Comparison of intraocular pressure peak and fluctuations among Filipino patients with non-glaucomatous eyes and glaucoma suspects using water drinking test and diurnal intraocular pressure

AIM: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) peaks and fluctuations using water drinking tests (WDTs) and mean diurnal IOP among Filipino patients with normal eyes and glaucoma suspects METHODS: This prospective study included normal and glaucoma suspect patients. Each patient underwent both WDT and mean diurnal examination on separate visits. For mean diurnal examination, IOP was recorded every 2h for 8h while in WDT, IOP was recorded prior to WDT, and post-WDT at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60min. IOP peak was recorded as the highest IOP for both methods, and IOP fluctuation was recorded as highest IOP minus lowest IOP. RESULTS: With the comparison of diagnostic tests, both normal eyes and glaucoma suspect groups, the peak IOP was caught at 15min. Comparative analysis of both groups also showed that the peak IOP measurements were statistically higher for the WDT compared to mean diurnal IOP (P=0.039, P=0.048 under normal group and P=0.032 and P=0.031 under glaucoma suspect group). Similarly, the WDT had a statistically higher mean IOP fluctuation score than the mean diurnal IOP method in both groups (P=0.003, P=0.011 under normal group; P=0.002 and P=0.005 under glaucoma suspect group). CONCLUSION: This study shows that WDT is a comparable diagnostic exam in predicting IOP fluctuations than mean diurnal measurement. WDT is a promising diagnostic procedure for risk assessment in glaucoma.

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Correlation between central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure peak and fluctuation during the water drinking test in glaucoma patients

Clinics ◽

10.1590/s1807-59322010001000007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 65 (10) ◽

pp. 967-970 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rafael Lacerda Furlanetto ◽

Antonio Carlos Facio Jr ◽

Marcelo Hatanaka ◽

Remo Susanna Junior

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Drinking Test ◽

Water Drinking Test

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Comparison between provocative test-based and long-term intraocular pressure parameters in patients with stable open-angle glaucoma

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120911337 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212091133

Author(s):

Izabela Almeida ◽

Ana Luiza B Scoralick ◽

Diego T Dias ◽

Michele Ushida ◽

Syril Dorairaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Provocative Test ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Medical Regimen ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Drinking Test ◽

Water Drinking Test

Purpose: To compare provocative test-based and long-term intraocular pressure variation parameters in patients with stable open-angle glaucoma. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in which stable open-angle glaucoma patients (⩾3 years of follow-up without any changes on current medical regimen) were consecutively enrolled. All patients were submitted to a water-drinking test. Long-term intraocular pressure parameters were obtained from isolated intraocular pressure measurements from each visit (⩾5 visits). We investigated the correlation and agreement between the following water-drinking test and long-term intraocular pressure parameters: mean, peak, and fluctuation. In addition, the percentage of eyes with significant intraocular pressure peaks during the water-drinking test (defined as a difference ⩾25% between water-drinking test intraocular pressure peak and mean long-term intraocular pressure) was assessed. Results: Sixty-three eyes from 63 open-angle glaucoma patients (mean age, 60.7 ± 11.8 years) were included. Mean and water-drinking test intraocular pressure peak correlated significantly with mean ( r = 0.67) and maximum long-term intraocular pressure ( r = 0.52), respectively ( p < 0.01). The correlation between water-drinking test intraocular pressure fluctuation and long-term intraocular pressure fluctuation was not significant ( p = 0.45). Limits of agreement from Bland–Altman plots exceeded the maximum allowed difference between methods (3 mm Hg) for all the intraocular pressure parameters analyzed, suggesting poor agreement between water-drinking test–derived and long-term intraocular pressure values. Overall, significant water-drinking test intraocular pressure peaks were observed in 39.7% of these eyes with stable open-angle glaucoma. Conclusion: Although some water-drinking test–based and long-term intraocular pressure parameters correlate significantly, water-drinking test results may not reflect the long-term intraocular pressure profile of stable open-angle glaucoma patients, as their agreement is poor. Many of these patients may experience significant water-drinking test intraocular pressure peaks, despite long-standing stable disease and unchanged medical regimen.

