scholarly journals Primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis in Jatropha curcas L. From leaf transverse thin cell layers

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Kim Loan ◽  
Do Dang Giap ◽  
Tran Trong Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Hien ◽  
Nguyen Phuc Huy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Thin Cell Layers ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Secondary Embryos ◽  
Transverse Thin Cell Layers

An efficient method for plant regeneration in Jatropha curcas L. via primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis culture from ex vitro leaves of 6-month-old plants was presented in this study. Leaves were cut into transverse thin cell layers (tTCLs) and cultured on MS medium supplemented with kinetin (KIN) at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/l in combination with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l . The highest embryogenic callus formation rate (89.3%) was obtained on medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l KIN and 1.5 mg/l 2,4-D. The calli were selected for the study of primary somatic embryogenesis on MS medium containing 2,4-D (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.07 mg/l) or KIN (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/l). The highest primary somatic embryos formation rate (76.67%) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l KIN. The primary embryos were cultured on medium supplemented with KIN (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/l) combined with 0.2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 0.05 mg/l 2,4-D. The combination of 1.5 mg/l KIN and 0.05 mg/l 2,4-D was suitable for secondary embryos formation. Embryos proliferated rapidly, and the highest number of secondary embryos (77.5 embryos) wasobtained from a single primary embryos inoculated. Results also showed that the addition of proline (0.75 g/l) or spermidine (0.15 mM) to the culture medium increased the number of secondary embryos considerably. The fully developed plantlets exhibiting healthy roots and shoots were obtained when somatic embryos were sub-cultured onto B5 medium containing 1.5 mg/l IBA.

scholarly journals Morpho-anatomical characterization of secondary somatic embryogenesis in Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae)

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Maria Daniela Artigas Ramirez ◽  
Rafael Fernandez Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Secondary Somatic Embryos

Background and Aims: Meliaceae species are extremely recalcitrant during germination and in vitro processes. Therefore, this research focuses on characterization and optimization of a highly efficient system by secondary somatic embryogenesis in Azadirachta indica, which is an important step for enhancing secondary metabolite production and regeneration in recalcitrant species.Material and Methods: Leaf and cotyledon sections were induced in MS medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine (BAP) alone, or combined with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and, abscisic acid (BA) with thidiazuron (TDZ).Key results: Azadirachta indica developed primary somatic embryos with BAP. Shoot and root formation occurred at low concentrations of BAP, while somatic embryogenesis was favored under high levels of BAP or TDZ. Primary and secondary somatic embryos were evidenced continuously and asynchronously. The highest amount of somatic embryos was obtained with cytokinins. However, the concentration might be significant to differentiate between primary and secondary embryos. Moreover, the auxins are key for inducing histodifferentiation in embryos. Shoot induction occurred after transfer of the embryos to hormone-free MS medium. The shoots were rooted in MS1/2.Conclusions: The secondary somatic embryos were distinguished and characterized during the whole process and the efficient system was established with cotyledon sections at short term, which offers several advantages such as the production of metabolites.

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from pistil thin cell layers of Citrus

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Carimi ◽  
F. De Pasquale ◽  
F. G. Crescimanno
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Thin Cell Layers ◽  
Cell Layers

scholarly journals Efficient Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon and Midrib Derived Callus in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rahman ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
N Nahar ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium

Somatic embryos were obtained from cotyledon and midrib explants of Solanum melongena L., cultivar Loda. For callus induction, medium was supplemented with different concentrations of auxin singly or in combination with BAP. The best callusing 83-85% was obtained from both of the explants cultured on MS medium containing 2.0 mgl-1NAA + 0.05 mgl-1BAP. Somatic embryogenesis and shoot regeneration was achieved after transferring the calli to MS medium supplemented with BAP, GA3, NAA and Zeatin. Cotyledon derived calli showed better performance (87%) for regeneration than that of midrib (82%) when sub cultured on MS medium having 2.0 mgl-1 Zeatin + 1.0 mgl-1 BAP. For root induction, MS + 3.0 mgl-1 IBA was proved to be better treatment for average number (14-15) and mean length (12 cm) of roots than those of other treatments. Key words: Eggplant; cotyledon; midrib; callus induction; somatic embryo J. bio-sci. 14: 1-9, 2006

scholarly journals High Efficiency Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis inHovenia dulcisThunb. through Solid and Liquid Cultures

