AGROBIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STUDY OF PAMID GRAPEVINE VARIETY

An agrobiological and techno-logical study of the Pamid grape variety was carried out during the realization of different variants of loading with winter eyes during pruning. An agrobio-logical and technological study of the Pamid grape variety was carried out during the realiza-tion of different loading variants with winter eyes during pruning. It has been established that the phenophases of development during the vegetation period occur and take place al-most simultaneously in the same time periods, and the grapes ripen during the first ten days of September. With the increase in the number of knots of a vine and with their lengthening, there is a well-defined tendency of reducing the percentage of developed winter eyes, fruit-ing shoots, weight per 1 cluster, less of reduc-ing the fertility rate. The vines grow well under the pruning loads of the four variants and the grapes manage to ripen. The best combination of sugar and titratable acid content for wine production is in the grapes from the variants with a load of 6 and 7 knots of a vine. The number of knots has a proven strong or moder-ate negative effect on the percentage of devel-oped eyes, fruiting shoots, bunches, fertility rate, weight of one cluster and 100 grains, dur-ing both years of the study. The increase in the number of knots is in a moderate, positive cor-relation with the yield of one vine.

Conceptual Learning and Local Incommensurability: A Dynamic Logic Approach

In recent decades, the logical study of rational belief dynamics has played an increasingly important role in philosophy. However, the dynamics of concepts such as conceptual learning received comparatively little attention within this debate. This is problematic insofar as the occurrence of conceptual change (especially in the sciences) has been an influential argument against a merely logical analysis of beliefs. Especially Kuhn’s ideas about the incommensurability, i.e., untranslatability, of succeeding theories seem to stand in the way of logical reconstruction. This paper investigates conceptual change as model-changing operations similar to belief revision and relates it to the notion of incommensurability. I consider several versions of conceptual change and discuss their influences on the expressive power, translatability and the potential arising of incommensurability. The paper concludes with a discussion of animal taxonomy in Aristotle’s and Linnaeus’s work.

A logical study of issues in academic writing

Al-Khairy, M. A., (2013).One million students worldwide are studying English, highlighting the value of English teaching/learning for academic purposes.Students must be able to work clearly in the target language since English has become "the medium of a great deal of the world's information." English has become the language of science, commerce, literacy, and so on.

Pragmaticism as a logical study of consciousness

Pragmaticism states that general rules of action, or habits, are generalizing tendencies that lead us to action in conceivable situations describable in general terms. As a method of ‘putting questions to our minds,’ it assigns meanings to signs in terms of conceivable practical consequences for rational conduct. Questions are experiments on various ways of finding solutions in thoughts. This paper proposes pragmaticism as a logical method to study consciousness. In particular, perceptions of relations of differences create a “temporal contract” between states of minds that give rise to experiences. Peirce’s “dyadic consciousness” is this drafting of a contract between states of mind, anticipating and occasionally furthering beyond the key notions of 4E cognitive science.

Nephropathic Changes in Renal Parenchyma of Wistar Rats Following Sub-chronic Exposure to Methanol Extract of Caladium bicolor (Aiton)

To assess nephropathic potential of Caladium bicolor methanolic extract within the renal parenchyma of experimental Wistar rats. Twenty four albino Wistar rats (weighing between 180-195 g) were divided into four groups which include Group I treated with distilled water (2 ml/kg b.w.), Group II treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (100 ml/kg b.w.), Group III treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (200 ml/kg b.w.), Group IV treated with methanolic extract of C. bicolor (300 ml/kg b.w.). All administrations were done orally and once daily for a period of thirty five days. Body weight of animals was recorded during days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 of study. After the study period, kidney tissue of study animals was harvested, weighed and processed for histopatho logical study. Staining of renal tissue sections was done using H & E technique, examined under microscope for observable histopathological changes that were scored using image-J software. Results of this study showed that sub-chronic exposure to methanolic extract of C. bicolor caused reduction in body and renal tissue weight. Moreover, exposure to the extract increases significantly (p < 0.05) renal histopatho logical changes including inflammation, necrosis, glomerular congestion and tubular dilatation within the renal parenchyma of study animals. Therefore, methanol extract of C. bicolor exhibited dose-independent nephropathic effect on the renal parenchyma following a sub-chronic exposure in experimental Wistar rats.

Difficulties in diagnosing tuberculous spondylitis against the background of liver echinococcosis

Difficulties in diagnosing tuberculous spondylitis are caused by the rarity of the pathology, and blurred clinical and laboratory presentation. The correct diagnosis can take several months, since pain is often interpreted as a degenerative process. Spondylitis should be assumed in patients with back pain resistant to conservative treat-ment methods, it may be accompanied by neurological disorders, fever, and increased laboratory indicators of inflammation. Radiodiagnostic methods can reveal the presence of destruction, its localization, distribution, and the degree of involvement of the surrounding soft tissues. To confirm the etiology of the process, morpho-logical study of the biopsy or surgical samples is needed, as well as pathogen verification by bacteriological and/or molecular genetic methods. Only after making a definite diagnosis, it is possible to choose the most appropriate treatment algorithm for the patient