scholarly journals Four collateral circulation pathways were observed after common carotid artery occlusion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianan Wang ◽  
Chengrong Zheng ◽  
Bei Hou ◽  
Aihua Huang ◽  
Xiongwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Thyrocervical Trunk ◽  
Cervical Artery

Abstract Background: Common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion (CCAO) is a rare condition. Owing to collateral circulation, ipsilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) are often patent. Methods: This study included 16 patients with unilateral CCAO and patent ipsilateral ICA and ECA. The pathways which supplied ICA were investigated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), transcranial Doppler (TCD), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Results: In all 16 patients, TCD found antegrade blood flow in ipsilateral ICA in all 16 patients, which was supplied by retrograde blood flow in ipsilateral ECA through carotid bifurcation. We call this phenomenon “ICA steal”. DSA and CTA discovered four pathways of ICA steal, including 1) ipsilateral vertebral artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 2) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk or costocervical trunk – ascending cervical artery or deep cervical artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 3) contralateral ECA – contralateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral ECA – ICA, and 4) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk – inferior thyroid artery – superior thyroid artery – ECA – ICA. Conclusions: ICA is possible to be patent and supplied by several collateral circulation pathways after CCAO.

scholarly journals Four collateral circulation pathways were observed after common carotid artery occlusion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianan Wang ◽  
Chengrong Zheng ◽  
Bei Hou ◽  
Aihua Huang ◽  
Xiongwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Thyrocervical Trunk ◽  
Cervical Artery

Abstract Background: Common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion (CCAO) is a rare condition. Owing to collateral circulation, ipsilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) are often patent. Methods: This study included 16 patients with unilateral CCAO and patent ipsilateral ICA and ECA. The pathways which supplied ICA were investigated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), transcranial Doppler (TCD), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Results: In all 16 patients, TCD found antegrade blood flow in ipsilateral ICA in all 16 patients, which was supplied by retrograde blood flow in ipsilateral ECA through carotid bifurcation. We call this phenomenon “ICA steal”. DSA and CTA discovered four pathways of ICA steal, including 1) ipsilateral vertebral artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 2) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk or costocervical trunk – ascending cervical artery or deep cervical artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 3) contralateral ECA – contralateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral ECA – ICA, and 4) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk – inferior thyroid artery – superior thyroid artery – ECA – ICA. Conclusions: ICA is possible to be patent and supplied by several collateral circulation pathways after CCAO.

scholarly journals Four collateral circulation pathways were observed after common carotid artery occlusion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianan Wang ◽  
Chengrong Zheng ◽  
Bei Hou ◽  
Aihua Huang ◽  
Xiongwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Thyrocervical Trunk ◽  
Cervical Artery

Abstract Background: Common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion (CCAO) is a rare condition. Owing to collateral circulation, ipsilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) are often patent. Methods: This study included 16 patients with unilateral CCAO and patent ipsilateral ICA and ECA. The pathways which supplied ICA were investigated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), transcranial Doppler (TCD), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Results: TCD found antegrade blood flow in ipsilateral ICA in all 16 patients, which was supplied by retrograde blood flow in ipsilateral ECA through carotid bifurcation. We call this phenomenon “ICA steal”. DSA and CTA discovered four pathways of ICA steal, including 1) ipsilateral vertebral artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 2) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk or costocervical trunk – ascending cervical artery or deep cervical artery – occipital artery – ECA – ICA, 3) contralateral ECA – contralateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral superior thyroid artery – ipsilateral ECA – ICA, and 4) ipsilateral thyrocervical trunk – inferior thyroid artery – superior thyroid artery – ECA – ICA. Conclusions: ICA is possible to be patent and supplied by several collateral circulation pathways after CCAO.

scholarly journals Bilateral anatomical variation in branching pattern of external carotid artery in a male cadaver - a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
L. Khanal ◽  
P. Baral ◽  
P. Yadav ◽  
A. Pandeya ◽  
S. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Facial Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Male Cadaver

AbstractDevelopmental anomalies in the origin and branching pattern of the external carotid artery are not common. The level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and also the variations in the origin/branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. During a routine dissection of middle aged male cadaver in department of Anatomy in BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) The clinically-relevant variations to be noted were the high origin and anomalous course of the facial artery, superior thyroid artery arising as a branch of Common Carotid artery, high origin of ascending pharyngeal artery, posterior auricular artery and direct glandular branches to the Submandibular gland. Such anatomical variations of external carotid artery are important for surgeons in surgeries of head and neck region and also for radiologists in the image interpretation of the face and neck region.

scholarly journals VARIATION IN ORIGIN OF SUPERIOR THYROID ARTERY AND ITS CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Chetan Sahni ◽  
Shivshanker S
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Arterial Variations ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Iatrogenic Damage ◽  
Unusual Origin

