scholarly journals A Cysteine Protease Inhibitor of Plasmodium berghei Is Essential for Exo-erythrocytic Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e1004336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Lehmann ◽  
Anna Heitmann ◽  
Satish Mishra ◽  
Paul-Christian Burda ◽  
Mirko Singer ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 831-841
Author(s):  
Elvina Veronica ◽  
Irene Amelia ◽  
Kezia Angelina Yunatan ◽  
Ni Kadek Sinta Dwi Chrismayanti ◽  
Agung Nova Mahendra

Penatalaksanaan malaria seperti kloroquine dan Artemisin Combination Therapy dapat memberikan efek samping dan sudah mengalami resistensi sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengobatan lain. Metode penulisan ini menggunakan kajian pustaka dari sejumlah literatur valid dan relevan. Artemisinin pada tanaman Artemisia annua menghambat PfATPase6 sehingga membuat homeostasis Ca plasmodium terganggu dan menghambat pertumbuhan plasmodium. Enzim cysteine protease, inhibitor ALLN, Plasmepsin-2 serta Plasmepsin-1 berfungsi menghancurkan plasmodium pada fase trophozoite dan schizont dengan mendegradasi protein plasmodium. Flavonoid pada daun kelor (Moringa oliefera) meningkatkan produksi Hb dan mengoptimalkan kinerja artemisin. Kaempferol dan antioksidan lainnya pada daun kelor menghambat pertumbuhan plasmodium lewat jalur permeasi baru dengan menghambat pembentukan membrane saat fase intraeritrositik dan menghambat proses degradasi hemoglobin sehingga plasmodium tidak dapat berkembang. Kandungan daun kelor juga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizi per hari dan mengatasi malnutrisi. Kombinasi artemisia dan daun kelor berpotensi sebagai alternatif obat malaria akibat infeksi plasmodium falciparum karena kombinasi kedua zat tersebut terbukti lebih efektif menghambat plasmodium berghei pada hewan uji coba, meningkatkan sistem imun, serta memenuhi kebutuhan gizi dibandingkan penggunaan artemisin maupun daun kelor secara tunggal. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut terkait hal tersebut.


Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Hương Giang Lê ◽  
A-Jeong Ham ◽  
Jung-Mi Kang ◽  
Tuấn Cường Võ ◽  
Haung Naw ◽  
...  

Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that is ubiquitous in diverse natural environments. It causes a fatal brain infection in humans known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Despite the medical importance of the parasitic disease, there is a great lack of knowledge about the biology and pathogenicity of N. fowleri. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel cysteine protease inhibitor of N. fowleri (NfCPI). NfCPI is a typical cysteine protease inhibitor belonging to the cystatin family with a Gln-Val-Val-Ala-Gly (QVVAG) motif, a characteristic motif conserved in the cystatin family of proteins. Bacterially expressed recombinant NfCPI has a dimeric structure and exhibits inhibitory activity against several cysteine proteases including cathespin Bs of N. fowleri at a broad range of pH values. Expression profiles of nfcpi revealed that the gene was highly expressed during encystation and cyst of the amoeba. Western blot and immunofluorescence assays also support its high level of expression in cysts. These findings collectively suggest that NfCPI may play a critical role in encystation or cyst formation of N. fowleri by regulating cysteine proteases that may mediate encystation or mature cyst formation of the amoeba. More comprehensive studies to investigate the roles of NfCPI in encystation and its target proteases are necessary to elucidate the regulatory mechanism and the biological significance of NfCPI.


2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zagariya ◽  
R. Bhat ◽  
E. Zhabotynsky ◽  
G. Chari ◽  
S. Navale ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Stańczykiewicz ◽  
Marta Jakubik-Witkowska ◽  
Antoni Polanowski ◽  
Tadeusz Trziszka ◽  
Joanna Rymaszewska

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1058
Author(s):  
Manal Salah El-Din Mahmoud ◽  
Ayman Nabil Ibrahim ◽  
Abeer Fathy Badawy ◽  
Nourhan Mohamed Abdelmoniem

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