scholarly journals Mass-rearing of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae Linné and the common armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on a simple artificial diet

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto HATTORI ◽  
Shinji ATSUSAWA
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Mamestra Brassicae ◽  
Mythimna Separata ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Common Armyworm

Visual control of host pursuit in the parasitoid fly Exorista japonica

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Yamawaki ◽  
Yooichi Kainoh ◽  
Hiroshi Honda
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
Mythimna Separata ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Forward Translation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Armyworm

SUMMARY The tachinid fly Exorista japonica is a parasitoid of many kinds of lepidopterous larvae. After encountering a suitable host, the fly pursues the crawling larva on foot using visual cues to guide it. To investigate the visual control of host pursuit, we observed and videotaped pursuits of a host, the common armyworm Mythimna separata, for frame-by-frame analysis. Observation was performed in sunlight and under illumination from a fluorescent lamp. The fly pursued hosts discontinuously with a repeated stop-and-run motion. During a run, its movements consisted of rotation, forward translation and sideways translation. Rotation during a run was positively correlated with the angular position of the host’s head. The direction of translation depended on the angular position of the host’s head. Forward translation was negatively correlated with the visual angle subtended by the host. These results suggest that the fly orients and walks towards the leading edge of a moving target. There was little difference in the results between sunlight and illumination from a fluorescent lamp.

scholarly journals A Semi-Synthetic Diet and the Potential Important Chemicals for Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Jia ◽  
Shao-Lei Sun ◽  
Wenqing Kuang ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Zhan-Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mythimna Separata ◽  
Insect Performance ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Oriental Armyworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Armyworm feeding in large, destructive groups is hugely difficult to control and the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walk), is one such pest. In this study, we reported a semisynthetic artificial diet for the oriental armyworm. This diet is based on Ritter’s diet, a formula developed for Heliothis zea. The survival of M. separata was extremely low and only around 2% insects can reach the adult stage on Ritter’s diet. But, it can reach up to 100% if corn leaf powder (CLP) was mixed, and insects grew faster and gained more mass. After testing a set of mixtures of Ritter’s diet and CLP, we found that 14.3% was the optimal proportion of CLP for making the artificial diet. We then used chloroform to extract CLP. Insect performance was still much better on Ch-extracted CLP diets than that on Ritter’s diet, but it was poorer than that on the diets containing unprocessed CLP, suggesting that the essential factor(s) was only partially extracted from corn leaf. We then used methanol and dichloromethane, two solvents differing in their polarity, to process the extractions and analyzed the extracted chemicals using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Insects had a better performance on dichloromethane-extracted CLP diet in comparison to methanol-extracted one, indicating that the important factor(s) is more prone to methanol extraction. The reported recipe here is useful for the research on M. separata and possibly other grain-crop eating armyworms. The functions of the chemicals extracted from corn leaf tissue can be investigated in the future studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document