Improvement of oil and gas production infrastructure as an effective tool for maintaining basic oil and gas production

The modern world is a complex mechanism in which each process, direction, sphere of activity, despite visual differences, ultimately creates a single complex element aimed at ensuring human life. One of the key processes occurring on the planet is the extraction of hydrocarbons. The article proposes to consider a solution that will contribute to ensuring the efficiency of oil and gas production processes, will extend the life cycle of mature oil and gas production assets of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF) and extend their economic profitability. Economic and technological efficiency from infrastructure reengineering measures is individual for each region, and directly depends on the volume of oil, water production and the state of the ground infrastructure. The described areas of infrastructure reengineering, in aggregate, represent an effective tool for optimizing operating and capital costs, increasing the reliability of technological equipment, removing infrastructure restrictions, which will contribute to the achievement of the set task - maintaining oil production at mature assets. Keywords: facilities for oil treatment; gas compression; reservoir pressure maintenance; power supply; engineering networks; operating costs; reengineering.

Structure of telomerase-bound CST with Polymerase α-Primase

Telomeres are the physical ends of linear chromosomes, composed of short repeating sequences (e.g. TTGGGG in Tetrahymena for the G-strand) of double-stranded DNA with a single-strand 3'-overhang of the G-strand and a group of proteins called shelterin. Among these, TPP1 and POT1 associate with the 3'-overhang, with POT1 binding the G-strand and TPP1 recruiting telomerase via interaction with telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). The ends of the telomeric DNA are replicated and maintained by telomerase, for the G-strand, and subsequently DNA Polymerase α-Primase (PolαPrim), for the C-strand. PolαPrim is stimulated by CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST), but the structural basis of both PolαPrim and CST recruitment to telomere ends remains unknown. Here we report cryo-EM structures of Tetrahymena CST in the context of telomerase holoenzyme, both in the absence and presence of PolαPrim, as well as of PolαPrim alone. Ctc1 binds telomerase subunit p50, a TPP1 ortholog, on a flexible Ctc1 binding motif unveiled jointly by cryo-EM and NMR spectroscopy. PolαPrim subunits are arranged in a catalytically competent conformation, in contrast to previously reported autoinhibited conformation. Polymerase POLA1 binds Ctc1 and Stn1, and its interface with Ctc1 forms an entry port for G-strand DNA to the POLA1 active site. Together, we obtained a snapshot of four key players required for telomeric DNA synthesis in a single complex-telomerase core RNP, p50/TPP1, CST and PolαPrim-that provides unprecedented insights into CST and PolαPrim recruitment and handoff between G-strand and C-strand synthesis.

«Connection» in the criminal law: issues of understanding and application

The authors in the article touch upon the issue of a uniform understanding of the terminological apparatus, in particular, the sign of conjugation used in the construction of criminal law norms. On the basis of the analysis of the norms of the criminal law, groups of crimes are distinguished in which the legislator uses the investigated feature, depending on its functional purpose. The study pays special attention to the issues of understanding the conjugation in the construction of a single complex crime, where, with its help, the legislator discloses and emphasizes the connection between a socially dangerous act and a mandatory sign of the objective side of a crime. Based on the results of the analysis of law enforcement practice, as well as the doctrine of criminal law, the authors come to the conclusion that the term conjugate is synonymous with the phrase perfect with application. In this connection, it is proposed in the criminal law in the constructions of single complex crimes to replace the use by the legislator of the sign conjugation with the synonymous phrase committed with application.

Geochronology and evolution of a complex barrier, Younghusband Peninsula, South Australia

This study examines the southeastern end of the Younghusband Peninsula in South Australia at a location called The Granites in order to gain a better understanding of the processes of formation of the foredune ridge system, and to investigate the drivers that controlled its progradational development during the Holocene. Our findings are based on amorphological analysis, a ground penetrating radar survey, and 14C and OSL dating. The Younghusband Peninsula at The Granites was formed by an initial aggradational phase resulting in a single complex foredune ridge, and which ended around 4.3 ka, and by a regressive (progradational) barrier phase (750 m wide) that developed in the last 4.3 ka, under very low rates of progradation (0.38 to 0.09 m/yr). The last part of this phase shows significant foredune ridge building in the last 1000 years or so. Barrier progradation via foredune ridge development is likely an effect driven by lowwave energy that favored conditions for coastal stability and foredune formation. Paleontological and GPR data indicate a maximum sea-level of +1.23 to +1.5 m, respectively, during initial barrier development. The foredune ridge plain of the barrier experienced at least three phases of significant aeolian activitywith ages centered at around 3.9, 3.4 and 3.0 ka suggesting their occurrence at 500 to 400-year events. Computer modelling indicates that sediments for the progradational phase of the barrier were provided by the forced regression produced by a sea-level fall over the past 4.3 ka. The large foredune complex formed during the last phase of progradation could be the result of both the very low progradation rate of 0.09 m/yr, and periods of disturbance possibly related to enhanced storm activity.

The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty

Frailty is an aging related condition, which has been defined as a state of enhanced vulnerability to stressors, leading to a limited capacity to meet homeostatic demands. Cognitive impairment is also frequent in older people, often accompanying frailty. Age is the main independent risk factor for both frailty and cognitive impairment, and compelling evidence suggests that similar age-associated mechanisms could underlie both clinical conditions. Accordingly, it has been suggested that frailty and cognitive impairment share common pathways, and some authors proposed “cognitive frailty” as a single complex phenotype. Nevertheless, so far, no clear common underlying pathways have been discovered for both conditions. microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key fine-tuning regulators in most physiological processes, as well as pathological conditions. Importantly, miRNAs have been proposed as both peripheral biomarkers and potential molecular factors involved in physiological and pathological aging. In this review, we discuss the evidence linking changes of selected miRNAs expression with frailty and cognitive impairment. Overall, miR-92a-5p and miR-532-5p, as well as other miRNAs implicated in pathological aging, should be investigated as potential biomarkers (and putative molecular effectors) of cognitive frailty.

