scholarly journals Change in profile of cutaneous manifestations of HIV after the advent of antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Ireen C. Bwalya ◽  
Som Lakhani ◽  
Christian Aldridge
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Herpes Labialis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations

<p><strong>Background: </strong>To date, there has been no study conducted in Zambia to determine the prevalence of mucocutaneous conditions among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the differences in cutaneous manifestations of HIV between HIV positive adult patients on antiretroviral therapy and antiretroviral naïve patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 143 adult HIV/AIDS patients with dermatological manifestations, and fulfilling inclusion criteria, were included. Among the 58 patients on antiretroviral therapy, the most common dermatoses were hyper-pigmentation (18.97%), fungal dermatitis (17.24%) genital herpes (8.62%), papular pruritic eruption (8.62%), oral candidiasis (8.62%) and Kaposi’s sarcoma (6.9%). The most common dermatoses among the 85 antiretroviral naive patients were oral candidiasis (34.12%), herpes Zoster (17.65%), hyper pigmentation (8.24%), eosinophillic folliculitis (7.06%), abscesses (5.88%), herpes labialis (4.71%) and Kaposi's sarcoma (4.71%). Among patients in Stage III of HIV infection, the proportion of patients with infectious dermatoses was significantly greater than the proportion of patients with non-infectious dermatoses (47.5% versus 28.6%; p=0.036).The odds of having an infectious dermatosis were 28% lower for patients on antiretroviral therapy as compared to antiretroviral naive patients (p=0.001).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a changing profile of muco-cutaneous conditions in HIV infected patients. Infectious dermatoses such as oral candidiasis and Herpes Zoster infections occur more frequently in antiretroviral naïve patients, as compared to patients on ART. Prevention of infectious dermatological conditions occurs with the use of ART.<strong></strong></p>

Malignancies in HIV

2019 ◽  
pp. 337-378
Author(s):  
Eva Clark ◽  
Elizabeth Chiao
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
The Impact

• Review the epidemiology and role of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the impact of AIDS-defining malignancies, which remain common among individuals with HIV. • Discuss the role of human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) in the development of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), which remains the most common tumor associated with HIV infection....

scholarly journals Outcomes of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who start antiretroviral therapy under routine programme conditions in Malawi

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon D Makombe ◽  
Anthony D Harries ◽  
Joseph Kwong-Leung Yu ◽  
Mindy Hochgesang ◽  
Eustice Mhango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Unfavourable Prognosis ◽  
Sub Saharan

AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a generally unfavourable prognosis. We report on six-month and 12-month cohort treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive KS patients and HIV-positive non-KS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in public sector facilities in Malawi. Data were collected from standardized antiretroviral (ARV) patient master cards and ARV patient registers. Between July and September 2005, 7905 patients started ART-488 (6%) with a diagnosis of KS and 7417 with a non-KS diagnosis. Between January and March 2005, 4580 patients started ART-326 (7%) with a diagnosis of KS and 4254 with a non-KS diagnosis. At six-months and 12-months, significantly fewer KS patients were alive and significantly more had died or defaulted compared to non-KS patients. HIV-positive KS patients on ART in Malawi have worse outcomes than other patients on ART. Methods designed to improve these outcomes must be found.

Long-term efficacy on Kaposi's sarcoma of highly active antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of HIV-positive patients

AIDS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dupont ◽  
Emmanuelle Vasseur ◽  
Alain Beauchet ◽  
Philippe Aegerter ◽  
Huguette Berthé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Highly Active

scholarly journals A study on otorhinolaryngologic manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Shanmuga Ashok S. ◽  
Rajendran S.
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia ◽  
Hairy Leukoplakia ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>The main aim of this study was to find out the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) manifestations in a selected regional population of 100 HIV infected patients, to identify the commoner ENT manifestations among them and to make these manifestations, a guide for regional ENT surgeons, to diagnose HIV/AIDS patients early and to treat them accordingly.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>The study was a prospective study which was conducted for a period of five years which included 100 HIV seropositive patients, among the patients attending the Outpatient Department of the Otorhinolaryngology and anti-retroviral therapy centre across Government Hospitals in Tamil Nadu according to our inclusion or exclusion criteria. Detailed ENT clinical examination as well as laboratory investigations were carried out to evaluate the nature of ENT presentations of HIV infection.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>Out of the 100 HIV positive patients, who had some form of ENT symptoms, the most common ENT manifestation in HIV/AIDS was oral candidiasis (40%) followed by cervical lymphadenopathy (30%). Other common manifestations are oral herpes simplex and sensorineural hearing loss. Less common manifestations are chronic sinusitis, tuberculous laryngitis, chronic otitis media, oral hairy leukoplakia, nasal polyps and Kaposi’s sarcoma. Oral candidiasis, chronic/recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex, oral hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi’s sarcoma are the AIDS defining illnesses. Oral hairy leukoplakia, is pathognomonic of HIV infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>These manifestations help ENT surgeons, to recognize HIV/AIDS patients from the specific ENT lesions occurring in them, for early diagnosis and subsequent treatment.</p>

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