scholarly journals Peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) in grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela de Pieri Troiani ◽  
Clariza Tomé Tropiani ◽  
Edmar Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Protein Determination ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Continuous Decrease ◽  
City State ◽  
Grape Cultivars

The enzimatic activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) extracted from three grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.), cultivated in Marialva city, state of Paraná, was evaluated in this study. The enzymatic extracts were prepared starting from the Rubi, Borbon and Benitaka grape cultivars pulp and peel. The activity of the peroxidase was 53.00 units/100 g in the extract from the Rubi cultivar peel, and 327.00 units/100 g from the Benitaka cultivar, these values being superior to those observed in the same cultivars pulp extracts, which were 7.67 units/100 g and 44.00 units/100 g respectively. However, the result was opposite in the Borbon cultivar, with values of 141.11 units/100 g in the pulp and 11.50 units/100 g in the peel being found. The results of the polyphenoloxidase in the Borbon cultivar activity were 100.18 units/100 g in the pulp and 102.60 units/100 g in the peel, and in the Rubi and Benitaka cultivars were 60.40 units/100 g, 48.62 units/100 g in the pulp and 17.40 units/100 g, and 26.20 units/100 g in the peel, respectively. Protein determination was carried out in each extract, and the results found in the pulp and peel, respectively, were 0.56 and 0.64 mg/100 g for cultivar Benitaka, 1.38 and 6.45 mg/100 g for cultivar Rubi, and 21.38 and 5.68 mg/100 g for Borbon. The extracts were submitted to thermal treatments (60°C, 65°C, 70°C and 75°C for a 1 to 10 minutes period) to observe the behavior of the peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase enzymatic activity, being verified a continuous decrease of the peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities as a result of the thermal treatment. The extracts of the Rubi and Benitaka cultivars were more heat stable than the extract from the Borbon cultivar for both enzymes. However, the temperatures used were not enough for a total inactivation of the enzymes.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and differentiation in cultivated grape, Vitis vinifera L.

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
MALLIKARJUNA K. ARADHYA ◽  
GERALD S. DANGL ◽  
BERNARD H. PRINS ◽  
JEAN-MICHEL BOURSIQUOT ◽  
M. ANDREW WALKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Multivariate Relationships ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
Grape Cultivars

222 cultivated (Vitis vinifera) and 22 wild (V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris) grape accessions were analysed for genetic diversity and differentiation at eight microsatellite loci. A total of 94 alleles were detected, with extensive polymorphism among the accessions. Multivariate relationships among accessions revealed 16 genetic groups structured into three clusters, supporting the classical eco-geographic grouping of grape cultivars: occidentalis, pontica and orientalis. French cultivars appeared to be distinct and showed close affinity to the wild progenitor, ssp. sylvestris from south-western France (Pyrenees) and Tunisia, probably reflecting the origin and domestication history of many of the old wine cultivars from France. There was appreciable level of differentiation between table and wine grape cultivars, and the Muscat types were somewhat distinct within the wine grapes. Contingency χ2 analysis indicated significant heterogeneity in allele frequencies among groups at all loci. The observed heterozygosities for different groups ranged from 0·625 to 0·9 with an overall average of 0·771. Genetic relationships among groups suggested hierarchical differentiation within cultivated grape. The gene diversity analysis indicated narrow divergence among groups and that most variation was found within groups (∼85%). Partitioning of diversity suggested that the remaining variation is somewhat structured hierarchically at different levels of differentiation. The overall organization of genetic diversity suggests that the germplasm of cultivated grape represents a single complex gene pool and that its structure is determined by strong artificial selection and a vegetative mode of reproduction.

scholarly journals Ecophysiological and phytochemical response to ozone of wine grape cultivars of Vitis vinifera L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. 2514-2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Valletta ◽  
Elisabetta Salvatori ◽  
Anna Rita Santamaria ◽  
Marcello Nicoletti ◽  
Chiara Toniolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Use of sequence-tagged microsatellite site markers for characterizing table grape cultivars

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Sánchez-Escribano ◽  
J P Martín ◽  
J Carreño ◽  
J L Cenis
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Site Markers ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Stms Markers

A collection of 43 table grape cultivars, Vitis vinifera L., was studied with sequence-tagged microsatellite site (STMS) markers. The amplified loci were VVS1, VVS2, VVS3, VVS4, VVS5, VVMD5, VVMD6, and VVMD7. These loci had been previously described and used with good results by several authors. The number of alleles observed per locus ranged from 2 (VVS3) to 8 (VVS2 and VVMD7), and the number of observed genotypes from 3 (VVS3) to 19 (VVMD5). Expected heterozygosity ranged from 38% (VVS1) to 80% (VVMD5). The 43 cultivars were clearly identified with the allelic combinations of the 8 loci. In 14 cultivars, the allelic sizes were identical to the values reported in previous studies with these markers, indicating the good reproducibility of this method in different laboratories.Key words: Vitis, fingerprinting, STMS, SSR, STS.

scholarly journals Sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds of ancient grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) from Igdir province of Eastern Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiye Eyduran ◽  
Meleksen Akin ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Ecevit Eyduran ◽  
David Maghradze
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Eastern Turkey ◽  
Grape Cultivars
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