scholarly journals Changes in retinal structures as markers of multiple sclerosis progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
M. O. Poplyak ◽  
A. G. Trufanov ◽  
A. V. Temniy ◽  
D. S. Maltsev ◽  
O. B. Chakchir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Cell Complex ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Foveal Region ◽  
Ganglionic Cell

The involvement of the visual pathway in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology determines the importance of studying the structures of the retina for earlier diagnosis and monitoring the severity of the neurodegeneration. The introduction of the reference method of optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows high resolution in vivo visualization of the retinal structures.Objective: to identify changes in various retinal structures in remitting (RMS) and secondary-progressive (SPMS) MS phenotypes.Patients and methods. The study included 80 patients with RMS (n=48) and SPMS (n=32); the control group included 20 age- and sex-adjusted healthy individuals. Clinical assessment was carried out using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). All patients were examined by an ophthalmologist. To assess changes in the retina, OCT was performed using the RTVue XR Avanti apparatus (Optovue, USA).Results and discussion. We found a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the thickness of the retina of the foveal and parafoveal regions, the thickness of the ganglionic cell complex when comparing the parameters of the retina of the control group and patients with RMS. There was also a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the retinal thickness in the perifoveal region, the thickness of the layer of retinal nerve fibers, the magnitude of focal and global losses. During comparation of the retinal OCT data between patients with RMS and SPMS, we revealed significant differences (p<0.001) in the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer, the retinal thickness in the parafoveal and foveal regions, and a significant (p<0.01) decrease in the thickness of the peripheral region, the thickness of the ganglionic cell complex, the volume of focal and global losses. Assessment of the correlations of OCT parameters with the EDSS and MSSS scales in both phenotypes showed a single significant (p<0.05) strong negative correlation (r=-0.70) of the EDSS score and retinal thickness in the foveal region in patients with SPMS.Conclusion. As a domain of criteria for the MS course without signs of disease activity (No Evidence of Disease Activity, NEDA), it is advisable to use retinal OCT with analysis of the retinal thickness in the foveal region, the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell complex for dynamic monitoring of the inflammatory process activity in patients with RMS and assessment of its progression in patients with SPMS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Choroidal Thickness, Choroidal Vascularity Index and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ağın ◽  
S. Kadayıfçılar ◽  
H.E. Sönmez ◽  
A. Baytaroğlu ◽  
S. Demir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness

Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a detailed ophthalmological examination in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE), including choroidal thickness (ChT), choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Methods The study included all jSLE patients ( n = 21) diagnosed according to the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria between January 2017 and April 2017, and an age- and gender-matched control group ( n = 21). The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) was used to assess disease activity. After routine eye examinations, ChT at five points (750 µ and 1500 µ from the center of the fovea both in the temporal and nasal quadrants and under the fovea), total subfoveal choroidal area (TCA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), CVI and RNFL thickness at the optic disc were evaluated. Results One patient had active ocular involvement in the form of episcleritis. Another patient had corticosteroid-induced cataract. The median age of the patients was 16 years (6-19 years). ChT at five points, TCA, LA and SA were found to be higher in patients with jSLE, whereas RNFL thickness and CVI were similar to those of the healthy control individuals. No correlation was determined between optical coherence tomography findings, SLEDAI and the immunological parameters (antinuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA, complements 3 and 4, extracted nuclear antigen antibody, antiphospholipid antibody). Intraretinal and subretinal fluid was not present in any of the patients. Conclusion The choroid was thicker in patients with jSLE than in the control group. The study results suggest that jSLE may affect the choroid. Ophthalmological evaluation is important in SLE patients, even in the absence of relevant complaints.

scholarly journals Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Multiple Sclerosis With and Without Optic Neuritis: a Four-year Follow-up Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Al-Mujaini ◽  
Maiysa S. Al-Mujaini ◽  
Buthaina I. Sabt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness

Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that attacks the central nervous system, with optic neuritis (ON) being a common early manifestation. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness may be a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage in MS patients. We sought to evaluate changes in RNFL thickness over four years in Omani MS patients with or without ON in comparison to a healthy control group. Methods: This retrospective case-control study involved 27 MS patients and 25 healthy controls. Optical coherence tomography was performed upon first diagnosis and at a four-year follow-up. Differences in mean RNFL thickness were calculated. Results: A total of 51 eyes from the MS group and 50 eyes from the control group were evaluated. There was a significant reduction in mean RNFL thickness among MS patients with ON at follow-up (81.21 versus 72.14 µm; P = .003), whereas no significant RNFL thinning was observed among MS patients without ON. However, there was a significant reduction in RNFL thickness among MS patients compared to healthy controls (76.79 versus 93.72 µm; P = .009), regardless of ON presence/absence. Conclusions: Axonal damage was seen in the optic nerves of Omani MS patients. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in RNFL thickness among MS patients with ON as the disease progressed; however, while there was evidence of RNFL thinning in MS patients without ON, this difference lacked statistical significance. Evaluation of RNFL thickness may represent a useful biomarker for monitoring disease progression in MS and its association with ON.