Thyroid surgeries are most common neck surgeries; hence thorough knowledge of the variations in blood supply of this gland to the surgeons is very important to prevent any alarming hemorrhage or iatrogenic damage. We found a variation in origin of superior thyroid artery on right side during routine dissection on an adult male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S, NewDelhi. Left superior thyroid artery was normal. Right side, superior thyroid artery was arising from common carotid artery instead of external carotid artery, just proximal to the bifurcation of common carotid artery. This variant branching pattern of superior thyroid artery is very rare. The inferior thyroid arteries did not show any unusual origin. Knowledge of such arterial variations related to the thyroid gland is immensely helpful to the surgeons to avoid damage of the vital organs in this region.

scholarly journals Trifurcation of the right common carotid artery

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
R. Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

ABSTRACTVariations in the position of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the origin or branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. Here, we report the trifurcation of the right common carotid artery in a male cadaver aged about 55 years. The right common carotid artery was found to divide into the external and internal carotids and the occipital artery. High division of bilateral common carotid arteries and a lateral position of the right external carotid artery at its origin were also observed in the same cadaver. There were two ascending pharyngeal arteries on the right side - one from the occipital artery and another from the internal carotid artery. The intraarterial approach is one of the most important routes for the administration of anticancer drugs for head and neck cancers. A profound knowledge of the anatomical characteristics and variations of the carotid artery such as its branching pattern and its position is essential to avoid complications with catheter insertion.

Direction of Blood Flow in the Internal and External Carotid Arteries Following Occlusion of the Ipsilateral Common Carotid Artery

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Tindall ◽  
Guy L. Odom ◽  
M. L. Dillon ◽  
H. B. Cupp ◽  
M. S. Mahaley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
External Carotid

Thyrocervical trunk—external carotid artery bypass for positional cerebral ischemia due to common carotid artery occlusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Melgar ◽  
Deshdeepak Sahni ◽  
Martin Weinand
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Graft Patency ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Thyrocervical Trunk ◽  
Extracranial Bypass

✓ Medically refractory positional cerebral ischemia (PCI) and concomitant orthostatic hypotension associated with chronic common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion are rare. In this technical report, the authors describe an extracranial bypass in which the thyrocervical trunk was used as a donor vessel to treat three cases of CCA occlusion with PCI. Postoperatively, although orthostatic hypotension remained, ischemia-related symptoms resolved in all three patients and long-term graft patency was demonstrated. It is possible to treat cerebral ischemia due to CCA occlusion with extracranial bypass surgery. In these patients, the thyrocervical trunk proved to be a suitable donor vessel for the reconstitution of blood flow within the external carotid artery.

The Ascending Pharyngeal Artery and its Relevance for Neurosurgical and Endovascular Procedures

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. ons114-ons120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Cavalcanti ◽  
Cassius Vinicius C. Reis ◽  
Ricardo Hanel ◽  
Sam Safavi-Abbasi ◽  
Pushpa Deshmukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Ascending Pharyngeal Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Bifurcation ◽  
The Common

Abstract Objective: The ascending pharyngeal artery (APA), a branch of the external carotid artery (ECA), supplies the lower cranial nerves, superior cervical ganglion, and nasopharyngeal structures. The APA can also supply blood to various intracranial lesions. We studied the anatomy of the APA in the context of its neurosurgical and endovascular relevance. Methods: The cervical origin, branching pattern, and course of the APA were studied in 20 human cadaveric craniocervical sides. The diameter of the APA, the extension of its main trunk, and the distance of its origin from the common carotid artery bifurcation were measured. The relationships between the APA and surrounding structures were also observed. Results: In 80% of the specimens, the APA originated from the ECA. It originated from its medial wall in 56% and from the posterior wall in 44%. The APA originated from the internal carotid artery, common carotid artery bifurcation, occipital artery, and a trunk common to the lingual and facial arteries in 5% each. The APA was usually the third branch of the ECA (40%). The mean distance from the origin of the APA to the common carotid artery bifurcation was 15.3 mm (range, 0–32; standard deviation, ± 8.3 mm). The APA was frequently the second smallest branch of the ECA (caliber, 1.54 mm; range, 1.1–2.1; standard deviation, ± 0.25 mm). Conclusion: The APA is an important channel for supplying neural structures of the posterior fossa. Knowledge of its anatomy, variants, and anastomotic channels is essential in the treatment of lesions supplied by its branches and to avoid complications related to its inadvertent injury.

scholarly journals Thyrocervical trunk–external carotid artery bypass for positional cerebral ischemia due to common carotid artery occlusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Melgar ◽  
Martin E. Weinand
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Thyrocervical Trunk ◽  
Extracranial Bypass

Medically refractory positional cerebral ischemia and concomitant orthostatic hypotension associated with chronic common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion are rare. The authors detail their experience with three cases treated exclusively by an extracranial bypass in which the thyrocervical trunk was used as the donor vessel. Postoperatively grafts were patent and symptoms resolved in all three patients, although orthostatic hypotension remained. Postural cerebral ischemia due to CCA occlusion can be treated by extracranial bypass surgery. The thyrocervical trunk is a suitable donor for reconstruction of the external carotid artery in these cases.

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