Controlling Grain Boundary Energy to Make Austenitic Stainless Steels Resistant to Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Wasnik ◽  
V. Kain ◽  
I. Samajdar ◽  
B. Verlinden ◽  
P. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking

Linking Grain Boundary Structure and Composition to Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels

2004 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Bruemmer
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking

AbstractGrain boundary structure and composition is assessed in austenitic stainless steels along with its influence on intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in high-temperature water. Brief examples are presented illustrating effects of grain boundary character and segregation on behavior in specific light-water-reactor environments. Although grain boundary engineering can produce an increased fraction of “special” boundaries in austenitic stainless alloys, practical benefits depend on the boundary orientation distribution. It is critical to recognize that only ∑3s appear to be more resistant to SCC and the behavior of other low ∑ boundaries is uncertain. Grain boundary composition can have a dominant effect on IGSCC under certain conditions, but altered interfacial chemistry is not required for cracking. In high-potential oxidizing environments, IGSCC susceptibility is a direct function of the boundary Cr concentration. Non- equilibrium thermal segregation of Cr and Mo is often present in mill-annealed stainless steels and may influence cracking susceptibility. This initial grain boundary composition alters subsequent radiation-induced segregation and delays irradiation-assisted SCC susceptibility to higher doses. Other alloying elements and impurities in 300-series stainless steels have been seen to enrich grain boundaries, but few have any significant impact on IGSCC susceptibility. One exception is Si that strongly segregates during irradiation. Recent results suggest that Si may accelerate crack propagation in both low- and high-potential water environments. Critical research is still needed to isolate individual grain boundary characteristics and quantitatively link them to IGSCC.

Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys in Nuclear Reactor Water Environments

CORROSION ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. CLARKE ◽  
G. M. GORDON
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Type 304

Abstract Nonstabilized 300 series stainless steels stressed over yield are susceptible to intergranular stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when exposed in the heavily sensitized condition to 288 C (550 F), high purity water containing dissolved oxygen. The effects of stress, oxygen levels, and significant metallurgical parameters on intergranular SCC of AISI Type 304 are being evaluated. Several promising intergranular SCC resistant alternate alloys have been identified through preliminary investigations, e.g., austeno-ferritic duplex and stabilized austenitic stainless steels.

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