scholarly journals Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in multiple sclerosis with and without optic neuritis: a four-year follow-up study from Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Al-Mujaini ◽  
Maiysa S. Al-Mujaini ◽  
Buthaina I. Sabt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that attacks the central nervous system, with optic neuritis (ON) being a common early manifestation. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness may be a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage in MS patients. We sought to evaluate changes in RNFL thickness over 4 years in Omani MS patients with or without ON in comparison to a healthy control group. Methods This retrospective case-control study involved 27 MS patients and 25 healthy controls. Optical coherence tomography was performed upon first diagnosis and at a four-year follow-up. Differences in mean RNFL thickness were calculated. Results A total of 51 eyes from the MS group and 50 eyes from the control group were evaluated. There was a significant reduction in mean RNFL thickness among MS patients with ON at follow-up (81.21 versus 72.14 μm; P = .003), whereas no significant RNFL thinning was observed among MS patients without ON. However, there was a significant reduction in RNFL thickness among MS patients compared to healthy controls (76.79 versus 93.72 μm; P = .009), regardless of ON presence/absence. Conclusions Axonal damage was seen in the optic nerves of Omani MS patients. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in RNFL thickness among MS patients with ON as the disease progressed; however, while there was evidence of RNFL thinning in MS patients without ON, this difference lacked statistical significance. Evaluation of RNFL thickness may represent a useful biomarker for monitoring disease progression in MS and its association with ON.

Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Metrics Are Unchanged in Verubecestat Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trial but Correlate with Baseline Regional Brain Atrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
Robert C. Sergott ◽  
Annaswamy Raji ◽  
James Kost ◽  
Cyrille Sur ◽  
Saheeda Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Background: We performed exploratory analyses of retinal thickness data from a clinical trial of the AβPP cleaving enzyme (BACE) inhibitor verubecestat in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To evaluate: 1) possible retinal thickness changes following BACE inhibition; and 2) possible association between retinal thickness and brain atrophy. Methods: Retinal thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in a 78-week randomized placebo-controlled trial of verubecestat in 1,785 patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Changes from baseline in retinal pigment epithelium, macular grid retinal nerve fiber layer, central subfield retinal thickness, and macular grid volume were evaluated for verubecestat versus placebo. Correlation analyses were performed to investigate the potential association between macular grid retinal nerve fiber layer and central subfield retinal thickness with brain volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (vMRI) data at baseline, as well as correlations for changes from baseline at Week 78 in patients receiving placebo. Results: Verubecestat did not significantly alter retinal thickness during the trial compared with placebo. At baseline, mean macular grid retinal nerve fiber layer and central subfield retinal thickness were weakly but significantly correlated (Pearson’s r values≤0.23, p-values < 0.01) with vMRI of several brain regions including whole brain, hippocampus, and thalamus. At Week 78, correlations between retinal thickness and brain vMRI changes from baseline in the placebo group were small and mostly not statistically significant. Conclusion: BACE inhibition by verubecestat was not associated with adverse effects on retinal thickness in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Correlations between retinal thickness and brain volume were observed at baseline. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01739348 (registered December 3, 2012; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01739348).

Progressive Changes in the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena García-Martín ◽  
Victoria Pueyo ◽  
Jesus Martin ◽  
Carmen Almarcegui ◽  
Jose R. Ara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Altered Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Choroid Thickness in Patients with Migraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Ao ◽  
Rongfei Wang ◽  
Mo Yang ◽  
Shihui Wei ◽  
Xuehui Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Background: Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder. However, its pathogenesis is still unclear. This study aimed to measure the posterior ocular structure in patients with migraine using enhanced depth imaging (EDI)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) and explore the probable pathogenesis of migraine. Methods: A total of 115 patients diagnosed with migraine and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited. These participants underwent an ocular examination to exclude the ocular diseases. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, macular thickness, and choroid thickness were assessed using EDI-OCT. Results: The nasal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) was significantly thinner in the migraine with aura group (p = 0.001) than that in the control group. The inferior inner macular layer was thinner in the migraine with aura group (p = 0.005). The 3 subfields of choroid were significantly thinner in the migraine with aura group (p = 0.044, 0.008, and 0.029). However, there was no difference between the migraine without aura group and the control group. The nasal pRNFL in migraine with aura was negatively correlated with the product of duration (months) and number of attacks/month (p = 0.039). Conclusion: The changes in the ocular posterior structure may serve as evidence of the trigeminovascular system mechanism underlying migraine and transneuronal retrograde degeneration of the primary visual cortex, which reflects the cortical spreading depression.

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