Top-down Attention Control and Bottom-up Attention Capture During Threat of Shock

ABSTRACTAttention control can be achieved in two ways, stimulus-driven bottom-up attention and goal-driven top-down attention. Different visual search tasks involve different attention control. The pop-out task requires more bottom-up attention, whereas the search task involves more top-down attention. P300 which is the positive potential generated by the brain in the latency of 300-600 ms after the stimulus, reflects the processing of cognitive process and is an important component in visual attention. The P300 source is not consistent in the previous researches, our aim therefore, is to study the source location of P300 component based on visual search attention process. Here we use pop-out and search paradigm to get the ERP data of 13 subjects and the fMRI data of 25 subjects, and analyze the source location of P300 using the ERP-fMRI integration technology with high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution. The target differs from the distractor in color and orientation in the pop-out task, whereas the target and the distractor have different orientation and the same color in the search task. ERP results indicate that pop-out induces larger P300 concentrated in the parietal lobe, whereas search induced P300 is more distributed in the frontal lobe. Further ERP and fMRI integration analyses reveal that the left angular gyrus, right postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe and the left superior frontal gyrus (medial orbital) are the source of P300. Our study suggests the contribution of the frontal and parietal lobes to the P300 component.

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Integrating top-down and bottom-up attention control factors: an EEG study

Journal of Vision ◽

10.1167/jov.21.9.2565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 2565

Author(s):

Einat Rashal ◽

Mehdi Senoussi ◽

Elisa Santandrea ◽

Suliann Ben-Hamed ◽

Emiliano Macaluso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Control ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Control Factors

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Simulation Study on the Spatiotemporal Difference of Complex Neurodynamics between P3a and P3b

Complexity ◽

10.1155/2020/2796809 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Xin Wei ◽

Xiaoli Ni ◽

Junye Liu ◽

Haiyang Lang ◽

Rui Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parietal Lobe ◽

Neural Mechanism ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Attention Capture ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Single Top ◽

P300 Potentials

The integration of event-related potential (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) helps to obtain and study neural networks with high temporal and spatial resolution. EEG/fMRI data proves that in the visual tristimulus oddball paradigm, two P300 potentials (P3a and P3b) induced by target stimulation and novel stimulation are detected at the frontal-middle (Fz), center (Cz), and mid-apical (Pz) electrodes. Previous studies have shown that P3a and P3b have different spatial distributions of brain activation, but it is unclear whether they have the same neural mechanism. The purpose of this study is to determine the neuropsychological mechanisms of P3a and P3b, as well as the spatiotemporal differences in neurodynamics between the two ERP subcomponents. In a group of 25 subjects, P300 ERP induced by target stimulation and novel stimulation can be detected at the Fz, Cz, and Pz electrodes. At Cz and Fz, compared with P3b related to the target stimulus, the P3a related to the novel stimulus has a higher amplitude and the waveform declines more slowly. But at Pz, P3b has a higher amplitude than P3a. P3a appeared earlier than P3b at Cz and Fz, but the opposite phenomenon was observed at the Pz electrode. The activated brain regions of P3a included the left frontal-parietal lobe region, left anterior wedge lobe region, and right insula, while the target-driven P3b was significantly associated with BOLD changes in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, the left frontal region, and the bilateral insula. The results showed that the integration of the spatial and temporal information of the two imaging modes, namely, ERP and fMRI, proves the existence of the different brain function processes of the two P300 subcomponents. Through the analysis of the composition of P300, the results further proved that the top-down and bottom-up processing processes have played a role in the occurrence of attention capture. It is just that the modulation effects of the two processing mechanisms are different in different tasks. Therefore, it should be noted that the captured neural mechanism is not a single top-down or bottom-up processing process but should be the result of the interaction between the two.

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