scholarly journals VARIÁVEIS FISIOLÓGICAS, PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DO LEITE DE CABRAS PARDA ALPINA NO PERÍODO SECO DO SEMIÁRIDO

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Jaciara Ribeiro Miranda ◽  
Dermeval Araújo Furtado ◽  
José Pinheiro Lopes Neto ◽  
José Wallace Barbosa Nascimento ◽  
Joaquim Regis Malheiros Filho
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference

VARIÁVEIS FISIOLÓGICAS, PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DO LEITE DE CABRAS PARDA ALPINA NO PERÍODO SECO DO SEMIÁRIDO   JACIARA RIBEIRO MIRANDA1; DERMEVAL ARAÚJO FURTADO2; JOSÉ PINHEIRO LOPES NETO3; JOSÉ WALLACE BARBOSA4; JOAQUIM REGIS MALHEIROS FILHO5   Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, 58429-900, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil,[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected].   RESUMO: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do ambiente sobre as variáveis fisiológicas, desempenho produtivo e qualidade do leite de cabras de três grupos genéticos, Parda Alpinas, ¾ Parda Alpina + ¼ SRD e ½ Parda Alpina + ½ SRD, no período seco no semiárido paraibano. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 3 tratamentos e 9 repetições, sendo os dados submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo o teste de Tukey a 5 %. Conclui-se que nas condições do ambiente estudado, as cabras Parda Alpina, das composições genéticas ½, ¾ e pura, conseguiram manter a homeotermia, utilizando de forma semelhante o aumento da frequência respiratória nas horas mais quentes do dia. A composição ¾ Parda Alpina apresentou maior produção de leite, sendo o grupo indicado para ser explorado nas condições do presente estudo, sendo que a qualidade do leite não foi afetada pela composição racial. Não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os componentes do leite entre os grupos genéticos e os animais ½ Alpina apresentam menores valores de contagem de células somáticas entre os grupos genéticos, sendo estes mais adaptados às condições ambientais e menos susceptíveis às infecções da glândula mamária.   Palavras-chaves: ambiência, contagem de células somáticas, caprinocultura, grupo racial, produção leiteira.   PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES, PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF ALPINE GOATS MILK IN THE SEMIARID IN THE DRYING PERIOD   ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the environment on the physiological variables, productive performance and milk quality of goats from three genetic groups, Parda Alpines, ¾ Parda Alpine + ¼ SRD and ½ Parda Alpine + ½ SRD, in semi-arid dry period in Paraiba State. The statistical design used was completely randomized, with 3 treatments and 9 replicates. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% of significance. It was concluded that Parda Alpina goats, from genetic compositions ½, ¾ and pure, were able to maintain the homeothermia, similarly using increased respiratory rate during the hottest hours of the day. The composition ¾ Parda Alpina + ¼ SRD presented higher milk production, being the group indicated to be explored under the conditions of this present study, milk quality was not affected by racial composition. There was no significant difference between milk components between the genetic groups and the ½ Alpine animals, showing lower values of somatic cell counts among the genetic groups, turn them more adapted to the environmental conditions and less susceptible to mammary gland infections.   Keywords: ambience, somatic cell count, goat breeding, racial group, dairy production

Milk quality in Merino and Corriedale ewes

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Moore
Keyword(s):  
Milk Quality ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Breed Difference ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated

Comparisons have been made of the milk quality of ewes of two strains of Merino, strong-wool (S) and medium-wool Peppin (B), and of two breeds, strong-wool Merino and Corriedale (C). The strains were compared in two ways – for ewes suckling single lambs and for ewes suckling a pair of twins containing one lamb of each strain, and the breeds were compared for ewes suckling single lambs. The strain comparisons were made in 1960–61 and the breed comparison in 1961–62. Ewes of the S and B strains during the first 10 weeks of lactation had milk with mean fat percentages of 6.0 and 6.5 respectively when suckling singles, and 6.4 and 7.2 when suckling twins. The corresponding percentages for solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) for the period 45–72 days after parturition were 9.5 and 9.3 for singles, 9.9 and 10.2 for twins. The C breed and the S strain yielded milk with respective mean fat percentages of 8.6 and 9.4, and mean S.N.F. of 10.1 and 10.6, during the first 20 days of lactation. The only statistically significant difference among these breed and strain comparisons was the breed difference in S.N.F. In Merino ewes suckling twins the fat percentage was higher than in those suckling singles over 10 weeks of lactation (6.8 v. 6.2), while the percentage of S.N.F. for the period 45–72 days after parturition was also higher (10.1 v. 9.4). The difference in fat was not significant, but the difference in S.N.F. was. When adjusted for the higher amount of whole milk produced by ewes suckling twins, the relative amounts of fat and S.N.F. secreted become 116 : 100 and 112 : 100. There is thus a suggestion that the extra sucking stimulus which leads to a greater production of whole milk also increases the secretion of fat and S.N.F. When the 10-week lactation period was divided into three subperiods, the fat percentages showed a significant increase with time since parturition for Merino ewes suckling singles (5.7 : 5.8 : 7.2) or twins (5.7 : 6.8 : 7.9). Even when these figures were adjusted for amount of whole milk, the relative total amounts of fat secreted were 100 : 105 : 102 and 100 : 111 : 104. Lamb growth rate was no more highly correlated with the constituents of milk quality than with the total amount of whole milk. No important differences in milk quality were found between the genetic groups examined, but these were all related, the Corriedale breed being half Merino. The possibility remains that breeds differing more widely in their genetic background might also differ in milk quality.

