Nerve Supply to the Soft Palate Muscles with Special Reference to the Distribution of the Lesser Palatine Nerve

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Shimokawa ◽  
Shuangquin Yi ◽  
Shigenori Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Pharyngeal Plexus ◽  
Anatomical Evidence

Objective Descriptions of the innervation of the soft palate muscles in previous studies have varied according to the author. In the present study, distribution of the lesser palatine nerve, through which motor fibers of the facial nerve are considered to reach soft palate muscles, and that of the pharyngeal plexus in the soft palate were investigated in order to reexamine the innervation of the soft palate muscles according to anatomical evidence. Results Observations suggested that the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus were doubly innervated by branches of the lesser palatine nerve and pharyngeal plexus, and that the musculus uvulae was innervated by only the lesser palatine nerve. Conclusion The soft palate is considered to be located in the border region between the areas of distribution of the lesser palatine nerve and pharyngeal plexus. This may be why controversies exist in previous studies about the innervation of the soft palate muscles.

Patterns of Abnormal Myogenesis in Human Cleft Palates

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Cohen ◽  
Lynn L. Chen ◽  
Alphonse R. Burdi ◽  
Carroll-Ann Trotman
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Myotube Formation ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Mesenchymal Condensation ◽  
First Time

To test the hypothesis that soft palate muscles are abnormal in cleft palate, we compared soft palate morphogenesis in fetuses with cleft palate (n=4) to age-matched (n=3) and nonmatched (n=1) control specimens. The morphologic status of all soft palate and masticatory structures were classified into one of six stages based on the level of histogenesis. At 54 mm crown-rump length (CRL), the levator veli palatini (L), palatopharyngeus (PP), and palatoglossus (PG) in cleft subjects demonstrated mesenchymal condensation into myoblastic fields, lagging behind the control specimens (97 mm CRL), which displayed definitive fields of myoblasts and myotube formation. In the 175 mm and 225 mm cleft and the 170 mm and 192 mm control specimens, muscular morphology was similar and had reached its postnatal appearance for the tensor veli palatini (175 m only) and L, PP, PG (225 mm only). Muscle fiber directions were, however, disoriented and disorganized, especially close to the medial epithelial edge of the cleft. The levator veli palatini, could not be distinguished as a discrete muscle in the cleft specimens, and what we believed to be the PP and PG seemed “normal” at the level of light microscopy, but malpositioned in a superior direction. This preliminary study demonstrates for the first time that early myogenesis in cleft palates differs from normal.

Contribution a l'etude petrographique et tectonique de la bordure nord du massif de Mayenne

1944 ◽  
Vol S5-XIV (1-3) ◽  
pp. 45-65
Author(s):  
Raoul Giret
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Mylonite Zone ◽  
Tectonic Study

Abstract A petrographic and tectonic study of the north border region of the Mayenne massif, Normandy, France, with special reference to the granites of the mylonite zone which separates the massif from other structures of the region, microgranite veins, and the Cambro-Ordovician complex at the base of the adjoining Villaines Paleozoic syncline.

The Nerve Supply of the Soft Palate

1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-494
Author(s):  
I W Broomhead
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Nerve Supply

Histologic Study of Intravelar Structures in Normal Human Adult Specimens

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn ◽  
Jerald B. Moon
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Uniform Function ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Normal Human

Objective To describe more clearly the tissue composition and structure of the human soft palate with particular emphasis on the central portion between the faucial pillars. Specimens Nine female and three male normal adult human soft palate cadaver specimens. Results The anterior soft palate consists of fairly uniform layers. The anterior one fourth contains a substantial investment of mucous-secreting glandular tissue, as well as an abundance of adipose tissue. The tensor veli palatini tendon is prominent in the most anterior region just posterior to the hard palate and close to the nasal surface. The middle one third of the soft palate is largely invested with muscle tissue consisting of (1) levator veli palatini fibers coursing transversely across the midline without a septal interruption, (2) musculus uvulae fibers encapsulated in a sheath and coursing longitudinally, perpendicular to and cradled by the levator sling, and (3) palatopharyngeus fibers located laterally and not approaching the midline. Musculus uvulae is variable across and within specimens in terms of its paired versus unpaired nature. Conclusions The anatomy of the soft palate from the posterior border of the hard palate to the levator veli palatini sling is consistent among specimens, suggesting that structures in this region have a uniform function across subjects. The paired versus unpaired nature of musculus uvulae is variable both within and between specimens. The posterior one third of the soft palate is variable across specimens with regard to the relative amount and distribution of different tissue types.

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