scholarly journals Multiple shoot formation in Hypericum perforatum L.and hypericin production

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Romanato Santarém ◽  
Leandro Vieira Astarita
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Adult Plants

Hypericum perforatum is a traditional medicinal plant with wound healing and antidepressive properties. Among the secondary compounds of interest is hypericin, a naphtodianthrone that seems to participate in the medicinal effects of this species. The aim of this work was to obtain an efficient micropropagation system of H. perforatum and to compare the hypericin content between in vitro and field-grown plants. Cultures were initiated from nodal segments of mature plants inoculated onto MS medium supplemented with 4.5 muM BA, kinetin, thidiazuron, individually or in combination with 0.05 muM NAA. Organogenic explants were observed on medium with either BA or kinetin alone or in combination of these with NAA. Subculture of organogenic explants onto the proliferation medium containing 4.5 muM BA promoted the organogenic response. The highest average of shoot production (52.6 shoots) was obtained on those explants induced in the presence of BA and NAA. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimated. Analysis of hypericin contents showed that levels found in callus represented only 0.11 % of what was detected in adult plants, while shoots and leaves from in vitro plants showed similar hypericin levels to those found in the leaves of the field-grown plants, suggesting that the accumulation of this compound is related to leaf differentiation.

scholarly journals INCREASED SHOOT PROLIFERATION OF APPLES CO-CULTIVATED WITH AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 661a-661
Author(s):  
F.A. Hammerschlag ◽  
R.H. Zimmerman ◽  
A.C. Smigocki
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Putative Transformants ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Different Levels

`McIntosh' apple shoots were inoculated in vitro with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain tms328::Tn5 (tms) carrying a functional cytokinin gene. Callus tissue, removed from the infected stems, produced shoots on shoot proliferation medium. After three subcultures, axillary shoot production from a tms-infected putative transformant was eight times that of controls. Subsequent shoot production on three different levels of BA (3, 6 and 10 uM) was significantly greater than from controls on all levels of BA. PCR analysis of putative transformants revealed an expected 503 bp DNA fragment corresponding to the amplified portion of the cytokinin gene. After 6 months of in vitro propagation, proliferation rates of shoots obtained from the original transformants were similar to the controls and the expected PCR fragment of 503 bp could only be detected by Southern analysis. Even though the T-DNA appears to be lost from the apple genome, the data suggest that the tms strain may be useful in co-infection experiments to induce shoot formation, thus avoiding difficult regeneration procedures.

scholarly journals Establishment of in vitro regeneration protocol for Adhatoda vasica Nees

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
S Akter ◽  
A Habib ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica

An in vitro regeneration protocol of Adhatoda vasica has been developed using excised nodal segments and juvenile leaves for multiple shoots regeneration directly or through callus induction. Explants were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of IAA, NAA, BAP, GA3 and Kn singly or in combinations. MS medium supplemented with BAP (10.0 mg/l) was found best for multiple shoot formation, in which 93.33% explants produced multiple shoots. After two months, maximum number of multiple shoots were 10.6 ± 1.82, highest length of plantlets was 5.2 ± 2.20 cm. 100% calli formation were observed on MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.05 mg/l) + NAA (0.05 mg/l) + BAP (1.0 mg/l). Callus initiation started after 14 days and gave light green colored callus. Best callus mediated shoot regeneration was found on MS+10.0 mg/l BAP medium. Root induction of in vitro raised shoots was best on ½ MS + IBA (1.0 mg/l). Well rooted plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing garden soil and compost in a ratio of 2:1 for hardening. The ultimate survival rate under natural condition was about 80%.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 75-80, 2016

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Pumpkin and Ash Gourd through Nodal Segments

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Haque ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MA Mahmud ◽  
D Rezwana ◽  
B Sikdar
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Benincasa Hispida ◽  
Ash Gourd

The present study was undertaken with a view to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro multiple shoot formation and subsequent root induction considering various cultural aspects using nodal segments of Cucurbita maxima and Benincasa hispida. The best hormone for shoot multiplication of pumpkin was BAP (2 mg/l), incase of ash-gourd BAP was 1.5 mg/l. For callus induction BAP+2,4-D was best combination for pumpkin and it was 2.0+0.1 mg/l when in ash gourd BAP+NAA was the best combination. IBA + ½MS medium were used for induction of shoot bud root. In both of pumpkin and ash gourd 1.5 mg/l IBA was found best for induction of roots. Key words: In vitro, MS medium, nodal segments, multiplication, rooting, pumpkin and ash gourd.   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3743 J. bio-sci. 16: 67-71, 2008

