urea production was more rapid when l-arginine was added to the infused amino acid mixture. The results suggest that the Krebs-Henseleit cycle is a functioning metabolic pathway that normally is a major deterrent to the accumulation of excessive blood ammonia when large amounts of amino acids are infused.

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