scholarly journals The Black Death and its Consequences for the Jewish Community in Tàrrega: Lessons from History and Archeology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
Anna Colet ◽  
Josep Xavier Muntané i Santiveri ◽  
Jordi Ruíz Ventura ◽  
Oriol Saula ◽  
M Eulàlia Subirà de Galdàcano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
Anti Jewish

In 2007, excavations in a suburb of the Catalan town of Tàrrega identified the possible location of the medieval Jewish cemetery. Subsequent excavations confirmed that multiple individuals buried in six communal graves had suffered violent deaths. The present study argues that these communal graves can be connected to a well-documented assault on the Jews of Tàrrega that occurred in 1348: long known as one of the earliest episodes of anti-Jewish violence related to the Black Death, but never before corroborated by physical remains. This study places textual sources, both Christian and Jewish, alongside the recently discovered archeological evidence of the violence.

A racial re-framing of Modernity and the Jews

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Angel Adams Parham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race And Racialization ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
The Way

Goldberg presents a nicely argued examination that demonstrates how sociology’s foundational thinkers used the experience of Jews to make sense of the transition from traditional to modern societies. While major European theorists were either negative or ambivalent about the Jewish community, US scholars were more likely to see Jews as pointing the way toward a more modern, diverse America. The US story, however, is more complex, and Goldberg’s analysis would benefit from a deeper, more careful discussion of race and racialization. Jews’ eventual incorporation in the United States required a careful process of de-racialization that culminated in their revaluation as white. But this process was never complete. The periodic resurfacing of race-inflected, anti-Jewish acts testifies to this. If Jews, who have been admitted to whiteness, are still subject to periodic racialization and stigmatization, this strongly suggests that their experience in the United States may represent the limits of full incorporation. If so, there is little hope for other racial outsiders to ever be fully accepted into the US mainstream.

scholarly journals The Black Death and its Consequences for the Jewish Community in Tarrega: Lessons from History and Archeology

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Colet ◽  
Josep Xavier Muntané I Santiveri ◽  
Jordi Ruíz Ventura ◽  
Oriol Saula ◽  
Eulàlia M. Subirà de Galdàcano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Black Death

Die Pest und die Juden - Mythen, Fakten, Topoi

Aschkenas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Klaus Bergdolt
Keyword(s):  
Black Death ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
Anti Jewish

Abstract This paper explores the relation between the »Black Death« and the persecutions of Jews in the mid-14th century. At first glance, it may come as a surprise that pogroms never took place during an outbreak (as some black legends claim). They were a phenomenon which occurred, typically, before or (seldom) after a plague. When everyone had to reckon with the deadly danger, the charge of well-poisoning, which had a long and fatal tradition, moved to the centre again, accompanied by other incriminations of Jews. Having been of more theoretical (or magic) importance before then, the terrible accusation now seemed to be justified more than ever by the medical theory that poisoned water could cause »miasmata«. The general anxiety, described excellently by Petrarch and other contemporaries, provided an ideal playground for fanatics and zealots who tried to convince people of the validity of such assumptions. It is therefore no wonder that the number of pogroms increased dramatically in 1348/49. They were promoted by the tactics of the emperor who sold his profitable role as a »protector of the Jews« increasingly to the »Imperial Free Cities«. In many towns the Black Death was preceded (or sometimes followed) by anti-Jewish massacres that were instigated by anti-Jewish writings and pamphlets. Only a general crisis of mentality and widespread moral decadence made this possible. The solid financial interests of certain groups of society seem also to have played an important role. Nevertheless, we have to admit that these medieval persecutions have left many questions open - to this day.

THE BLACK DEATH AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN TÀRREGA:

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
ANNA COLET ◽  
JOSEP XAVIER MUNTANÉ I SANTIVERI ◽  
JORDI RUÍZ VENTURA ◽  
ORIOL SAULA ◽  
M. EULÀLIA SUBIRÀ DE GALDÀCANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Black Death

Neighbors

Studying Ida ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Sheila Skaff
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Small Town ◽  
World War ◽  
Striking Resemblance ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Anti Jewish

This chapter dissects the history surrounding the controversy over Paweł Pawlikowski's Ida in the Polish and international press. It mentions the small town where Wanda and Ida search for the remains of their relatives that bears a striking resemblance to a town in Poland named Jedwabne, which is best known for a pogrom that took place during the Nazi occupation of World War II. It also talks about the controversial book, Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabe, Poland, written by Jan Tomasz Gross and published in May 2000, which describes in detail how local residents began an anti-Jewish pogrom in Jedwabne. The chapter points out the massacre recounted in Neighbors that had been either attributed to the Nazi occupiers or shrouded in secrecy. It covers Gross's work that details how the Polish inhabitants of Jedwabne may have voluntarily massacred their Jewish neighbours.

