Khao Sam Kaeo: An Early Port-City between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea ed. by Berenice Bellina

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
John Miksic
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Port City ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Khao Sam Kaeo

TSUNAMI HAZARD AND CASUALTY ESTIMATION IN A COASTAL AREA THAT NEIGHBORS THE INDIAN OCEAN AND SOUTH CHINA SEA

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250010 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANAWAT SUPPASRI ◽  
FUMIHIKO IMAMURA ◽  
SHUNICHI KOSHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Coastal Population ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Hazard Level

In the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, many hundreds of thousands of lives have been lost due to tsunami events, and almost half of the lives lost occurred following the 2004 Indian Ocean event. Potential tsunami case scenarios have been simulated in these regions by a number of researchers to calculate the hazard level. The hazard level is based on a variety of conditions, such as the tsunami height, the inundation area, and the arrival time. However, the current assessments of the hazard levels do not focus on the tsunami risk to a coastal population. This study proposes a new method to quantify the risk to the coastal population in the region that includes the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. The method is simple and combines the use of readily available tsunami data, far-field tsunami simulation models to determine the regional risk and global population data. An earthquake-generated tsunami was simulated, following an earthquake that had a magnitude larger than 8.5 Mw and occurred along a potential subduction zone. The 2004 Indian Ocean event seemed to be a "worst case scenario"; however, it has been estimated that a potential tsunami, occurring in a coastal region with a high population density, could cause significantly greater casualties.

Signals of the South China Sea summer rainfall variability in the Indian Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 3181-3195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqi He ◽  
Renguang Wu ◽  
Weiqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean

scholarly journals Impact of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon on the Indian Ocean Dipole

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 6557-6573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhou Zhang ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Jiaqing Xue ◽  
Juan Feng ◽  
Qiuyun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
South China ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Sst Anomalies

This paper investigates the impact of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) on the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). The results show that the SCSSM has a significant positive relationship with the IOD over the boreal summer [June–August (JJA)] and fall [September–November (SON)]. When the SCSSM is strong, the enhanced southwesterly winds that bring more water vapor to the western North Pacific (WNP) lead to surplus precipitation in the WNP, inducing anomalous ascending there. Consequently, the anomalous descending branch of the SCSSM Hadley circulation (SCSSMHC) develops over the Maritime Continent (MC), favoring deficit precipitation in situ. The precipitation dipole over the WNP and MC as well as the enhanced SCSSMHC leads to intensification of the southeasterly anomalies off Sumatra and Java, which then contributes to the negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies through the positive wind–evaporation–SST and wind–thermocline–SST (Bjerknes) feedbacks. Consequently, a positive IOD develops because of the increased zonal gradient of the tropical Indian Ocean SST anomalies and vice versa. The SCSSM has a peak correlation with the IOD when the former leads the latter by three months. This implies that a positive IOD can persist from JJA to SON and reach its mature phase within the frame of the positive Bjerknes feedback in SON. In addition, the local and remote SST anomalies in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans have a slight influence on the relationship between the SCSSM and precipitation dipole over the WNP and MC.

The relative roles of the South China Sea summer monsoon and ENSO in the Indian Ocean dipole development

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 6665-6680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhou Zhang ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Jiaqing Xue ◽  
Fei Zheng ◽  
Renguang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
South China ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean

scholarly journals Possible routes of the chinese new silk road - can the V4 countries benefit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
Zalán Márk Maró ◽  
Attila Jámbor ◽  
Áron Török
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Silk Road

The Ancient Silk Road was created 2100 years ago during the Han Dynasty (I-II century BC) to promote trade between China and Europe. The road was more than 7,000 km long and served as a catalyst for development for many centuries. After the 15th century, the Silk Road – and, at the same time, China's dominant role – lost its significance due to geographical discoveries. The dramatic fall in technology and the cost of transportation has led to the Silk Road being forgotten today. The New Silk Road Initiative (also named ‘One Belt, One Road’ concept) has been China's greatest economic effort ever, with the main objective of stimulating economic development in Asia, Europe and Africa. It consists of two parts: the Belt will rely on major cities along the route that will carry some kind of central economic and commercial functions; while the Road is based on large ports, which together will result in a safe and efficient logistics route.The concept would affect 64% of the world's population (4.4 billion people) and would cover 30% of the world's GDP ($ 21 trillion). In recent years, China's economic growth has slowed down, and Chinese goods have become more and more expensive to rely on their main competitive advantage, the low price. This trend points to the need to examine the possibilities of making the transport of goods more efficient. Asia-Europe rail trade accounts for between 3% and 3.5% of total trade between the continents. It follows that 95-96% of the trade between the two continents is carried out at sea. The exact routes of the New Silk Road Initiative have not yet been fully defined but will consist of several land and sea transport routes. We made a systematic literature review to identify the possible paths of the New Silk Road. The initial search obtained 1.739 entries across all databases, which ended up in 49 relevant publications, but in this study we used only 17 publications due to the specificity of the topicAccording to the majority of the literature, the New Silk Road would consist of three general land routes. The first land route from China to Central Asia and Russia would reach Europe through the Baltic Sea. The second route would run through Central-, West Asia, the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean and Central Europe. This route would affect the V4 countries, especially Hungary. The third route would run through Southeast and South Asia to the Indian Ocean. The Maritime Silk Road would start from the coasts of China through the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean to Africa and Europe; as well as from the Chinese coastal ports through the South China Sea to the Pacific Ocean.

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