Improving the Efficiency of Autonomous Heat Supply Systems by Implementing Integrated Control Systems

In this paper we studied the actuality of the problem of optimal control of the heat supply system as a single complex object on the basis of a generalized mathematical model that takes into account the dynamics of the fuel combustion process, heat generation, its transmission through the heat network and that takes into account the dynamics of heat energy consumption and various external factors.

Effective Functioning of a Mixed Heterogeneous Team in a Collaborative Robotic System

The study describes a collaborative robot (cobot) as one of the types of intelligent robotics and its distinctive features compared to other types of robots. The paper presents a collaborative robotic system as a single complex system in which actors of different types – cobots and human workers – perform collaborative actions to achieve a common goal. Elements of a collaborative robotic system, as well as processes and entities that directly influence it are represented. The key principles of Human-Robot Collaboration are described. A collaborative robotic system is analyzed both as a multi-agent system and as a mixed team, whose members are heterogeneous actors. The relevance of the work lies in a weak level of research on issues of formation of mixed teams of people and cobots and distribution of tasks in such teams, taking into account features of these two types of participants and requirements of their safe collaboration. This work focused on a formation of mixed teams of elements of a single complex human-cobot system, the distribution of tasks among the members of such teams, taking into account the need to minimize costs for its participants and the heterogeneity of the team. As part of the study, the problem of forming a mixed heterogeneous team of people and cobots, and distribution of work among its members, as well as the corresponding mathematical description are presented. Specific cases of the problem, including different cost functions of different types of participants, a limited activity of the team’s members, the dependence of the cost function of the participants of one type on the number of participants of another type, as well as an arbitrary number of works assigned to the team’s members are considered.

Genome-wide markers reveal differentiation between and within the cryptic sister species, sunset and vermilion rockfish

The vermilion rockfish complex, which consists of the cryptic sister species vermilion and sunset rockfish, is one of the most valuable recreational fisheries on the U.S. West Coast. These species are currently managed as a single complex, and because of uncertainty surrounding the relative contribution of each species within existing data sources, the stock status of each species is not fully known. A reliable and cost-effective method is needed to disentangle these species that will allow for the development of abundance indices, life history profiles, and catch histories that may potentially support species-specific stock assessments. Using restriction-site associated DNA sequence (RADseq) markers we generated 10,003 polymorphic loci to characterize the vermilion rockfish complex. PCA and Bayesian clustering approaches based on these loci clearly distinguished between sunset and vermilion rockfishes and identified hybrid individuals. These loci included 203 highly differentiated (FST ≥ 0.99) single nucleotide polymorphisms, which we consider candidates in the planned development of a diagnostic assay capable of distinguishing between these cryptic species. In addition to clearly delineating to species, subsets of the interspecific markers allowed for insight into intraspecific differentiation in both species. Population genetic analyses for sunset rockfish identified two weakly divergent genetic groups with similar levels of genetic diversity. Vermilion rockfish, however, were characterized by three distinct genetic groups with much stronger signals of differentiation and significantly different genetic diversities. Collectively, these data will contribute to well-informed, species-specific management strategies to protect this valuable species complex.

Mellin amplitudes for 1d CFT

We define a Mellin amplitude for CFT1 four-point functions. Its analytical properties are inferred from physical requirements on the correlator. We discuss the analytic continuation that is necessary for a fully nonperturbative definition of the Mellin transform. The resulting bounded, meromorphic function of a single complex variable is used to derive an infinite set of nonperturbative sum rules for CFT data of exchanged operators, which we test on known examples. We then consider the perturbative setup produced by quartic interactions with an arbitrary number of derivatives in a bulk AdS2 field theory. With our formalism, we obtain a closed-form expression for the Mellin transform of tree-level contact interactions and for the first correction to the scaling dimension of “two-particle” operators exchanged in the generalized free field theory correlator.

Three-point functions of higher-spin spinor current multiplets in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 superconformal theory

In this paper, we study the general form of three-point functions of conserved current multiplets Sα(k) = S(α1…αk) of arbitrary rank in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 superconformal theory. We find that the correlation function of three such operators $$ \left\langle {\overline{S}}_{\dot{\alpha}(k)}\left({z}_1\right){S}_{\beta \left(k+l\right)}\left({z}_2\right){\overline{S}}_{\dot{\gamma}(l)}\left({z}_3\right)\right\rangle $$ S ¯ α ̇ k z 1 S β k + l z 2 S ¯ γ ̇ l z 3 is fixed by the superconformal symmetry up to a single complex coefficient though the precise form of the correlator depends on the values of k and l. In addition, we present the general structure of mixed correlators of the form $$ \left\langle {\overline{S}}_{\dot{\alpha}(k)}\left({z}_1\right){S}_{\alpha (k)}\left({z}_2\right)L\left({z}_3\right)\right\rangle $$ S ¯ α ̇ k z 1 S α k z 2 L z 3 and $$ \left\langle {\overline{S}}_{\dot{\alpha}(k)}\left({z}_1\right){S}_{\alpha (k)}\left({z}_2\right){J}_{\gamma \dot{\gamma}}\left({z}_3\right)\right\rangle $$ S ¯ α ̇ k z 1 S α k z 2 J γ γ ̇ z 3 , where L is the flavour current multiplet and $$ {J}_{\gamma \dot{\gamma}} $$ J γ γ ̇ is the supercurrent.