9. “Transcript of Summer 1945 and 1946 Notes Based on Trips to the Outer Shores, West Coast of Vancouver Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, and So On”

Grand monthly means of daily observations of surface sea-water temperature and salinity from twelve light stations along the British Columbia coast during the 13 years 1935 to 1948 have been analysed. In general the temperatures reach a minimum of 45°F. ± 1° (7.2 °C. ± 0.5°) in January and February. The maximum varies from 50° to 64°F. (10° to 18 °C.) in August. The warmest waters occur in bays protected from wind action, and the coldest waters occur in regions of turbulent mixing due to wind or strong currents. The salinity along the mainland coast is a minimum in early summer, associated with the maximum run-off from melting snow. Along the west coast of Vancouver Island the minimum occurs in mid-winter, associated with maximum precipitation which is not stored as snow in this region. At the southern and northern tip of the Queen Charlotte Islands there is little or no variation of salinity because there is no land drainage of consequence in the vicinity.In passes between Georgia Strait and the sea where the waters are mixed to homogeneity by strong tidal currents the annual variation of temperature and salinity is reduced, and in some cases entirely suppressed.On the west coast of Vancouver Island it is shown that the annual cycle is affected by the dominant winds and upwelling of deep ocean waters.

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The Relation of Weather to Population Trends of the Black-headed Budworm Acleris variana (Fern.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent92401-6 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 401-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G. T. Silver

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

West Coast ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

Tsuga Heterophylla ◽

Population Trends ◽

Western Hemlock ◽

Canal Area ◽

Queen Charlotte Islands ◽

History Of ◽

Coastal British Columbia

The history of the black-headed budworm, Acleris variana (Fern.), in the western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) forests of coastal British Columbia is one of recurring cycles of outbreaks. The latest cycle occurred from 1952 to 1957 and was represented by three main outbreaks in the Portland Canal area from Prince Rupert to Stewart, the Queen Charlotte Islands, and on northern Vancouver Island. Previous to this, groups of West Coast outbreaks were recorded from 1940 to 1945, and from 1927 to 1931 (Prebble and Graham, 1945a).

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Trends in wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for coastal regions of British Columbia support the variable marine survival hypothesis

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f99-254 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 271-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Barry D Smith ◽

Bruce R Ward

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

West Coast ◽

Coastal Upwelling ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Queen Charlotte Islands ◽

Marine Survival

Wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for rivers in British Columbia was indexed using catch-per-angler-day (CpAD) calculated from data obtained using an angler questionnaire. Mean annual CpAD for primarily winter-run steelhead in rivers of four rainfall-driven coastal regions of British Columbia showed similar trends from the fiscal year 1967-1968 to 1989-1990. After 1989-1990 the trends diverged. The generally remote rivers of the west coast of Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands maintained a steady or increasing trend in CpAD after 1989-1990. The long-term trend for these two regions correlated well with a joint index of winter and summer upwelling for the Coastal Upwelling Domain for the years that steelhead are at sea and is consistent with studies that relate marine survival of salmon to oceanic-atmospheric climate. In contrast with west coast Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands, most rivers of the east coast of Vancouver Island and the lower mainland near Vancouver revealed declining trends since 1989-1990. Most of these rivers drain into the Strait of Georgia. Reasons for the discrepancy among regions after about 1990 are discussed. They include high angling pressure related to hatchery supplementation, differences in riverine and marine conditions, and smolt migration distance.

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The Longspine Thornyhead Fishery along the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: Portrait of a Developing Fishery

North American Journal of Fisheries Management ◽

10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0120:tltfat>2.0.co;2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 120-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rowan Haigh ◽

Jon T. Schnute

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

West Coast ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

The West

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The nootka and sandwich vocabularies in the relación de la entrada de san lorenzo de nutka (1789)

Language Typology and Universals ◽

10.1524/stuf.2013.0016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rebeca Fernández Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

West Coast ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

The West ◽

San Lorenzo

AbstractNootka is an historical fur-trading centre in Yuquot, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. In 1788, the Spanish king Charles III sent an expedition to Nootka commanded by Ignacio Arteaga (1731-1783). A year later, Spain established a military post, San Lorenzo de Nutka, at Yuquot in 1789 which existed until 1795. The missionaries who arrived with the sailors were urged to learn the vernacular languages in order to evangelize. In chapter 5 of the

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A Model of Seawater Structure Near the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f63-065 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 939-967 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robert K. Lane

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

West Coast ◽

Large Scale ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

Structural Elements ◽

The West ◽

Characteristic Structure ◽

Oceanographic Data ◽

Vertical Sections

Oceanographic data collected in a line of stations extending seaward of the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were reviewed and analyzed. On the basis of these data and the large-scale meteorological processes of wind, insolation, and precipitation, the characteristic structure of temperature and salinity in the coastal region was denned in five temporal stages throughout the year. These stages are presented as vertical sections along the line with characteristic ranges of values to be found in each of the structural elements.

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WING COLOURATION DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE BRUCE SPANWORM OPEROPHTERA BRUCEATA (HULST) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) AND THE WINTER MOTH OPEROPHTERA BRUMATA (L.) ON VANCOUVER ISLAND

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent120697-7 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 120 (7) ◽

pp. 697-698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kenneth A. Pivnick

Keyword(s):

West Coast ◽

Vancouver Island ◽

Costal Margin ◽

Operophtera Brumata ◽

The West ◽

Separate Species ◽

Winter Moth ◽

Pheromone Trapping ◽

Yellow Orange ◽

Bruce Spanworm

In a recently completed study involving pheromone trapping of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.), and the Bruce spanworm, O. bruceata (Hulst), on Vancouver Island (Pivnick et al. 1988), I noticed that O. bruceata had wing colouration different from sympatric O. brumata. The west coast O. bruceata has a pale yellow-orange costal margin on the underside of the forewings and this is faint to absent in O. brumata (Fig. 1). It is also absent from O. bruceata in Saskatoon, which is interesting because some authors consider the west coast population of O. bruceata to be a separate species: the western winter moth, O. occidentalis (see Ferguson 1978; Pivnick et al. 1988). Descriptions of O. bruceata (Brown 1962) and O. brumata (Cuming 1961), and a taxonomic key to these two species (Eidt et al. 1966), do not mention any distinctive wing markings that could be used to separate the two species.

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