Grammatical theory: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches by
                    Stefan Müller

The paper aims to compare musical language with verbal language, creating a new perspective on music and natural language. The three categories of linguistics, phonology, syntax and semantics are analyzed. Bernstein highlights the analogies between the linguistic categories and music, researching the same three components of linguistics in music. The possibility of applying the transformational grammar procedures to the musical text is studied. In the second part of the paper, the authors investigate the method of analysis based on harmony and counterpoint, differentiating several structural levels conceived by the theoretical musician H. Schenker. Schenkerian analyzes are a relatively recent appearance in the field of musical analysis, which proposes as an innovation in the field of musical analysis the structural vision of musical discourse.

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3 MIXED MODELS I: THE TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMAR IN ASPECTS

Formal Grammars in Linguistics and Psycholinguistics, Volume 2, Applications in Linguistic Theory ◽

10.1515/9783110889369.42 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mixed Models ◽

Transformational Grammar

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The Morphophonemics of Weak Triliteral Stems in Standard Arabic: A Generative Phonology Perspective

Al-Abhath ◽

10.1163/18115586-00680106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 182-219

Author(s):

Zaki N. Abdel-Malek

Keyword(s):

Primary Data ◽

Transformational Grammar ◽

Standard Arabic ◽

Small Set ◽

The Subject ◽

Considerable Detail

The “weak” triliteral stems of Standard Arabic have been studied in considerable detail by Arab as well as Western grammarians. In most cases, however, the treatment has been largely limited to listing and classifying the primary data, which satisfies observational adequacy but fails to meet the essential requirements of descriptive adequacy, simplicity and generality. In a few cases rules have been proposed, but these rules fall short of expectations: on the whole, they strike the user as complex, arbitrary and unmotivated. Drawing on the theory of Generative-Transformational Grammar, I have formulated a small set of rules which seek to satisfy all of the three essential requirements, and thus render the subject more palatable to scholars as well as learners of Standard Arabic.

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