Pragmaticism as a logical study of consciousness

Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen

doi:10.1515/cogsem-2021-2037

Pragmaticism as a logical study of consciousness

Cognitive Semiotics ◽

10.1515/cogsem-2021-2037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 29-46

Author(s):

Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Science ◽

States Of Mind ◽

General Terms ◽

General Rules ◽

Logical Method ◽

Logical Study

Abstract Pragmaticism states that general rules of action, or habits, are generalizing tendencies that lead us to action in conceivable situations describable in general terms. As a method of ‘putting questions to our minds,’ it assigns meanings to signs in terms of conceivable practical consequences for rational conduct. Questions are experiments on various ways of finding solutions in thoughts. This paper proposes pragmaticism as a logical method to study consciousness. In particular, perceptions of relations of differences create a “temporal contract” between states of minds that give rise to experiences. Peirce’s “dyadic consciousness” is this drafting of a contract between states of mind, anticipating and occasionally furthering beyond the key notions of 4E cognitive science.

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Schooled in our own minds: Mind wandering and mindfulness in the makings of the curriculum

10.31231/osf.io/qzv82 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Oren Ergas

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Science ◽

Mind Wandering ◽

States Of Mind ◽

Enacted Curriculum ◽

The Mind ◽

Systematic Framework

Curriculum discourse focuses understandably, on the formal and enacted curriculum; however, studies demonstrate that much of individuals’ waking hours are spent in task-unrelated thinking and mind-wandering. No less, this pervasive phenomenon has been shown to affect us in many ways that can be linked to education. This paper examines this null-hidden inner curriculum that is enacted within students’ minds when they are not attentive to the formal/enacted curriculum. Drawing on a review of research in cognitive science, the paper develops a theory of ‘the mind as a curriculum deliberator’ and explains how the mind can be seen as ‘schooling itself’. Different states of mind such as mind-wandering, rumination and mindfulness are discussed in terms of their educational effects and a systematic framework that renders them in curricular terms is suggested. Based on this analysis, the paper aims to mobilize this inner curriculum from opaqueness and absence to a more explicit presence in curricular discourse, in an attempt to broaden our understanding of how the mind can both enhance and hinder education.

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State Succession and Problems of Treaty Interpretation

The American Journal of International Law ◽

10.2307/2196609 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 41-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. P. O’Connell

Keyword(s):

General Terms ◽

General Rules ◽

Treaty Interpretation ◽

State Succession

It is sometimes stated that the question of state succession to treaties is a question more of treaty interpretation than of the existence or otherwise of general rules of law concerning the fate of treaties upon change of sovereignty. In general terms the proposition is true: a customary rule favoring or negativing devolution would tend to be either excessively comprehensive or excessively restrictive with respect to the category of treaties whose fate is in issue. Many treaties, upon interpretation, might be found to be inapplicable under the new circumstances, while many others might be deliberately drafted in anticipation of a change of sovereignty, and might incorporate a clause providing for the solution of the problem. A study of concrete issues is thus, generally, more instructive in determining the effect of change of sovereignty upon treaties than is the enunciation of general principles of succession.

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Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.5 Latin America: Coordinated by Lauro Gama and José Antonio Moreno Rodríguez, 60 Guatemala: Guatemalan Perspectives on the Hague Principles

Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts ◽

10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0060 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Montano Pedro Mendoza ◽

Guzman Enrique Martinez

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

International Law ◽

Dispute Resolution ◽

Private International Law ◽

International Treaties ◽

Applicable Law ◽

General Terms ◽

General Rules ◽

The Hague ◽

Dispute Resolution Mechanism

This chapter describes Guatemalan perspectives on the Hague Principles. In Guatemala, the sources of Private International Law for international commercial contracts are: (i) international treaties, comprised of: the Convention on Private International Law (Bustamante Code) and the Inter-American Convention on General Rules of Private International Law (Second Inter-American Specialized Conference on Private International Law); and (ii) national laws. In general terms, the Guatemalan private international law regime applicable to international commercial contracts recognizes the ability of parties to a contract to choose the applicable law. Notwithstanding, important differences deriving from such regime may apply, and will ultimately depend on the type of dispute resolution mechanism the parties are using: litigation or arbitration. Currently, there are no on-going revisions or proposed revisions of the Guatemalan national laws or international treaties that provide rules of private international law for international commercial contracts. In the event that the rules of private international law would be revised, the Hague Principles could play a role, as they facilitate the legislative body’s task of creating a new statute and put forward the most advanced developments in the matter. For this to happen, however, the Hague Principles should be disseminated and made available and known to all relevant parties.

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Language as a mental travel guide

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19003182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Charles P. Davis ◽

Gerry T. M. Altmann ◽

Eiling Yee

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Science ◽

Human Cognition ◽

Travel Guide

Abstract Gilead et al.'s approach to human cognition places abstraction and prediction at the heart of “mental travel” under a “representational diversity” perspective that embraces foundational concepts in cognitive science. But, it gives insufficient credit to the possibility that the process of abstraction produces a gradient, and underestimates the importance of a highly influential domain in predictive cognition: language, and related, the emergence of experientially based structure through time.

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