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The relation between intraocular pressure peak in the water drinking test and visual field progression in glaucoma

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjo.2005.070649 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. 1298-1301 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

R Susanna

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Field ◽

Visual Field Progression ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Drinking Test ◽

Water Drinking Test

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Intraocular Pressure Changes after Water Drinking Test in Surgically Treated Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research ◽

10.18502/jovr.v15i3.7450 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Razeghinejad ◽

Zahra Tajbakhsh ◽

Masoumeh Beigom Masoumpour ◽

M. Hossein Nowroozzadeh

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Glaucoma Drainage Device ◽

Primary Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Drinking Test ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Water Drinking Test

Purpose: To assess intraocular pressure (IOP) changes after the water drinking test (WDT) in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Methods: In this prospective interventional study, 20 eyes of 20 patients with PCG were included. All patients had undergone trabeculotomy. Six out of twenty eyes had received a glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation. IOP was measured using an air-puff tonometer at baseline, and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after WDT. The repeated-measures analysis of variance test was used to compare the mean IOPs at different time points. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) of participants’ age was 9.9 ± 2.7 years (range, 6 to 16 years), and 8 (40%) participants were male. The mean IOPs at baseline and 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the WDT were 15.8 ± 3.7, 18.6 ± 3.4, 19.0 ± 3.8, 17.9 ± 3.8, and 16.9 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively (P < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons revealed that the mean IOPs after 15 and 30 min were significantly greater than the baseline IOP (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively); however, the difference in mean IOPs after 45 and 60 min were not statistically significant from the baseline IOP. The averages of IOP peak and IOP fluctuation after the WDT were 20.0 ± 3.5 and 4.2 ± 2.9 mmHg, respectively. IOP fluctuation in those who underwent trabeculotomy alone was twice that of those with GDDs, but the difference was not statistically significant (5.0 vs 2.5 mmHg; P = 0.08). Conclusions: In patients with PCG, WDT induced significant IOP elevation 15 and 30 min after the test, which returned to pre-test values after 45 min.

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Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty Reduces Intraocular Pressure Peak in Response to the Water Drinking Test

Journal of Glaucoma ◽

10.1097/ijg.0000000000000512 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 727-731 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nathan M. Kerr ◽

Henry R. Lew ◽

Simon E. Skalicky

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Laser Trabeculoplasty ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Drinking Test ◽

Water Drinking Test

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Evaluation of daily changes of Intraocular pressure in glaucomatous patients with modified diurnal tension curve versus water drinking test

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab109.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Eman Sayed Ahmed ◽

Mohammed Adel Abdelshafik ◽

Momen Mahmoud Hamdi ◽

Noha Mohsen Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Provocative Test ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Drinking Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Tension Curve ◽

Water Drinking Test

Abstract Background Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy characterized by the excavation of the optic disc due to atrophy of the retinal ganglion cells. A progression of such atrophy leads to reduction of the visual field and eventually to the loss of sight at the end-stage of the disease, Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide Objectives To study the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation during water drinking test (WDT) and the IOP fluctuation of modified diurnal tension curve (mDTC) in glaucomatous eyes Patients and Methods Fifty participants (24 males and 26 females) were recruited in this prospective study; forty participants with known Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and the other ten participants with non- glaucomatous healthy eyes which served as control. Patients attending the outpatient clinic at Al-Demerdash Hospital and Cairo Fatemic Hospital from October 2018 to March 2019 were prospectively recruited. Four IOP measurements were taken at 8:00 am, 12:00 pm, 4:00 pm and 8:00 pm which represented the mDTC, while WDT was represented by a single measurement of IOP before ingestion of one liter of water over five minutes, followed by three IOP measurements after ingestion of this amount of water at thirty minute intervals. Results Distribution of the studied participants as regards Age and sex: 50 participants were included in the this study. 40 presented the case group (20 males and 20 females) and the mean age of the case group was 54.7 years, 10 presented the control group(4 males and 6 females) and the mean age of the control group was 51.2years. 59% of participants had a peak IOP at 8:00 am, while 10% had a peak IOP at 12:00 pm, 6% at 4:00 pm and 25% of the participants had IOP peak at 8:00 pm during the mDTC. In the WDT, 96% of the participants had a peak IOP after 30 minutes of ingesting one liter of water, while 4% had a peak IOP after 60 minutes. None of the participants had IOP peak after 90 minutes of ingesting one liter of water.. The IOP fluctuations detected during the WDT were significantly correlated to fluctuations observed during the mDTC. Conclusion The data of this study suggested that WDT can be used as a useful provocative test for the detection of the diurnal IOP peaks and fluctuation observed in the glaucoma patients.

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