Modern Technologies in the Examination of Patients with Optic Nerve Atrophy Due to Multiple Sclerosis

Purpose: to develop an algorithm for testing patients with optic nerve atrophy due to MS using microperimetry with the different functional disorders.Patients and Methods. There were 20 patients (40 eyes) with the correct diagnosis of MS at the age of 33 ± 1.88 years in the study. The BCVA was from 0.1 to 1.0. Microperimetry was done on MP-1 (Nidek technologies, Vigonza, Italy) with the definition of mean sensitivity, stability and type of fixation. We chose the parameters of microperimetry: the research program, the size of the stimulus, the fixation mark and the test mode.Results. The best program for diagnosing central visual field defects was the program macula 12° 10 dB, for paracentral visual field defects – retina 40° 20 dB. The testing was conducted by using a standard stimulus Goldmann III, mark and survey mode is selected individually, according at the various types of functional disorders. The visual acuity was from 0.1 to 0.4 in 11 eyes with optic nerve atrophy. There were revealed absolute or relative defects of the central field of vision and the decreasing of mean sensitivity to 8.21 ± 2.3 dB, unstable central fixation — 71.18 ± 10, 3%. In 29 eyes with optic nerve atrophy and visual acuity 0.5–1.0 have been identified relative small central visual field defects and paracentral visual field defects in the inferior side with a decrease in sensitivity to 15,32 ± 0,84 dB in the area of 6° from the fixing point, stable central fixation 88,96 ± 2,9%.Conclusion. The authors developed an algorithm for testing patients with optic nerve atrophy due to MS. Using the algorithm identified the central and paracentral visual field defects with the decrease in the mean sensitivity.

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Optic Nerve Hypoplasia With Good Visual Acuity and Visual Field Defects

Archives of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1001/archopht.1977.04450020055011 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 254 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Robert A. Petersen

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Visual Field ◽

Optic Nerve Hypoplasia ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Good Visual Acuity ◽

Field Defects

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Central Visual Field Defects in Patients with Distinct Glaucomatous Optic Disc Phenotypes

American Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.ajo.2020.10.015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

pp. 229-240

Author(s):

Eren Ekici ◽

Sasan Moghimi ◽

Huiyuan Hou ◽

James Proudfoot ◽

Linda M. Zangwill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Central Visual Field ◽

Field Defects

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Visual field defects due to optic nerve drusen in Afro-Caribbean patients: A case series of 16 eyes

Journal Français d Ophtalmologie ◽

10.1016/j.jfo.2020.10.023 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

P. Sustronck ◽

D.T. Nguyen ◽

A. Jean-Charles ◽

T. David ◽

H. Merle

Keyword(s):

Optic Nerve ◽

Visual Field ◽

Case Series ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Field Defects ◽

Optic Nerve Drusen

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Agreement between Compass Fundus Perimeter New Grid and 10-2 Testing Protocols for Detecting Central Visual Field Defects

Ophthalmology Glaucoma ◽

10.1016/j.ogla.2021.07.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nevin W. El-Nimri ◽

Rafaella C. Penteado ◽

Christopher Bowd ◽

James A. Proudfoot ◽

Huiyuan Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Central Visual Field ◽

Testing Protocols ◽

Field Defects

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Significant correlations between optic nerve head microcirculation and visual field defects and nerve fiber layer loss in glaucoma patients with myopic glaucomatous disk

Clinical Ophthalmology ◽

10.2147/opth.s23204 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1721 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Toru Nakazawa ◽

Yokoyama ◽

Naoko Aizawa ◽

Naoki Chiba ◽

Kazuko Omodaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Nerve ◽

Visual Field ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Optic Nerve Head ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Field Defects

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Automated Perimetry in Glaucoma

Visual Fields ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195389685.003.0009 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Hylton R. Mayer ◽

Marc L. Weitzman

Keyword(s):

Optic Nerve ◽

Visual Field ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Glaucomatous Damage ◽

Retinal Fibers ◽

Field Defects

Clinical experience and multiple prospective studies, such as the Collaborative Normal Tension Glaucoma Study and the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study, have demonstrated that the diagnosis of glaucoma is more complex than identifying elevated intraocular pressure. As a result, increased emphasis has been placed on measurements of the structural and functional abnormalities caused by glaucoma. The refinement and adoption of imaging technologies assist the clinician in the detection of glaucomatous damage and, increasingly, in identifying the progression of structural damage. Because visual field defects in glaucoma patients occur in patterns that correspond to the anatomy of the nerve fiber layer of the retina and its projections to the optic nerve, visual functional tests become a link between structural damage and functional vision loss. The identification of glaucomatous damage and management of glaucoma require appropriate, sequential measurements and interpretation of the visual field. Glaucomatous visual field defects usually are of the nerve fiber bundle type, corresponding to the anatomic arrangement of the retinal nerve fiber layer. It is helpful to consider the division of the nasal and temporal retina as the fovea, not the optic nerve head, because this is the location that determines the center of the visual field. The ganglion cell axon bundles that emanate from the nasal side of the retina generally approach the optic nerve head in a radial fashion. The majority of these fibers enter the nasal half of the optic disc, but fibers that represent the nasal half of the macula form the papillomacular bundle to enter the temporal-most aspect of the optic nerve. In contrast, the temporal retinal fibers, with respect to fixation, arc around the macula to enter the superotemporal and inferotemporal portions of the optic disc. The origin of these arcuate temporal retinal fibers strictly respects the horizontal retinal raphe, temporal to the fovea. As a consequence of this superior-inferior segregation of the temporal retinal fibers, lesions that affect the superotemporal and inferotemporal poles of the optic disc, such as glaucoma, tend to cause arcuateshaped visual field defects extending from the blind spot toward the nasal horizontal meridian.

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Neuro-ophthalmology: Disorders of Visual Perception, Pupils, and Eyelids

10.1093/med/9780197512166.003.0093 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 821-833

Author(s):

Shivram Kumar ◽

Kelly D. Flemming

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Visual Field ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Visual Loss ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Clinical Disorders ◽

Physical Findings ◽

Abnormal Visual ◽

Visual Changes ◽

Field Defects

Visual loss may develop acutely, subacutely, or insidiously. The course may be transient, static, or progressive. This chapter reviews the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of various disorders resulting in visual loss or abnormal visual perception. In addition, it reviews clinical disorders of the eyelids and pupils. Disorders of visual perception involve visual acuity, color perception, visual field defects, and other visual changes. Historical information and physical findings on examination can help to localize the problem and define the cause.

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