scholarly journals Chromosome comparison between two species of Phyllostomus (Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae) from Eastern Amazonia, with some phylogenetic insights

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís R.R. Rodrigues ◽  
Regina M.S. Barros ◽  
Maria de Fátima L. Assis ◽  
Suely A. Marques-Aguiar ◽  
Julio C. Pieczarka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Primitive Condition ◽  
Autosome Pair ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

The karyotypes of Phyllostomus discolor and P. hastatus from Eastern Amazonia were studied by G-, C-, G/C sequential and Ag-NOR techniques. Both species presented 2n = 32, with the autosome complement composed of 30 bi-armed in P. discolor and 28 bi-armed plus 1 acrocentric in P. hastatus. In both species, the X chromosome is medium submetacentric while the Y is minute acrocentric. The present study found only one difference between the karyotypes of P. discolor and P. hastatus: the smallest autosome (pair 15) is bi-armed in discolor and acrocentric in hastatus, a result best explained by pericentric inversion. The C-banding revealed constitutive heterochromatin only at the centromeric regions of all chromosomes, with the NOR site located at the distal region of short arm of pair 15, in both species. The taxon P. discolor is considered primitive for genus Phyllostomus and the bi-armed form of pair 15 is the assumed primitive condition which, rearranged by a pericentric inversion originated the acrocentric from found in P. hastatus.

CHROMOSOMES AND DNA OF MICROTUS II. CONFIRMATION OF DELETION OF CONSTITUTIVE HETEROCHROMATIN IN M. AGRESTIS CELLS IN VITRO

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. K. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microtus Agrestis ◽  
C Banding

The distribution of constitutive heterochromatin has been examined by C-banding in two somatic cell lines, grown in vitro, from a female Microtus agrestis. One line retains one intact X chromosome together with the short arm of the other X chromosome, while the other cell line retains only the short arm of one X chromosome. Thus, each cell line has lost substantial amounts of heterochromatin from the sex chromosomes, but this material has been deleted from the cells, and not translocated to other chromosomes. Nonetheless, both cell lines continue to propagate well in vitro.

An Electroporetic and Chromosomal Study of the Dasyurid Marsupial Genus Ningaui Archer

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Baverstock ◽  
M Adams ◽  
M Archer ◽  
NL Mckenzie ◽  
RA How
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Isozyme Electrophoresis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Karyotypic Diversity

Isozyme electrophoresis of 28 loci was used to characterize 30 specimens of Ningaui from four States of Australia. The specimens fall into three genetic groups, with large differences between groups (21-32% fixed differences) and genetic homogeneity within groups. One group, from the Pilbara of Western Australia, is referable to N. timealeyi; a second group, extending from the Kalgoorlie area of Western Australia to the far west of South Australia and north to the Tanami Desert of the Northern Temtory, is referable to N. ridei; and a third group extends from the Kalgoorlie area of Western Australia (where it is sympatric with N. ridei) across southern South Australia and into north-westem Victoria. Because the third group maintains its genetic uniqueness despite being sympatric with N. ridei, it clearly represents a different species, N. yvonnae Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry. This species is distinguishable from N. ridei on skull characters, but indistinguishable on external characters. In contrast to most dasyurids, ningauis display considerable karyotypic diversity involving a pericentric inversion, a reciprocal translocation and addition of constitutive heterochromatin to the X-chromosome.

scholarly journals Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Loreto ◽  
Maria José de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Silver Staining ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Nucleolar Organizers ◽  
Silver Nitrate Staining

Several techniques including C-banding, fluorochromes and silver staining were used to obtain information about heterochromatin patterns in the grasshopper B. coccineipes. Conventional staining showed a karyotype with 2n = 23 chromosomes in males and 2n = 24 in females, as well as XO:XX sex determination and acrotelocentric chromosomes. The medium-sized X chromosome was heteropycnotic positive at the beginning of prophase I and negative in metaphase I. C-banding revealed heterochromatic blocks in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining in this species showed three small bivalents (S9-S11) as nucleolar organizers with NORs located in the pericentromeric regions. CMA3-positive blocks were seen in pericentromeric regions of pairs M6, S9, S10 and S11. Sequential staining with CMA3/AgNO3 revealed homology between the CMA3-positive bands and NORs of the bivalents S9, S10 and S11. The CMA3-positive block of the bivalent M6 could represent a latent secondary NOR. The results obtained permit us to distinguish two categories of the constitutive heterochromatin in B. coccineipes.

scholarly journals First constitutive heterochromatin characterization and Karyotype of white stork Ciconia ciconia (Aves: Ciconiidae)

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Abu Shnaf ◽  
M. S. Al-Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
White Stork ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Ciconia Ciconia ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Autosome Pair

Abstract The karyotype and constitutive heterochromatin pattern of the white stork Ciconia ciconia samples obtained from Manzala lake, Dimiaat, Egypt was described. Somatic cells of Ciconia ciconia samples have diploid number 2n= 68 chromosomes. Out of 68 chromosomes, 11 pairs including sex chromosomes were macrochromosomes and the remaining pairs were microchromosomes. Of the 11 macrochromosome pairs, no.1, 2, 4 and 5 were submetacentric and pairs no. 6, 7 and 8 were described as metacentric. In addition, the autosome pair no.3 was subtelocentric, while autosome pair no.9 was acrocentric. Also, the sex chromosome Z represents the fourth one in size and it was classified as submetacentric while, W chromosome appeared as medium size and was acrocentric. Furthermore, C-banding pattern (constitutive heterochromatin) revealed variation in their sizes and occurrence between macrochromosomes. Pairs no. 7 and 8 of autosomes exhibited unusual distribution of heterochromatin, where they appeared as entirely heterochromatic. This may be related to the origin of sex chromosomes Z and W. However, there is no sufficient evidence illustrate the appearance of entirely heterochromatic autosomes. Therefore, there is no available cytogenetic literature that describes the C-banding and karyotype of Ciconia Ciconia, so the results herein are important and may assist in cytogenetic study and evolutionary pattern of Ciconiiformes.

Complex t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) with a pericentric inversion of the X chromosome in an adolescent boy with synovial sarcoma

2002 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Mathew ◽  
James Dalton ◽  
Shannon Riedley ◽  
Sheri L. Spunt ◽  
D.Ashley Hill
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Pericentric Inversion

C-banding and DNA content in seven species of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 834-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Juan ◽  
E. Petitpierre
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Metaphase I

The relative amount of C-banded heterochromatin varies strikingly in seven species of tenebrionid beetles, from 25 to 58%, but most species show procentric bands only. Nevertheless, Gonocephalum patruele exhibits an almost completely heterochromatic X chromosome. The nuclear DNA content of Feulgen-stained spermatids has yielded up to a threefold difference, from 0.27 to 0.86 pg, which is not completely in accordance with the amount of C-banded heterochromatin. However, the genome sizes correlate significantly with the total chromosome areas at metaphase I and with the spermatid areas. Furthermore, the genome sizes agree with the subfamilial taxonomic groupings of these tenebrionids.Key words: Tenebrionidae, genome size, C-banding.

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