Kinetics of Uptake of Cell-Penetrating Peptides

2002 ◽  
pp. 297-314
2012 ◽  
Vol 1818 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Mäger ◽  
Kent Langel ◽  
Taavi Lehto ◽  
Emelía Eiríksdóttir ◽  
Ülo Langel

2001 ◽  
Vol 1515 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Hällbrink ◽  
Anders Florén ◽  
Anna Elmquist ◽  
Margus Pooga ◽  
Tamas Bartfai ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (47) ◽  
pp. 11923-11928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Allolio ◽  
Aniket Magarkar ◽  
Piotr Jurkiewicz ◽  
Katarína Baxová ◽  
Matti Javanainen ◽  
...  

Arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides do not enter cells by directly passing through a lipid membrane; they instead passively enter vesicles and live cells by inducing membrane multilamellarity and fusion. The molecular picture of this penetration mode, which differs qualitatively from the previously proposed direct mechanism, is provided by molecular dynamics simulations. The kinetics of vesicle agglomeration and fusion by an iconic cell-penetrating peptide—nonaarginine—are documented via real-time fluorescence techniques, while the induction of multilamellar phases in vesicles and live cells is demonstrated by a combination of electron and fluorescence microscopies. This concert of experiments and simulations reveals that the identified passive cell penetration mechanism bears analogy to vesicle fusion induced by calcium ions, indicating that the two processes may share a common mechanistic origin.


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