scholarly journals Acceptability and feasibility of genital self-sampling for the diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis: a cross-sectional study in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Comfort Rutty Phiri ◽  
Amy S. Sturt ◽  
Emily L. Webb ◽  
Namakau Chola ◽  
Richard Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cervicovaginal Lavage ◽  
Female Genital

Background: Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected and disabling gynaecological disorder that is difficult to diagnose and is part of the wider spectrum of urogenital disease caused by the waterborne parasite Schistosoma haematobium. Over 90% of human schistosomiasis cases are found in sub-Saharan Africa with 3.8 million people infected with schistosomes in Zambia. Reported FGS prevalence ranges from 33-75% of those with urinary schistosomiasis in endemic areas, suggesting a potentially high FGS burden in Zambia alone. The Bilharzia and HIV (BILHIV) study evaluated home self-sampling genital collection methods for the diagnosis of FGS. Methods: Eligible participants included non-pregnant, sexually active women aged 18-31 who were previously recruited for the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Livingstone, Zambia. Household demographic and symptom questionnaires were administered by community workers. Participants were offered vaginal and cervical self-swabs and a urine cup. Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) was performed in clinic by midwives. Information was collected from participants on the acceptability and feasibility of genital self-sampling. Results: From January-August 2018, 603 women were enrolled, and 87.3% (527/603) completed clinic follow up. A high proportion of participants indicated that self-collection of specimens was “easy” or “very easy” on a 5-point Likert scale. A high proportion of women would be willing to self-collect all three specimens again in future: vaginal swab 96.7% (583/603), cervical swab 96.5% (582/603), and urine 96.2% (580/603). Home-based self-sampling was preferred over provider-based sampling in the clinic due to greater privacy 58.5% (353/603), convenience 46.3% (279/603) and need for transportation 15.9% (96/603). Conclusions: Home based genital self-sampling for FGS diagnosis is highly acceptable. This scalable method may inform future efforts for community-based diagnosis of FGS.

scholarly journals Acceptability and feasibility of genital self-sampling for the diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis: a cross-sectional study in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Comfort Rutty Phiri ◽  
Amy S. Sturt ◽  
Emily L. Webb ◽  
Namakau Chola ◽  
Richard Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cervicovaginal Lavage ◽  
Female Genital

Background: Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected and disabling gynaecological disorder that is difficult to diagnose and is part of the wider spectrum of urogenital disease caused by the waterborne parasite  Schistosoma haematobium. Over 90% of human schistosomiasis cases are found in sub-Saharan Africa with 3.8 million people infected with schistosomes in Zambia. Reported FGS prevalence ranges from 33-75% of those with urinary schistosomiasis in endemic areas, suggesting a potentially high FGS burden in Zambia alone. The Bilharzia and HIV (BILHIV) study evaluated home self-sampling genital collection methods for the diagnosis of FGS. Methods: Eligible participants included non-pregnant, sexually active women aged 18-31 who were previously recruited for the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Livingstone, Zambia. Household demographic and symptom questionnaires were administered by community workers. Participants were offered vaginal and cervical self-swabs and a urine cup. Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) was performed in clinic by midwives. Information was collected from participants on the acceptability and feasibility of genital self-sampling. Results: From January-August 2018, 603 women were enrolled, and 87.3% (527/603) completed clinic follow up. A high proportion of participants indicated that self-collection of specimens was “easy” or “very easy” on a 5-point Likert scale. A high proportion of women would be willing to self-collect all three specimens again in future: vaginal swab 96.7% (583/603), cervical swab 96.5% (582/603), and urine 96.2% (580/603). Overall, 90.0% (543/603) preferred to self-collect samples at home, compared with sampling in the clinic Home-based self-sampling was preferred over provider-based sampling in the clinic due to greater privacy 65.0% (353/543), convenience 51.4% (279/543) and lack of needed transportation 17.7% (96/543). Conclusions: Home based genital self-sampling for FGS diagnosis is highly acceptable. This scalable method may inform future efforts for community-based diagnosis of FGS

scholarly journals Review of Risk Factors Associated with Transmission of Urinary Schistosomiasis amongst Vulnerable Groups: School Pupils and Almajiris and Effect of Treatment with Praziquantel in Maiduguri Metropolis, North-Eastern Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
H.J. Balla ◽  
S. Pius ◽  
U.M. Askira
Keyword(s):  
Weather Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sub Saharan

Human schistosomiasis is the most prevalent tropical disease in the world after malaria. Most of the countries in Sub Saharan Africa including Nigeria have not achieved the Millennium Development Goals for accessing safe drinking water and halting or reversing major disease incidences. School aged children and young Almajiri were selected for the cross-sectional study. Awareness lectures were given at every study site before collection of samples. Urine filtration technique was used for the diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis. Infected subjects were given 60mg Praziquantel and followed up after 28 days and the effect was assessed by calculating the cure rate. A total of 308 subjects were enrolled comprising of 200 school children and 108 Almajiri respectively with a mean age of 13 years old. Female-to-male ratio is 9.6. Out of the 308 participants, 149 had urinary schistosomiasis (48.4%) with 5 among the females (17.2%) and 144 among the males (51.6%) respectively (p>0.005). A significant 26.3% of the respondents had haematuria and 77.8% were infected. Only one respondent admitted having knowledge of the disease. A total 136 of those infected received the treatment of 60mg Praziquantel and 43 (31.6%) showed eggs in their urine 28 days after taking PZQ. Highest (84.6%) cure rate was observed among the youngest age group of 5-9 years and lowest (60.3%) was observed among the oldest age group 15-19 years (p=0.005). An overall prevalence of 48.4% among these vulnerable group of the society calls for a great concern because these group of the population serve as means of maintaining the infection cycle. Dearth of knowledge about schistosomiasis, extreme weather condition, lack of potable water supply and poverty remains the reason behind the continued endemicity of schistosomiasis in the study area.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract BackgroundA relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.ResultsWe included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05).ConclusionProteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5–10 years in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children. Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [< 2500 g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999 g] and high BW (HBW) [> 4000 g] children, aged 5–10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation. Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3–8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p = 0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19, 2.2 and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p = 0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3, 24.2 and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p = 0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p > 0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth Weight and Renal Markers in Children Aged 5 – 10 Years in Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between the birth weight (BW) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children. Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using Schwartz equation. Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) others children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW respectively (p=0.051). Equivalents figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decrease GFR (p=0.818). There was a trends towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

scholarly journals Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Folefack Kaze ◽  
Seraphin Nguefack ◽  
Constantine Menkoh Asong ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Renal Markers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children. Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.

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