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Ilex glabra (L.) A. Gray

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youping Sun ◽  
Donglin Zhang ◽  
John Smagula
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Axillary Bud ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid

Nodal segments containing one axillary bud (1 to 1.5 cm) were disinfected using 10% bleach and were established on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without hormones at 27 °C and with a 16-h photoperiod. The sprouted shoots (≈1.0 cm) were cultured on a MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), or zeatin (ZT) at 2.3, 4.5, 9.1, or 18.2 μM. After 38 d, ZT and BAP significantly induced multiple shoot formation with multiplication rates of 4 to 6, whereas the multiplication rate of KIN was less than 2. Shoots cultured on ZT grew significantly taller than those on BAP and KIN. The height of the longest shoots treated with ZT was 4.6 cm, which was 1.6 to 2.2 times greater than those treated with BAP or KIN. To induce rooting, shoots (≈2 cm) were subcultured on one-fourth strength MS (1/4 MS) medium containing either 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) or 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) at 2.6, 5.1, or 10.3 μM. Adventitious roots formed in vitro after 2 to 4 weeks. IBA at 10.3 μM produced the best rooting (100%) compared with other treatments after 38 d of culture. The average number of roots per shoot for IBA was ≈15, which was 1.6 to 3.1 times as many as that of other treatments. All rooted plantlets were then transplanted into a mix of peatmoss and perlite (1:1 v/v) and acclimatized in a mist system. Average plantlet survival was 73.6% after 35 d. After acclimatization, they were grown in a pot with Metro-mix under greenhouse conditions for 10 weeks where 95% of plants survived and grew up to 6.8 cm high. The micropropagation procedure, i.e., nodal segments containing one axillary bud proliferated on MS with 4.5 μM ZT followed by in vitro rooting on 1/4 MS plus 10.3 μM IBA, could be used for commercial mass production of new inkberry cultivars.

scholarly journals In vitro shoot induction and multiplication from nodal segments of adult Ginkgo biloba plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilton César Mantovani ◽  
Magali F Grando ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Wagner C Otoni
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Long Shoots ◽  
Short Shoots ◽  
Adult Plants

The in vitro performance of herbaceous and woody nodal segments from adult plants and the effect of hydrolyzed casein (HC 500 mg L-1), kinetin (KIN; 6-furfurylaminopurine 0.46 and 4.65 µM) and activated charcoal (AC 1.5 g L-1) were evaluated upon new shoots induction and development, and to establish a system of in vitro propagation from adult plants of Ginkgo biloba. Woody nodal segments did not produce axillary shoots and presented 100% of bacterial and fungal contamination in culture. However, nodal segments from herbaceous shoots were successfully disinfected and displayed high in vitro morphogenic capacity. The HC was essential for the axillary shoots induction and further multiplication, stimulating shoot formation in 85% of the cultured nodal segments and multiple shoots induction in 35% of them at establishment stage. During the multiplication stage, 66.6% of propagules formed new shoots and 33.3% of them formed multiple shoots when cultured with HC. The KIN and AC inhibited the organogenic process in ginkgo. Two distinct patterns of sprouts development were observed in vitro, similar to what occurs in vivo: 1) short shoots with crowded internodes and expansion of only a few leaves and slow growth; 2) long shoots with separated nodes and marked apical growth. This is the first report of multiple shoots in vitro formation in nodal segments obtained from adult plants of Ginkgo biloba.

scholarly journals An Efficient Protocol for High-frequency Direct Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Internodes of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501
Author(s):  
Sanjog T. Thul ◽  
Arun K. Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

A simple, repeatable and efficient protocol for direct multiple shoot regeneration from internodal explants has been defined in peppermint ( Mentha x piperita var. Indus). In vitro regenerated shoots of peppermint were excised into 4 to 8 mm long internodes and cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with different cytokinins. In the hormonal assay, 3.0 mg L-l zeatin or 6-isopentenyl adenine independently supplemented to half strength MS medium exhibited multiple shoot regeneration, while thiaduzorn (0.1-3.0 mg L−1) showed no morphogenetic effect. A maximum of 85% in vitro cultured explants showed multiple shoot formation with an average of 7 shoots per explant on MS medium supplemented with zeatin. Multiple shoots were initiated within three weeks of cultivation. Internodes with regenerated multiple shoots were transferred to half - strength MS medium without supplementing with any plant growth hormone for shoot elongation and rhizogenesis. Rooted plants acclimatized and grew to maturity under glasshouse conditions. The plantlets developed were phenotypically identical to the parent plant and exhibited 96 % survival.