Productive performance of lambs fed with high-moisture triticale grain ensiled with different additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior ◽  
Vinícius André de Pietro Guimarães ◽  
Edson Luis de Azambuja Ribeiro ◽  
Leandro das Dores Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Clóves Cabreira Jobim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance, nutrient intake, and ingestive behavior of lambs fed high-moisture triticale grain (HMTG) ensiled with different additives. Twenty-four intact male lambs with an initial body weight (BW) of 20.05 ± 2.88 kg were assigned to one of four dietary treatments: silage of HMTG, without additive; silage of HMTG ensiled with enzyme–bacterial additive; silage of HMTG ensiled with 0.5% urea; and silage of HMTG ensiled with 1.5% sodium benzoate. No difference (P > 0.05) was seen in the performance (with an average daily weight gain of 210 g d−1), nutrient intake, or ingestive behavior of the lambs. There was a significant difference in the intake of ether extract according to the additive used in the silage. The highest intake (in relation to metabolic BW) was found for HMTG ensiled with enzyme–bacterial additive: 1.49 g kg−1 BW0.75. The silage of HMTG can be used as a single source of concentrate, aiming at moderate weight gains for feedlot lambs, thus providing an alternative for the conservation of nutritional quality of ensiling without causing changes in the performance of the animals.

Diagnosis of intramammary infection in samples yielding negative results or minor pathogens in conventional bacterial culturing

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Bexiga ◽  
Mikko T Koskinen ◽  
Jani Holopainen ◽  
Carla Carneiro ◽  
Helena Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Culture Negative

Up to half of quarter milk samples submitted for mastitis diagnosis are culture-negative results or lead to identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci or Corynebacterium bovis in conventional culturing, the so-called minor pathogens. The interpretation and usefulness of these results in terms of udder and animal health management is limited, even though the amount of resources spent is relatively high. This work aimed to test two methods of analysis of milk samples with the goal of increasing detection of intramammary pathogens. In the first study, 783 milk samples were processed in duplicate: before and after freezing at −20°C for 24 h, using standard bacteriological techniques. There was a significant difference between the two methods with samples frozen for 24 h yielding significantly fewer Gram-positive catalase-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive bacilli and significantly more samples leading to no growth, than samples before freezing. The number of samples yielding Gram-positive catalase-negative cocci was not significantly affected by freezing. In the second study, a real-time PCR-based test was performed on milk samples with an individual quarter somatic cell count above 500 000 cells/ml that were either negative (n=51 samples) or that led to the isolation of minor pathogens in culturing: Corynebacterium bovis (n=79 samples) or non-aureus staphylococci (NAS, n=32). A mastitis pathogen, beyond the result obtained with standard bacteriology, was detected on 47% of the no-growth samples, on 35% of the samples from which C. bovis had been isolated and on 25% of the samples from which NAS had been isolated. The most commonly detected major pathogen was Escherichia coli, followed by Streptococcus uberis, Arcanobacterium pyogenes/Peptoniphilus indolicus and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. These results suggest that simply freezing milk samples for 24 h does not increase the detection of intramammary bacteria in milk samples and therefore should not be recommended. However, use of the real-time PCR-based test may be useful in diagnosing intramammary infections when milk samples with high somatic cell counts are culture-negative or when culturing results in the detection of minor pathogens.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exogenous Melatonin on Milk Somatic Cell Count in Buffalo

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Lin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Quality Of Milk

High somatic cell counts (SCCs) in milk significantly influence the quality of milk and give rise to substantial economic loss. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of extreme heat and cold compared to other season and melatonin (MLT) on milk SCCs in Chinese crossbred (Nili-Ravi×Murrah) buffaloes. We collected the 1948 milk SCCs data records from 2012 to 2017 to explore the effect of different month in China on milk SCCs. Meanwhile, twenty buffaloes with relatively high milk SCCs were employed and randomly divided into two groups (T1 and T2, n=10 each group) to evaluate the effect of MLT treatment on milk SCCs, blood antioxidant activities and immune levels of buffaloes during summer in China. Results showed that the milk SCCs in high temperature seasons (July and August) and low temperature seasons (December, January and February) were significantly higher compared with other months (P<0.05). In summer, MLT treatment significantly reduced milk SCCs and increased the IgM and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in plasma on day 1 after MLT treatment, and then both IgM and SOD levels were decreased significantly. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that environmental temperature stress (heat and cold) caused the higher milk SCCs and MLT treatment improved the quality of milk by reducing SCCs suggesting that MLT could improve immune activity in buffaloes

scholarly journals Effect of Tomato Pomace, Citrus and Beet Pulp on Productive Performance and Milk Quality of Egyptian Buffaloes

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219
Author(s):  
Abdel Rahman Mahmoud Ab ◽  
Mohamed Ahamed Han ◽  
Adel Eid Mohamed Ma ◽  
Yahia Hassan Al-
Keyword(s):  
Milk Quality ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Tomato Pomace ◽  
Beet Pulp
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