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingli Yang ◽  
Songquan Wu ◽  
Chenghao Li
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Embryogenesis ◽  
Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Medicinal Tree ◽  
Plant Conversion

Embryogenic callus was obtained from mature seed explants on medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Primary somatic embryos (SEs) can only develop into abnormal plants. Well-developed SEs could be obtained through secondary somatic embryogenesis both in solid and liquid cultures. Temperature strongly affected induction frequency of secondary embryogenesis. Relatively high temperature (30∘C) and germinated SEs explants were effective for induction of secondary somatic embryos, and low temperature (20∘C) was more suitable for further embryo development, plantlet conversion, and transplant survival. Somatic embryos formed on agar medium had larger cotyledons than those of embryos formed in liquid medium. Supplementing 0.1 mg L−16-benzyladenine (BA) was effective for plant conversion; the rate of plant conversion was 43.3% in somatic embryos from solid culture and 36.5% in embryos from liquid culture.In vitroplants were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. The protocol established in this study will be helpful for large-scale vegetative propagation of this medicinal tree.

scholarly journals Partial Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis from Petiole Explants of Field-grown Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 629g-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jayasankar ◽  
U.L Yadava
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Young Leaves

Petiole discs from young leaves of female papaya (L-45) plants were cultured in MS or B5-based media containing 0, 2.25, 4.5, 11.25, and 22.5 μm 2,4-D. Compact embryogenic callus emerged from vascular tissue of petiole discs in about 3 weeks. In MS medium, 66% and 51% explants formed embryogenic callus with 11.25 and 22.5 μm 2,4-D, respectively. On the other hand, 79% explants formed embryogenic callus in B5-based medium with 4.50 μm 2,4-D. However, explants became necrotic in B5-based medium with 22.5 μm 2,4-D. Subculturing callus in auxin-free medium resulted in the development of roots or somatic embryos. Microscopic observations revealed that the roots were produced only by the callus that had retained its continuity with the vascular tissue. This investigation revealed that petioles from field grown papaya plants are potential explants for somatic embryogenesis and 2-week exposure to 2,4-D is adequate for inducing morphogenesis. Additionally, an interaction between 2,4-D and the components in the MS and B5-based media was observed.

scholarly journals Somatic Embryogenesis using Immature Zygotic Embryos from Developing Fruits of Papaya (Carica papaya)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 783E-783
Author(s):  
S.K. Dhir ◽  
U.L. Yadava
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Secondary Embryos ◽  
Potential Use

An efficient protocol has been developed for the in vitro multiplication of papaya (Carica papaya L.) through somatic embryogenesis utilizing immature zgotic embryos. Somatic embryos were initiated on MS basel media supplemented with 5 mg·liter–1 2,4-D, 400 mg·liter–1 glutamine, and 6% sucrose. After culturing for 2 months, 65% of the explants became highly embryogenic. Each explant produced 50 to 80 embryos in 4 months on culture induction medium. Frequency of embryogenesis was increased (75 to 150 somatic embryos on 80% explants) upon supplementing medium with 4% maltose as a carbon source and 100 mg·liter–1 L-asparagine. The embryogenic callus appeared yellow and embryos at different stages of development were well-organized. On regular subculturing, these cultures continued to produce secondary embryos. Following their transfer to the hormone-free medium supplemented with 4% maltose, these embryos germinated. The somatic embryogenesis system is rapid, repetitive, and highly proliferative. Thus, this system may have a potential use in the development of synthetic seed and transgenic papaya plants. Details of important factors affecting somatic embryogenesis will be discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document