The bursa of Fabricius of the chicken embryo: localization and ontogenic evolution of sex-steroid target cells

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Gasc ◽  
Walter E. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Immune Organ ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Autoradiographic Technique

Androgenic hormones induce inhibition or regression of the bursa of Fabricius in the chick embryo. The high doses of hormones necessary to this involution raises the question of the processes involved and their putative role in the normal development of the bursa. If androgens play a role it is mediated by receptor sites in target cells. Using an autoradiographic technique, receptor sites for androgenic hormones were localized in mesenchymal cells of the bursa from the primordium (7-day embryo) up to the fully differentiated immune organ (15-day embryo). No target cells containing receptor sites in their nuclei were observed in the endodermic epithelium or the follicles. Oestrogen target cells in very small number are found in the mesenchyme of the bursa, in 15-day embryos. The early presence of receptor sites for steroid hormones in the bursa of Fabricius shows that the normal development may be influenced by androgens, but the actual effects are yet to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Autoradiographic Studies of Steroid Receptor Sites in Embryonic Tissues,

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1A_suppl) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Gasc
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Autoradiographic Technique

An autoradiographic technique adapted to diffusible compounds was used to localize steroid receptor sites in various tissues of the chicken embryo. In this article are presented results obtained on the gonads, the reproductive tract, the bursa of Fabricius, and the anterior pituitary after injection of either 3H-estradiol or 3H-dihydrotes-tosterone into 5 1/2- to 15-day-old chicken embryos. Target cells for steroid hormones, either estrogen or androgen, or both, are present in these organs early in the development. The precocity of the receptors suggests that sex steroids may influence embryonic differentiation earlier than currently recognized. The presence of the receptors in a variety of organs or tissues, known or unsuspected target for steroids, emphasizes the very diversified roles of sex steroid hormones in the differentiation processes. Conditions for these receptors to be active are discussed with respect to particularities of the embryonic system.

Sexual differentiation of the urogenital tract in the chicken embryo: autoradiographic localization of sex-steroid target cells during development

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Gasc ◽  
Walter E. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Steroid Dependent ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Topographical Distribution ◽  
Nuclear Labelling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Autoradiographic Technique

The determinant role ascribed to steroid hormones in sexual differentiation of the reproductive tract of the embryo implies the presence of target cells for sex steroids. An autoradiographic technique adapted for diffusible compounds was employed to characterize and localize cells which concentrate either [3H]oestradiol (E2) or [3H]dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in their nuclei. This paper describes the topographical distribution of cells containing receptor sites for oestrogen or androgen in various tissues of the reproductive tract of chicken embryos from day 6 to 15 of incubation. Receptor sites for oestradiol are present in the mesenchyme of the cloaca and in urodeum and vascular body. In the lower part of the Wolffian duct, only epithelial cells display nuclear labelling. In the Müllerian duct, nuclear receptor sites for [3H]oestradiol are observed not before day 15. Receptor sites for DHT are localized in the mesenchyme of the cloacal region from day 7 to 15. The Wolffian, but not the Müllerian duct contains receptor sites for DHT in the nuclei of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Cross-competition experiments between [3H]E2 or [3H]DHT and unlabelled DHT or E2 respectively, show that 2 different types of receptor sites exist. The observations indicate: (a) complementary roles for oestrogenic and androgenic hormones in embryonic sexual differentiation; (b) precocity of receptors for sex hormones during embryonic development; (c) importance of mesenchyme in differentiation processes which are sex-steroid dependent.

IMMUNOCHARACTERISTICS OF OESTROGEN AND ANDROGEN TARGET CELLS IN THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND OF THE CHICK EMBRYO AS DEMONSTRATED BY A COMBINED METHOD OF AUTORADIOGRAPHY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. GASC ◽  
M. SAR ◽  
W. E. STUMPF
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Positive Immunoreactivity ◽  
Autoradiographic Technique

The distribution of oestrogen and androgen target cells in the anterior pituitary gland of the chick embryo on days 10, 12 and 15 of incubation was studied 1 h after the injection of tritium-labelled steroid hormone using the thaw–mount autoradiographic technique. Oestradiol target cells were localized in the caudal zone that corresponds to the so-called 'caudal lobe', while androgen target cells were found throughout the rostral and caudal lobes of the anterior pituitary gland. With a combined autoradiography and immunohistochemistry technique, most of the oestrogen target cells showed immunoreactivity to turkey LH antiserum but not to adrenocorticotrophin (1–24) and β-thyrotrophin antisera. In contrast, androgen target cells did not show positive immunoreactivity to the three antisera used. The results suggested a direct and early involvement of oestrogens but not of androgens in the feedback regulation of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion in the chick embryo.

Activation of Hageman Factor by α-Adrenergic Stimulation

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G McKay ◽  
J.-G Latour ◽  
Mary H. Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Hageman Factor ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryThe infusion of epinephrine in high doses produces disseminated intravascular coagulation by activation of Hageman factor. The effect is blocked by phenoxybenz-amine and is therefore due to stimulation of α-adrenergic receptor sites.

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