Philo's in Flaccum: Ethnicity and Social Space in Roman Alexandria

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alston
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
The City

Philo's famous account of anti-semitic rioting in Alexandria in A.D. 38, the InFlaccum, has frequently been exploited by scholars interested in the legal status of the Jewish community within the city and the issue of the constitution of Alexandria. This legalissue lies near the heart of the dispute which leads to some ancient and most modern accounts tracing the roots of the dispute to the Ptolemaic period. It is notable, however, that the first major attested outbreaks of anti-Jewish feeling considerably post-date the Roman conquest, suggestingthat this is a problem of Roman Alexandria with its roots in the Roman administration of the city. Philo also places comparatively little emphasis on legality in the InFlaccum. The account of the persecution concentrates rather on the topography of the dispute. The centrality of spatial factors in the In Flaccum can be illustrated by comparing the persecution of the Jews and the fall of Flaccus. Flaccus was publicly humiliated through a show trial, through the sale of his property at public action, and on his journey into exile, by the crowds in Italy and Greece who flocked to watch him pass. He was excluded from public space, both from his city by decree of the emperor and from the urban spaces of his island exile, prompted in the latter case by his conscience. Finally, while in isolation, he was attacked and murdered. The Jews were robbed and driven from the streets of their city into exile and deprived of access to the theatre and market. Their leaders were humiliated in the most public places in the city and finally they were attacked in their own homes. Although the parallels are not exact, as can be seen in Table 1, they are explicit and thiselaborate structure demonstrates for Philo the justice of God in His persecution of the persecutors.

Jews, Poitevins, and the Bishop of Winchester, 1231-1234

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Basic Approach ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
The Many ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
Financial Pressures

Amongst the many questions concerning the Jews of thirteenth-century England, by no means the least interesting turn upon the hardening of Christian-Jewish relations, the collapse of the wealth of the Jewish community, and the eventual expulsion of the Jews in 1290. Quite when and why did these processes originate and evolve? By which authority, Church or King, were they most keenly sponsored? Robert Stacey has provided answers to many of these questions, nominating the years 1240 to 1258 as ‘a watershed in Anglo-Jewish relations’ and showing the diversity of religious and financial pressures underlying Henry Ill’s attack on the Jews. Whilst in no way challenging Stacey’s basic approach, the purpose of the present essay is to extend his concept of a watershed back by a decade or so to the regime which governed England between 1232 and 1234. At the same time I shall suggest that the misfortunes of the English Jewry need to be viewed in the wider context of Jewish-Christian relations throughout northern Europe, in particular with an eye to the anti-Jewish legislation of Capetian France.

scholarly journals The Black Death and Its Consequences for the Jewish Community in Tàrrega: Lessons from History and Archeology

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
Anna Colet ◽  
Josep Xavier Muntané i Santiveri ◽  
Jordi Ruíz Ventura ◽  
Oriol Saula ◽  
M. Eulàlia Subirà de Galdàcano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Black Death

Anti-Jewish Politics in Early Modern Germany: The Uprising in Worms, 1613–17

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 91-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Friedrichs
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Roman Emperor ◽  
Modern Germany ◽  
Early Modern Germany ◽  
German City ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
The City

On Easter Monday, 1615—the seventh day of Passover in 5375 by the Jewish calender — the entire Jewish community of the German city of Worms was sent into exile. But the banishment of the Jews, which followed almost two years of anti-Jewish agitation by the citizens of Worms, was far from permanent.Eight months later, by order of commissioners appointed by the Holy Roman Emperor, the Jews of Worms were permitted to return. They remained in the city for another three centuries, until the final eradication of the Jewish community of Worms in 1942.

The Passion of the Jews of Prague:The Pogrom of 1389 and the Lessons of a Medieval Parody

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Barbara Newman
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
To Receive

Outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence in late medieval cities were hardly rare. For that reason, among others, surviving records are often frustratingly brief and formulaic. Yet, in the case of the pogrom that devastated Prague's Jewish community on Easter 1389, we have an extraordinary source that has yet to receive a close reading. This account, supplementing numerous chronicle entries and a Hebrew poem of lament, is thePassio Iudeorum Pragensium, orPassion of the Jews of Prague—a polished literary text that parodies the gospel of Christ's Passion to celebrate the atrocity. In this article I will first reconstruct the history, background, and aftermath of the pogrom as far as possible, then interrogate thePassioas a scriptural and liturgical parody, for it has a great deal to teach us about the inner workings of medieval anti-Judaism. By “parody” I mean not a humorous work, but a virtuosic pastiche of authoritative texts, such as the Gospels and the Easter liturgy, that would have been known by heart to much of the intended audience. We may like to think of religious parodies as “daring” or “audacious,” seeing in them a progressive ideological force that challenges corrupt institutions, ridicules absurd beliefs, and pokes holes in the pious and the pompous. ButThe Passion of the Jews of Pragueshows that this was by no means always the case.

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