scholarly journals Functional and morphological retinal impairment following resolved chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Gawęcki ◽  
Agnieszka Jaszczuk-Maciejewska ◽  
Anna Jurska-Jaśko ◽  
Małgorzata Kneba ◽  
Andrzej Grzybowski

Abstract Purpose Central serous chorioretinopathy is a complex ocular entity that, in its chronic form, can lead to serious visual impairment and morphological damage to the retina. The aim of the current retrospective study was to evaluate the damage present after long-standing but resolved central serous chorioretinopathy. Correlations between measurable factors—for example, duration of the disease, baseline retinal morphological parameters, or patient age and/or their degree of impairment—were also assessed. Materials and methods Thirty-two eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy in which complete resolution of subretinal fluid was achieved after subthreshold micropulse laser treatment were analyzed according to final best-corrected visual acuity and retinal morphological parameters as measured by spectral optical coherence tomography with angiography option (OCTA). Results were compared with the outcomes of a control group. Statistical analysis included regarding correlation between final visual acuity and final central retinal thickness and retinal and functional parameters prior to treatment. Results Final best-corrected visual acuity after chronic central serous chorioretinopathy was 0.23 logMAR (0.6 Snellen) and central retinal thickness was 39.32 µm smaller than in controls. No correlation was found between final visual acuity and retinal thickness and duration of the disease, patient age, and baseline morphological retinal parameters. OCTA scans revealed impaired choroidal perfusion even following resolution of the disease. Conclusion Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy is a potentially damaging clinical entity that results in serious visual impairment, retinal thinning, and choroidal flow defects. No significant correlation between duration of central serous chorioretinopathy and amount of visual deficit has been found, therefore it is possible that the biggest damage occurs within the first months of active chorioretinopathy. Keywords: chronic central serous chorioretinopathy, micropulse laser, central retinal thickness, subretinal fluid

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Gawęcki ◽  
Agnieszka Jaszczuk-Maciejewska ◽  
Anna Jurska-Jaśko ◽  
Małgorzata Kneba ◽  
Andrzej Grzybowski

Abstract Purpose Central serous chorioretinopathy(CSCR) is a complex ocular entity that, in its chronic form, can lead to serious visual impairment and morphological damage to the retina. The aim of the current retrospective study was to evaluate the damage present after long-standing but resolved central serous chorioretinopathy and refer it to healthy individuals. Correlations between measurable factors—for example, duration of the disease, baseline retinal morphological parameters, or patient age and/or their degree of impairment—were also assessed. Materials and methods The study group consisted of thirty-two eyes (13 female and 19 male, mean age 49.6 years SD +/- 10.5) with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy ( mean duration 18.9 months SD +/- 15.4) in which complete resolution of subretinal fluid was achieved after subthreshold micropulse laser treatment. Inclusion criterion was a lack of subretinal fluid within the whole area of the central retina scanned by the spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The group was extracted out of 51 cases of chronic CSCR that were treated with that method. They were analyzed according to final best-corrected visual acuity and retinal morphological parameters as measured by spectral optical coherence tomography with angiography option (OCTA). Results were compared with the outcomes of a control group, which consisted of 40 eyes of healthy individuals with full distance visual acuity (0.0 logMAR, 1.0 Snellen) never treated with subthreshold micropulse laser. Statistical analysis included regarding correlation between final visual acuity and final central retinal thickness and retinal and functional parameters prior to treatment. Results Final best-corrected visual acuity after chronic central serous chorioretinopathy was 0.23 logMAR (0.6 Snellen) and central retinal thickness was 39.32 µm smaller than in controls. No correlation was found between final visual acuity and retinal thickness and duration of the disease, patient age, and baseline morphological retinal parameters. OCTA scans revealed impaired choriocapillaries flow signal even following resolution of the disease. Conclusion Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy is a potentially damaging clinical entity that results in serious visual impairment, retinal thinning, and choroidal flow defects. Further research is needed to determine precisely the timepoint of this damage.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Gawęcki ◽  
Agnieszka Jaszczuk-Maciejewska ◽  
Anna Jurska-Jaśko ◽  
Małgorzata Kneba ◽  
Andrzej Grzybowski