scholarly journals In vitro Shoot Cultures of Tupistra albiflora K. Larsen

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Jiraporn PALEE
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Shoots

To evaluate an efficient protocol for the micropropagation of Tupistra albiflora K. Larsen, the effects of N6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) concentrations on multiple shoot and root induction were examined. In vitro shoots were used as the explant materials which were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L BA for 4 weeks to induce multiple shoots. It was found that the MS medium containing 3 mg/L BA induced 100 % shoot formation with the highest number of 3.2 shoots per explant (2.4-fold significantly higher than the control). For root induction, in vitro shoots were cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L NAA for 8 weeks. The results showed that the MS medium containing 1 mg/L NAA induced 100 % root formation with the highest number of 6.6 roots per explant (1.8-fold significantly higher than the control).

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol of Rauvolfia serpentina L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
S Akter ◽  
B Goswami ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Number Of Shoots

An efficient in vitro regeneration system was developed for Rauvolfia serpentina L. through direct and indirect organogenesis from nodal and leaf explants. Among the different growth regulators, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 0.5mg/l IAA and 0.02mg/l NAA found best for the multiple shoot formation from nodal segments. In this combination 98% explants produced multiple shoots and the average number of shoots per explants is 13∙4. The frequency of callus induction and multiple shoot induction from leaves was highest 88% in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, where mean number of shoots/explants was 12.5. The highest frequency of root induction (80%) and mean number of roots/plantlets (10) were obtained on half strength of MS medium containing 0.2 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening following acclimatization and finally were successfully established in the field.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 133-138, 2018

scholarly journals In Vitro Micropropagation of Orchid (Vanda tessellata L.) from Shoot Tip Explant

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MF Hasan ◽  
R Das ◽  
MS Hossain ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Culture Techniques

Context: Orchid produces a huge number of minute seeds but the seeds can not germinate easily in nature due to the lack of endosperm in the seeds is an incompatibility barrier that limits its propagation in nature. Objectives: To develop in vitro culture techniques for quick propagation of Vanda tessellate, a commercially important orchid species. Materials and Methods: Shoot tips were used as experimental materials. The explants were surface sterilized and the shoot tips were excised. The isolated shoot tips were cultured in MS medium supplemented with different concentration and combinations of auxin and cytokinin. Results: The combination of 1.5 mgl-1 NAA and 1.0 mgl-1 BAP was proved to be the best medium formulation for multiple shoot formation as well as maximum shoot elongation. The single shoots were isolated from the multiple shoots and subcultured in MS medium having NAA and IBA individually and in combinations for root induction. Maximum root induction was obtained in MS agarified medium having 0.5 mgl-1NAA and 1.0 mgl-1IBA. The well rooted plantlets were hardened successfully in the potting mixture containing coconut husk, perlite, charcoal, brick pieces in the ratio of 2:1:1:1 and eventually established under natural condition.Conclusion: An efficient regeneration protocol for micropropagation in V. tessellata through shoot tip culture has been established.Key words: Shoot tip; micropropagation; orchid.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7122J. bio-sci. 17: 139-144, 2009

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) from nodal segments, shoot tips and cotyledonary nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
S. Parvin ◽  
M. Kausar ◽  
M. Enamul Haque ◽  
M. Khalekuzzaman ◽  
B. Sikdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

A rapid and efficient protocol is outlined for in vitro propagation of muskmelon(Cucumis melo L.) Shoot tips, nodal segments and cotyledonary nodes from invitro grown seedlings were used as explants. The explants were inoculated on MS medium fortified with different combinations and concentrations of growthregulators viz., BAP, NAA, GA3 and IBA for multiple shoot regeneration.Effective result was found on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, inwhich 90% and 70% cultures induced multiple shoots from nodal segments andshoot tip explants, respectively. Whereas, 70% cultures of cotyledonary nodeswere found to induced shoots on MS medium with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l GA3. In vitro regenerated shoots were subcultured on half strength MS mediumsupplemented with different concentrations of IBA and NAA for successful rootinduction and the effective result (up to 70%) was found in medium with 1 mg/lIBA. Well rooted in vitro grown plantlets were acclimatized in sandy soil, whereas 70% plantlets survived

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