Infrared Spectra-Structure Correlations for Monohalogenated Monocarboxylic Acids

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Katon ◽  
Thomas P. Carll ◽  
F. F. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Structure Correlations ◽  
Consistent Group ◽  
Halogenated Acids ◽  
The One

The ir spectra of 16 monohalogenated monocarboxylic acids have been recorded over the range 4000–200 cm−1. Attempts have been made to find useful spectra structure correlations which would serve to distinguish these acids from their unsubstituted analogs. It is concluded that differentiation of halogenated acids, either from unsubstituted acids or from each other, is not possible on the basis of consistent group frequencies, which forces one to resort to reference spectra for identification of these compounds. The one exception is provided by the alpha chloro-substituted compounds, which can, tentatively, be differentiated from both unsubstituted acids and other halogen-substituted acids. In contrast to previous reports, alpha halogen-substituted acids cannot be differentiated from the others unless the halogen is chlorine.

Infrared Spectra-Structure Correlations for Substituted Cyclobutane Compounds

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roscoe O. Carter ◽  
J. E. Katon ◽  
F. F. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Structure Correlations ◽  
Cyclobutane Derivatives ◽  
Cyclobutane Ring ◽  
Spectral Assignment

The ir spectra of 14 substituted cyclobutanes have been recorded over the range 4000 to 200 cm−1. Attempts have been made to find useful spectra-structure correlations which would serve for identification of the cyclobutane ring system. Six fairly narrow regions of absorption have been identified in which nearly all of the compounds absorb, but the correlation bands vary in intensity rather widely. Comparison of the data with that for simple cyclobutane derivatives which have undergone detailed spectral assignment shows that the correlation bands do not always arise from the same vibration. The consistencies of the absorptions nevertheless indicate some potential for their use in detecting, or confirming, the presence of the cyclobutane ring system.

Infrared Spectra-Structure Correlations of Conjugated Unsaturated Aliphatic Monocarboxylic Acids in the 750–250 cm−1 Region

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Feairheller ◽  
J. E. Katon
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Structure Correlations

The infrared spectra of a number of conjugated unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in the 750–250 cm−1 region are reported. Two correlation frequency ranges are reported and one of these is useful for distinguishing these compounds from other acids. In addition, the band intensities in this region may be useful for characterizing conjugated acids.

The infrared spectra of some aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in the 700-350 cm−1 region

1964 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.F. Bentley ◽  
M.T. Ryan ◽  
J.E. Katon
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids

Situational relevance: Context as a factor in serial overshadowing of taste aversion learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy WS Kwok ◽  
Robert A Boakes
Keyword(s):  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Conditioning Session ◽  
Latent Inhibition Effect ◽  
Taste Aversion Learning ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
The Us ◽  
Consistent Group ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
The One ◽  
Serial Overshadowing

In a serial overshadowing procedure, a target stimulus, A, is followed after an interval by a potentially interfering stimulus, B, and this is then followed by an unconditioned stimulus (US). An untested proposal from over four decades ago was that the degree to which B overshadows conditioning of A depends on whether or not the two events take place in the same context. To test this, two experiments used a 1-trial long-delay conditioned taste aversion (CTA) procedure: sucrose served as the target taste (A) and dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the overshadowing taste (B), with lithium chloride injection providing the US. In Experiment 1, these tastes were novel: weaker overshadowing by HCl of an aversion to sucrose was found when the two tastes were presented in different contexts. Experiment 2 tested whether the effect of pre-exposure to HCl, thereby rendering it less effective in overshadowing a sucrose aversion, was also context dependent. In the conditioning session, rats again received either context-same or context-different presentations of sucrose and HCl. However, for some rats, HCl was pre-exposed in the same context to which it was later presented during conditioning (Consistent), while others were pre-exposed to HCl in a different context to the one in which it was presented during conditioning (Inconsistent). The Inconsistent group produced greater overshadowing than the Consistent group and thus confirmed that the latent inhibition effect was also context dependent. This study confirms the concept of situational relevance.

Far-Infrared Spectra of Saturated Esters

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Saunders ◽  
J. J. Lucier ◽  
F. F. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Frequency Characteristic ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Characteristic Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Far Infrared Spectra

The ir spectra of 89 saturated aliphatic-branched and straight-chain esters are reported for the region 350–50 cm−1 and empirical correlations of the band frequencies are classified by the alcohol component. It is found that there is no consistent series of bands for all samples studied but within the individual classes, several discrete areas of absorption are specified. This verified that these vibrations are more sensitive to structural differences than the higher-frequency characteristic group frequencies and are more specific in the total identification of a given, sample.

Low-Frequency Infrared Spectra of Aliphatic Monocarboxylic Acids

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Saunders ◽  
F. F. Bentley ◽  
J. E. Katon
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Dimer Structure ◽  
Raman Intensities ◽  
Infrared And Raman Intensities

The infrared spectra of a number of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in the 350–50 cm−1 range are reported and several consistencies in band frequencies noted. An attempt to assign the low frequency vibrational modes of some of the simpler acids has been made based on infrared and Raman intensities. It is concluded that these molecules consist of relatively strongly coupled dimer molecules in the pure liquid and that the spectra reflect this dimer structure.

Hydroxyl-stretching bands ‘A’ and ‘Z’ in Raman and infrared spectra of kaolinites

Clay Minerals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shoval ◽  
S. Yariv ◽  
K. H. Michaelian ◽  
M. Boudeulle ◽  
G. Panczer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Longitudinal Optic ◽  
Transverse Optic

AbstractThe high frequency OH-stretching band in micro-Raman spectra of kaolinites consistently exhibits two partly overlapping components with varying relative intensities. These bands, labelled A and Z, are located at ~3700–3690 and 3690–3680 cm-1, respectively. Band Z displays greater intensity in Raman spectra of highly crystallized kaolinites which have large coherent domains. Both components are also observed in the curve fitted infrared (IR) spectra of kaolinites; band Z is stronger in IR spectra of highly crystallized samples. Data for kaolinites with different particle size support the idea that bands A and Z are the longitudinal optic and transverse optic modes of the high frequency OH-stretching band.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document