scholarly journals Pre, intra and post-ischemic hypothermic neuroprotection in temporary focal cerebral ischemia in rats: morphometric analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Alexandre Dezena ◽  
Benedicto Oscar Colli ◽  
Carlos Gilberto Carlotti Junior ◽  
Luís Fernando Tirapelli
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Luxol Fast Blue ◽  
Fast Blue

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia, applied in different moments, in temporary focal cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS: Rats was divided into Control (C), Sham (S), Ischemic-control(IC), Pre-ischemic Hypothermia (IH1), Intra-ischemic Hypothermia (IH2), and Post-ischemic Hypothermia (IH3) groups. Morphometry was performed using the KS400 software (Carl Zeiss®) in coronal sections stained by Luxol Fast Blue. Ischemic areas and volumes were obtained. RESULTS: Statistically, blue areas showed difference for C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001; p=0.01; p=0.03), and no difference between C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 and IH vs. IH2 (p=0.39; p=0.85; p=0.63). Red areas showed difference between C vs. IC, IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001; p=0.009; p=0.03), and no difference between C vs. S, IC vs. IH3 and IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0.48; p=0.27; p=0.68). Average ischemic areas and ischemic volumes showed difference between IC vs. IH1 and IC vs. IH2 (p=0.0001 and p=0.0011), and no difference between IC vs. IH3 and IH1 vs. IH2 (p=0.57; p=0.79). CONCLUSION: Pre-ischemic and intra-ischemic hypothermia were shown to be similarly neuroprotective, but this was not true for post-ischemic hypothermia.

scholarly journals Combination Drug Therapy and Mild Hypothermia After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Stroke ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 2246-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Zausinger ◽  
Karsten Schöller ◽  
Nikolaus Plesnila ◽  
Robert Schmid-Elsaesser
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Combination Drug Therapy ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Mild Hypothermia Reduces Penumbral Glutamate Levels in the Rat Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia Model

Neurosurgery ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1216-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Winfree ◽  
Christopher J. Baker ◽  
E. Sander Connolly ◽  
Amory J. Fiore ◽  
Robert A. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Mild Hypothermia Reduces Penumbral Glutamate Levels in the Rat Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia Model

Neurosurgery ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1216-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Winfree ◽  
Christopher J. Baker ◽  
E. Sander Connolly ◽  
Amory J. Fiore ◽  
Robert A. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract TP109: Impact of ATP-Induced Mild Hypothermia on Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meijuan Zhang ◽  
Wenjin Li ◽  
Rehana K Leak ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Dependent Manner

Brain ischemia is a devastating disorder without effective therapies. One of the most promising approaches to attenuate ischemic brain injury is mild hypothermia. Recent studies show that adenosine nucleotides can induce hypothermia in mice. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that ATP, a common form of energy currency, induces mild hypothermia in rats and reduces brain injury following focal cerebral ischemia. ATP solution was dissolved in water and intraperitoneally injected; and focal stroke was induced by a suture model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and ischemic outcomes were evaluated within 24 hr. We found that injections of ATP lowered core body temperature in a dose-dependent manner; the dose appropriate for subsequent experiments was 2 g/kg as it reduced temperature to the range of mild hypothermia for approximately 7 hours. While intravenous injection of ATP was less effective in lowering body temperature. However, when ATP-induced hypothermia was applied to stroke, a neuroprotective effect was not observed. In contrast, the infarct volume grew even larger in ATP-treated rats. Not surprisingly, this was accompanied by an increased rate of seizure events, hemorrhagic transformation, and higher mortality. Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters revealed that ATP severely reduced heartbeat rate and blood pressure. ATP also raised blood glucose to dangerous levels and this was accompanied by severe acidosis and hypocalcemia. Western blotting showed that ATP treatment decreased levels of both phospho-Akt and total-Akt in the ischemic cortex. Our results reveal that, despite inducing hypothermia, ATP is not appropriate for protecting the brain against stroke, as it is associated with exaggerated ischemic outcomes and dangerous systemic side effects.

Effect of Mild Hypothermia on Nitric Oxide Synthesis during Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Neurosurgery ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Kader ◽  
Vincent I. Frazzini ◽  
Christopher J. Baker ◽  
Robert A. Solomon ◽  
Rosario R. Trifiletti
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthesis

Effects of citicoline used alone and in combination with mild hypothermia on apoptosis induced by focal cerebral ischemia in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sahin ◽  
T. Alkan ◽  
S.G. Temel ◽  
K. Tureyen ◽  
S. Tolunay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia
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