The Marcus Kolb Site (41CE438), Cherokee County, Texas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
TImothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Red River ◽  
Land Grant ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Texas ◽  
Neches River

In 2001, Claude McCrocklin conducted metal detecting and test excavations at an historic 19th century site in the upper Neches River basin of East Texas. Based on the findings from that work, unreported until now, McCrocklin believed that this site was occupied by the East Texas Cherokee. This site, the Marcus Kolb site (41CE438), "was confirmed by the artifacts identical with those found on Lost Prairie in Arkansas." The Lost Prairie sites referred to by McCrocklin are the early 19th century Lost Prairie Cherokee sites along the Red River in southwestern Arkansas investigated by McCrocklin. The Marcus Kolb site is within the limits of the proposed 1836 treaty land grant between the Texas Cherokee and the Republic of Texas.

scholarly journals Early to Mid-19th Century Occupation at the Dead Cow Site (41SM324), Smith County, Texas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Republic Of Texas ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Habitation Site

The Dead Cow site is an early to mid-19th century archaeological site located within the northern part (Sabine River basin) of the proposed Republic of Texas 1836 Cherokee Indians land grant in East Texas, generally east of the downtown area of the modem city of Tyler. Cherokee Indians had moved into East Texas by the early 1820s, and "most of the Cherokees cleared land and carved out farms in the uninhabited region directly north of Nacogdoches, on the upper branches of the Neches, Angelina, and Sabine rivers. By 1822 their population had grown to nearly three hundred." To date, historic archaeological sites identified as being occupied by the Cherokee during their ca. 1820-1839 settlement of East Texas remain illusive, and to my knowledge no such sites have been documented to date in the region. This article considers, from an examination of the historic artifact assemblage found here, the possibility that the Dead Cow site is a Cherokee habitation site.

scholarly journals Kinsloe Focus Artifact Assemblages and Nadaco Caddo

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
European Trade ◽  
Sabine River

The Kinsloe focus (now phase) was defined by Jones on the basis of seven sites in Gregg, Harrison, and Rusk counties in East Texas, in the middle reaches of the Sabine River basin. These sites are Ware Acres (41GG31), Kinsloe (4IGG3), Susie Slade (4IHSI3), Brown I (4IHS26I), C. D. Marsh (4IHS269), Millsey Williamson (4IRK3), and Cherokee Lake (41RK132). As currently understood, these historic Caddo sites were most likely occupied by Nadaco Caddo people between ca. A.D. 1680-1800. For our purposes here, my interest is in compiling in one place the characteristic material culture items found in the known Kinsloe phase sites as a whole, even though it is recognized that the seven sites probably were not all contemporaneously occupied and some of them may date as early as the late 17th century and others may date as late as the early 19th century. This compilation will be useful in any basic comparisons that may be made between the archaeology and material culture of the Nadaco Caddo and other historic Caddo groups living in East Texas, particularly in the diverse composition of cemrnic vessel assemblages and the abundance and range of European trade goods obtained by the various Caddo groups from the French, Spanish, and English traders.

scholarly journals The Long Site (41CE330), An Ancestral Caddo Site on Box’s Creek in the Neches River Basin, Cherokee County, Texas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Perttula
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Neches River

The Long site is principally an ancestral Caddo site dating primarily to the Early Caddo period, and the Alto phase, on Box’s Creek in the Neches River basin in the East Texas Pineywoods. A few diagnostic decorated ceramic vessel sherds and radiocarbon dates also indicate that there is a Middle Caddo period (ca. A.D. 1200-1400) component there as well, along with a mid-19th century Anglo-American component on only one part of the site.

scholarly journals The Marcus Kolb Site (41CE438), Cherokee County, Texas, Part 2

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Unit ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Neches River ◽  
House Site

The Marcus Kolb site is an early to mid-19th century occupation on an upland ridge adjacent to an intemiittent tributary of Gum Creek in the upper Neches River basin in East Texas. The recovered artifacts from the site, especially black transfer-printed pearl ware sherds, a worked stoneware sherd, and possibly a cut and crimped copper-based artifact, suggested that the site could have been occupied as early as the 1820s-early 1830s, during the time when this part of East Texas was occupied by the Cherokee. The tantalizing possibility of a Cherokee Indian occupation is negated to some extent by the chronological evidence that can be drawn from the decorated whiteware sherds from the site, as the preponderance of that evidence is more consistent with a ca. 1840-1860 occupation, one that postdated the Cherokee occupation of East Texas. That would mean that the historic occupation of the Marcus Kolb site is most likely the product of an Anglo-American settlement. Subsequent to the analysis of the Marcus Kolb artifacts described above, additional historic artifacts from the site were provided for study by the Kolb family. These artifacts came from surface collections on the slope south and southwest of a test unit near what was described as a "House Site Area." The location of this area relative to the other identified archaeological deposits at the site is not known. The size of the test unit is also not known, but its coordinates (N6-8 and E 1-4 as well as W3) suggests it may have been 3 x 7ft. No depth measurements were specified for the test unit excavations.

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