K-1925 Changes in NOx Emission Index during Development Process of Jet Flame after Injection

2001 ◽  
Vol II.01.1 (0) ◽  
pp. 483-484
Author(s):  
Tomomi KANEKO ◽  
Takemi CHIKAHISA ◽  
Yukio HISHINUMA
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Jet Flame ◽  
Emission Index

Effect of strain rate on NOx emission in opposed impinging jet flame combustor

2002 ◽  
pp. 527-539
Author(s):  
S. Lim ◽  
Y. Yoon ◽  
C. Lee ◽  
I.-S. Jeung
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Impinging Jet ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Jet Flame

Application of Noncircular Primary-Air Inlet Geometries in the Inshot Burners of Residential Gas Furnaces

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kolluri ◽  
A. Kamal ◽  
S. R. Gollahalli
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Emission Index

Experiments with an inshot burner used in residential natural gas furnaces are presented. The concentrations of NOx, NO, and CO in the combustion products of partially aerated natural gas flames were measured in a laboratory combustion chamber. When the conventional circular venturi inlet of the inshot burner was replaced by elliptic venturi inlets, an increase of up to 30 percent in the primary-air entrainment and a decrease of up to 20 percent in the NOx emission index were observed. Temperature field measurements in the flames were in conformity with the emission index measurements.

Effects of Jet Reynolds Number on the Performance of Axisymmetric and Nonaxisymmetric Gas Burner Flames

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azfar Kamal ◽  
S. R. Gollahalli
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Jet Flame ◽  
Burner Exit ◽  
Equivalent Area ◽  
Emission Index

Abstract An investigation of the effects of burner exit Reynolds number (9,400–19,000) on the relative effects of burner geometry (circular and elliptic with an aspect ratio 2–4) in a propane jet flame is presented. Circular and elliptic burners of the equivalent area of a circular burner of diameter 5.02 mm were studied. Air entrainment into the nonreacting jets, emission indices of NO, NO2, and CO, visible flame length, flame temperature profiles, radiative fraction of heat release, and soot concentration were measured. Results show that an increase in Re decreases the benefits of higher air entrainment into the flame due to elliptic burner geometry. Similarly, the effects of changes in NO and CO emission indices level off at higher burner Re. The measurements of visible flame length, radiative fraction flame heat release, temperature profiles, and soot concentrations corroborate and offer the explanations for the observed emission index results.

628 Numerical Analysis on the Relationship between a Jet Flame Length and NO Emission Index

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001.41 (0) ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Tomomi KANEKO ◽  
Takemi CHIKAHISA ◽  
Yukio HISHINUMA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
No Emission ◽  
Jet Flame ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Emission Index

The Effect of Distance Between Fuel and Oxidizer Nozzles on NOx Emission From High Temperature Air Combustion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzuru Nada ◽  
Yasutomo Zenman ◽  
Takahiro Ito ◽  
Susumu Noda
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
High Temperature Air Combustion ◽  
Flamelet Model ◽  
Scaling Parameters ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Emission Index

This study describes NOx emission characteristics of a high temperature air combustion furnace operating with parallel jet burner system. In the parallel jet burner system, fuel nozzles are separated with a distance from an oxidizer nozzle. Objectives of this study are to clarify the effect of the distance between the fuel nozzle and the oxidizer nozzle on NOx emission. The emission index of NOx (EINOx) decreases with the increase in the distance. This is due to the dilution through entrainment of burned gas. A scaling concept is proposed to assess the dilution effect on the NOx emission. Scaling parameters employed here are the global residence time of fuel and the flame temperature evaluated on a modified flamelet model in which the dilution effect is included. The overall EINOx production rate is scaled with the flame temperature. This scaling indicates the importance of the distance between the nozzles for NOx emission.

Effects of Equivalence Ratio on the Emission and Temperature Characteristics of Spray Flames of Jet A/Butanol Blends Under Lean Conditions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjir H. Ratul ◽  
Ramkumar N. Parthasarathy ◽  
Subramanyam R. Gollahalli
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Temperature Characteristics ◽  
Global Emission ◽  
Spray Flames ◽  
Index Level ◽  
Petroleum Fuels ◽  
Emission Index

Butanol is an attractive alternate fuel because it can be produced from renewable sources and has properties similar to those of petroleum fuels. Thus, blending butanol with petroleum fuels is a promising solution to reduce the dependence on petroleum fuels. In a previous study, we investigated the differences in the structure and emissions of Jet A and Butanol flames. The objective of this investigation was to study the emission and in-flame temperature characteristics of spray flames of Jet A/butanol blends at two equivalence ratios: 0.75 and 0.95. In addition to pure Jet A and pure butanol, blends of Jet A with 25%, 50% and 75% volumetric concentrations of butanol were used as fuel. The liquid fuel was atomized and combusted with air in a heated environment (479 K). The equivalence ratio was changed by altering the fuel flow rate, while maintaining the atomizing and coflow air flow rates constant, thus maintaining gas velocity field invariant. The global emission index of CO varied non-monotonically with the volume concentration of butanol in the blend at the lower equivalence ratio whereas the variation was gradual at the higher equivalence ratio. The global NOx emission index decreased monotonically as the butnaol content was increased at both equivalence ratios. The global NOx emission index level in the flames at equivalence ratio of 0.95 was higher than that at equivalence ratio of 0.75. At 25% flame height, the peak reaction zone was located off-axis; this radial location moved further away from the centerline as the equivalence ratio was increased. The peak temperatures were comparable in all the flames. The flames with butanol highlighted the effects of preferential vaporization of butanol.

Effects of Jet Reynolds Number on the Performance of Axisymmetric and Nonaxisymmetric Gas Burner Flames

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azfar Kamal ◽  
S. R. Gollahalli
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Jet Flame ◽  
Burner Exit ◽  
Equivalent Area ◽  
Emission Index

An investigation of the effects of burner exit Reynolds number on the relative effects of burner geometry (circular and elliptic with an aspect ratio 2:4) in a propane jet flame is presented. Circular and elliptic burners of the equivalent area of a circular burner of diameter 5.2 mm were studied. Air entrainment into the nonreacting jets, emission indices of NO, NO2, and CO, visible flame length, flame temperature profiles, radiative fraction of heat release, and soot concentration were measured. Results show that an increase in Re decreases the benefits of higher air entrainment into the flame due to elliptic burner geometry. Similarly, the effects of changes in NO and CO emission indices level off at higher burner Re. The measurements of visible flame length, radiative fraction of heat release, temperature profiles, and soot concentrations corroborate the observed emission index results.

Effect of liftoff on NOx emission of turbulent jet flame in high-temperature coflowing air

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Fujimori ◽  
Dirk Riechelmann ◽  
Junichi Sato
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Turbulent Jet ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Jet Flame
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