scholarly journals Applying Complexity Theory and Project-based Learning onto Project Designs of Complex Computing Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Lugo Vélez ◽  
Nayda Santiago ◽  
Jose Vega-Riveros ◽  
Carmen Bellido
Author(s):  
Gustavo Ferreira da Costa Lima

O presente ensaio objetivou discutir questões globais prevalentes na contemporaneidade, como elas afetam o ambiente e a educação ambiental e que alternativas educadores e ambientalistas dispõem para responder a tais ameaças. Elegeu como questões globais a crise climática, a globalização neoliberal e a aceleração temporal da história. Para cumprir seu objetivo dialoga com a literatura que envolve os problemas considerados, com a Ecologia Política, o Pensamento da Complexidade e a Educação Ambiental Crítica. Conclui que, apesar dos desafios, os educadores ambientais têm recursos político-pedagógicos para resistir que passam pela mobilização da sociedade civil, pela redemocratização do Estado e pela promoção da participação social. Pedagogicamente é possível cultivar uma educação autonomista que se relacione com o mundo extraescolar e com o exercício da pedagogia de projetos. The present essay aimed to discuss global issues raised in contemporaneity, how they affects the environment and environmental education and what alternatives educators and environmentalists have to answer to such threats. As global issues, the study chose the climate crisis, neoliberal globalization and historical time acceleration. To achieve this objective it dialogues with fields of knowledge involved, with Political ecology, Complexity theory and Critical environmental education. It concludes that, despite the challenges, environmental educators have political pedagogical resources to resist such as mobilizing civil society, redemocratization of the State and the promotion of social participation. Pedagogically, it is possible to cultivate an autonomist education that relates to non-school world and with the exercise of project-based learning.


Author(s):  
Oron Shagrir

This chapter deals with those fields that study computing systems. Among these computational sciences are computer science, computational cognitive science, computational neuroscience, and artificial intelligence. In the first part of the chapter, it is shown that there are varieties of computation, such as human computation, algorithmic machine computation, and physical computation. There are even varieties of versions of the Church-Turing thesis. The conclusion is that different computational sciences are often about different kinds of computation. The second part of the chapter discusses three specific philosophical issues. One is whether computers are natural kinds. Another issue is the nature of computational theories and explanations. The last section of the chapter relates remarkable results in computational complexity theory to problems of verification and confirmation.


Author(s):  
Douglas L. Dorset ◽  
Barbara Moss

A number of computing systems devoted to the averaging of electron images of two-dimensional macromolecular crystalline arrays have facilitated the visualization of negatively-stained biological structures. Either by simulation of optical filtering techniques or, in more refined treatments, by cross-correlation averaging, an idealized representation of the repeating asymmetric structure unit is constructed, eliminating image distortions due to radiation damage, stain irregularities and, in the latter approach, imperfections and distortions in the unit cell repeat. In these analyses it is generally assumed that the electron scattering from the thin negativelystained object is well-approximated by a phase object model. Even when absorption effects are considered (i.e. “amplitude contrast“), the expansion of the transmission function, q(x,y)=exp (iσɸ (x,y)), does not exceed the first (kinematical) term. Furthermore, in reconstruction of electron images, kinematical phases are applied to diffraction amplitudes and obey the constraints of the plane group symmetry.


2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele B. Hill ◽  
Gregory L. Brack ◽  
Lydia Odenat
Keyword(s):  

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