Ultrasonography and surgery of canine biliary diseases

Findings of hepatic and gallbladder ultrasonography were analyzed in 12 dogs with gallbladder and/or extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction and compared with the results of exploratory laparotomy. Hepatic ultrasonography demonstrated normal liver in 2 dogs and hepatic abnormalities in 10 animals. The following ultrasonographic diagnoses were established compared to surgical findings: gallbladder obstruction caused by bile sludge (correct/incorrect: 1/2, surgical diagnosis: choleliths in one case), gallbladder obstruction caused by neoplasm (0/1, surgical diagnosis: mucocele), gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction due to choleliths (3/3), extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction caused by pancreatic mass (1/1) and small intestinal volvulus (1/1). Bile peritonitis caused by gallbladder rupture (4/4) was correctly diagnosed by ultrasound, aided with ultrasonographically-guided abdominocentesis and peritoneal fluid analysis. Rupture of the gallbladder should be suspected in the presence of a small, echogenic gallbladder or in the absence of the organ together with free abdominal fluid during ultrasonography. Laparotomy was correctly indicated by ultrasonography in all cases. However, the direct cause of obstruction could not be determined in 2 of the 12 dogs by ultrasonography alone.

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Diagnostic peritoneal fluid aspiration: a simple maneuver to diagnose a major question: a prospective study surgical point of view

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20173680 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 2952

Author(s):

Abdel Hafeez Hosni Mohamed ◽

Magdy Khalil Abd Almageed ◽

Mena Zari Helmi ◽

Mohamed El-Sayed Abdelal

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Fluid Collection ◽

Point Of View ◽

University Hospital ◽

Clear Fluid ◽

Major Question ◽

Fluid Analysis ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Small Intestinal ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: A variety of fluids can accumulate in the peritoneal and pelvic cavities including ascites, blood, pus, bile, urine, lymph, cerebral spinal fluid, and mucin. The appearance of some of these fluids by imaging may suggest a specific etiology, but a diagnostic aspiration must be performed in the majority of cases. This review aims to assess critically the value of peritoneal fluid analysis in the diagnosis.Methods: There was prospectively evaluated 80 patients presented with intraperitoneal fluid collection at Sohag University Hospital from July 2016 till July 2017. Physical, chemical, bacteriological and cytological properties of the aspirated peritoneal fluid was studied.Results: The study included 80 patients with intra-peritoneal collection of surgical importance (due to trauma, inflammation, malignancy). Diagnostic aspiration from intra-abdominal collection was routinely done in all cases giving the following results: 20 cases (25%) showed blood in the aspirate, 18 cases (22.5%) showed pus, 11 cases (13.75%) showed bile stained fluid, 9 cases (11.25%) showed gastric contents, 8 cases (10%) showed serosangenous aspirate, 7 cases (8.75%) showed clear fluid aspirate, 4 cases (5%) showed turbid fluid and 3 cases (3.75%) showed small intestinal contents.Conclusions: Diagnostic aspiration from intraperitoneal fluid collection is considered a simple available test that helps in diagnosis of major problematic cases.

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Pleural effusion as a complication of extrahepatic biliary tract rupture in a dog

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/15473317-32-5-409 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 409-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

MD Barnhart ◽

LM Rasmussen

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Supportive Care ◽

Biliary Tract ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Pleural Space ◽

Traumatic Rupture ◽

Bile Peritonitis ◽

Fluid Accumulation

Bile pleural effusion associated with traumatic rupture of the extrahepatic biliary tract and bile peritonitis in a dog is described. Pleural and abdominal fluids were identical cytologically and chemically despite a grossly intact diaphragm. Transfer of peritoneal fluid across the diaphragm via lymphatics and subsequent leakage into the pleural space is the likely cause of effusion. Pleural and abdominal fluid accumulation resolved spontaneously with repeated abdominocenteses and supportive care.

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Clinical evaluation of patient with perforation peritonitis and their peritoneal fluid analysis for culture and sensitivity

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20182241 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2296

Author(s):

Rajiv Srivastava ◽

Rajeev Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Gastric Perforation ◽

Exploratory Laparotomy ◽

Peptic Ulcer Perforation ◽

Common Site ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Fluid Analysis ◽

Perforation Peritonitis ◽

Culture And Sensitivity ◽

Acute Perforation

Background: Perforation peritonitis is one of the most common emergency that is encountered by surgical unit in emergency department and timely management of it can prevent morbidity and mortality, its important to reach the diagnosis earliest and intervene immediately. we find that understanding the peritoneal fluid obtained on exploratory laparotomy and knowing its culture and sensitivity and treating with appropriate antibiotic has a significant role in better management and early recovery of such patients.Methods: This study comprises of 100 consecutive cases of acute perforation peritonitis on whom exploratory laparotomy was done. In a study period from 1/4/2016 to 13/7/2017 conducted by department of General surgery Government medical college Haldwani-Nanital. Diagnosis was made on basis of clinical and radiological examination. Peritoneal fluid sample was obtained after opening the peritoneum and sent for peritoneal fluid analysis to microbiology department to get culture and sensitivity.Results: Male to female ratio was 3:1 and the most common age group involved was between 20 to 40 years. The most common site of perforation was found to be duodenum amounting to 55% of cases followed by ileal perforation found in 20% cases, gastric perforation was found in 10 % of case. Most common microorganism among Gram negative organism was Klebsella found in 52% cases followed by E. coil in 36% cases, both were found together in 5% cases in rest of the cases proteus and pseudomonas were found. Sensitivity was found to ceftrioxone,ciprofloxacillin and amikacin in more than 87% of gram negative organism while resistance was seen to amplicillin and clotrimoxazole other antibiotics that showed sensitivity to microorganism were Linizoild and minocycline in 76% cases. Around 8% fluid showed presence of methecillin resistant or sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and both were sensitive to linizoilid and minocycline and resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and cephxatin.Conclusions: Peptic ulcer perforation is found to be most common site of perforation where second part of the duodenum supersedes Gastric perforation ratio been 5:1 jointly they are responsible for 65% of perforations. Second most common cause of perforation was due to enteric fever causing ilial perforation which was seen in 20% of the cases. Most common microorganism found is Klebsella and E. coli found in almost 81% of the case and were found to be sensitive to ceftrioxone, amikacin, linizoild and minocycline in almost all the cases.

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Small Bowel Obstruction Induced by Concurrent Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Adhesions and Small Bowel Fecal Materials in a Young Dog

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci8050083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Jae-Eun Hyun ◽

Hyun-Jung Han

Keyword(s):

Small Bowel ◽

Small Bowel Obstruction ◽

Bowel Obstruction ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Exploratory Laparotomy ◽

Abdominal Adhesions ◽

Abdominal Radiography ◽

Foreign Body Removal ◽

Small Intestinal

A 7-month-old neutered male poodle dog presented with general deterioration and gastrointestinal symptoms after two separate operations: a jejunotomy for small-intestinal foreign body removal and an exploratory laparotomy for diagnosis and treatment of the gastrointestinal symptoms that occurred 1 month after the first surgery. The dog was diagnosed as having small-bowel obstruction (SBO) due to intra-abdominal adhesions and small-bowel fecal material (SBFM) by using abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and laparotomy. We removed the obstructive adhesive lesion and SBFM through enterotomies and applied an autologous peritoneal graft to the released jejunum to prevent re-adhesion. After the surgical intervention, the dog recovered quickly and was healthy at 1 year after the surgery without gastrointestinal signs. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of a successful treatment of SBO induced by postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and SBFM after laparotomies in a dog.

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