A Key Transcription Cofactor on the Nascent Sex Chromosomes of European Tree Frogs (Hyla arborea): Figure 1.—

Species with undifferentiated sex chromosomes emerge as key organisms to understand the astonishing diversity of sex-determination systems. Whereas new genomic methods are widening opportunities to study these systems, the difficulty to separately characterize their X and Y homologous chromosomes poses limitations. Here we demonstrate that two simpleF-statistics calculated from sex-linked genotypes, namely the genetic distance (Fst) between sexes and the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) in the heterogametic sex, can be used as reliable proxies to compare sex-chromosome differentiation between populations. We correlated these metrics using published microsatellite data from two frog species (Hyla arboreaandRana temporaria), and show that they intimately relate to the overall amount of X–Y differentiation in populations. However, the fits for individual loci appear highly variable, suggesting that a dense genetic coverage will be needed for inferring fine-scale patterns of differentiation along sex-chromosomes. The applications of theseF-statistics, which implies little sampling requirement, significantly facilitate population analyses of sex-chromosomes.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Extreme heterochiasmy and nascent sex chromosomes in European tree frogs.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1115314.571327 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Deborah Charlesworth

Keyword(s):

Sex Chromosomes ◽

Tree Frogs

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Does the Presence of Fish Affect the Distribution of Tree Frogs (Hyla arborea)?

Conservation Biology ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08030841.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 841-845 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Christer Bronmark ◽

Per Edenhamn

Keyword(s):

Hyla Arborea ◽

Tree Frogs

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Chorus tenure and estimates of population size of male European tree frogs Hyla arborea: implications for conservation

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/156853805774806269 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 437-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ivonne Meuche ◽

T. Ulmar Grafe

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Population Size ◽

Mating Success ◽

Daily Rainfall ◽

Tree Frog ◽

Peak Activity ◽

Male Population ◽

Hyla Arborea ◽

Tree Frogs ◽

Minimum Daily Temperature

AbstractChorusing male anurans typically spend only a part of the breeding season calling although chorus tenure is often the best predictor of mating success. We determined the number of nights males attended a chorus (chorus tenure) and its influence on mating success in the European tree frog, Hyla arborea. The median chorus tenure was 7.5 nights out of a study season of 38 nights. Males that spent more than two nights in the chorus were present for an average of 47% of the nights between their first and last night in the chorus. Minimum daily temperature, ambient temperature at initiation of calling, and daily rainfall explained 37.8% of the variance in male attendance. Twenty-five males were calling on the night of peak activity, a fraction of the 44 males marked. This suggests that estimates of male population size based on peak activity, widely used by conservation biologists, are inaccurate. We suggest that, when mark-recapture methods cannot be used, male population size be calculated by using a regression model based on the peak number of calling males that can be further developed as more data accumulates.

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