Abstract Purpose Central serous chorioretinopathy(CSCR) is a complex ocular entity that, in its chronic form, can lead to serious visual impairment and morphological damage to the retina. The aim of the current retrospective study was to evaluate the damage present after long-standing but resolved central serous chorioretinopathy and refer it to healthy individuals. Correlations between measurable factors—for example, duration of the disease, baseline retinal morphological parameters, or patient age and/or their degree of impairment—were also assessed. Materials and methods The study group consisted of thirty-two eyes (13 female and 19 male, mean age 49.6 years SD +/- 10.5) with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy ( mean duration 18.9 months SD +/- 15.4) in which complete resolution of subretinal fluid was achieved after subthreshold micropulse laser treatment. Inclusion criterion was a lack of subretinal fluid within the whole area of the central retina scanned by the spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The group was extracted out of 51 cases of chronic CSCR that were treated with that method. They were analyzed according to final best-corrected visual acuity and retinal morphological parameters as measured by spectral optical coherence tomography with angiography option (OCTA). Results were compared with the outcomes of a control group, which consisted of 40 eyes of healthy individuals with full distance visual acuity (0.0 logMAR, 1.0 Snellen) never treated with subthreshold micropulse laser. Statistical analysis included regarding correlation between final visual acuity and final central retinal thickness and retinal and functional parameters prior to treatment. Results Final best-corrected visual acuity after chronic central serous chorioretinopathy was 0.23 logMAR (0.6 Snellen) and central retinal thickness was 39.32 µm smaller than in controls. No correlation was found between final visual acuity and retinal thickness and duration of the disease, patient age, and baseline morphological retinal parameters. OCTA scans revealed impaired choriocapillaries flow signal even following resolution of the disease. Conclusion Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy is a potentially damaging clinical entity that results in serious visual impairment, retinal thinning, and choroidal flow defects. Further research is needed to determine precisely the timepoint of this damage.


Author(s):  
Jay Chhablani ◽  
Gagan Kalra ◽  
Lubna Alkwatli ◽  
Bernd Fassbender ◽  
Francesca Amoroso ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Subthreshold microsecond pulsing laser is an increasingly common treatment approach for central serous chorioretinopathy. However, there is no literature available on the safety of microsecond laser using different fluence settings in this disease. While many publications can be obtained from conventional microsecond pulsing lasers, few parameter sets are published with the navigated microsecond pulsing laser. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the safety of different parameter sets in subthreshold microsecond pulsing laser treatments. Methods In this retrospective chart review, consecutive patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (> 3 months duration of symptoms) treated with navigated subthreshold microsecond pulsing laser and a follow up of at least five months after microsecond laser application were included. For each patient, the treatment parameters, plan layout, and adverse events related to laser were evaluated. Secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity and anatomical improvements (central retinal thickness). Results One hundred and one eyes were included in the observation and followed for a mean of 10 months (range 5–36). Although a larger range of parameter sets and fluence settings have been used, no patient demonstrated adverse events from navigated microsecond pulsing laser. While 88% of the cases demonstrated stability, 13 cases lost five or more letters due to the persistence of the subretinal fluid. In mean, a best-corrected visual acuity improvement of 0.07logMar (± 0.2) was seen (p = 0.02). In 51% of the patients, a statistically significant improvement of the central retinal thickness was noted at the last follow-up with a mean thickness reduction of 70 µm (± 143) (p < 0.01). Conclusion In conclusion, none of the used parameter sets lead to tissue damage (when using a cautious titration) and, in summary, lead to an improvement in subretinal fluid and improvement in visual acuity. However, further prospective studies are needed to correctly identify the dependency of the treatment strategy on the outcome criteria.


2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212095264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Fraenkel ◽  
Shady Suffo ◽  
Achim Langenbucher ◽  
Berthold Seitz ◽  
Alaa Din Abdin

Purpose: To assess the morphological and functional outcome of oral eplerenone for treatment of patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) in a real life experience. Patients and methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the clinical files of 30 patients with chronic CSC. All patients were treated with eplerenone for a period of 6 weeks or 3 months depending on the clinical response. Main outcome measures included: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and height of the subretinal fluid (SRF). Comparisons between responders and non-responders were performed to identify factors that were predictive of the treatment response. Results: All patients were treated with eplerenone 18 ± 20 weeks after onset of the first symptoms. BCVA (LogMAR) improved from 0.2 ± 0.2 to 0.13 ± 0.18 at 6 weeks ( p = 0.01) and to 0.09 ± 0.15 at 3 months ( p = 0.01). Mean CMT decreased from 409 ± 136 to 323 ± 87 µm at 6 weeks ( p = 0.001) and to 298 ± 98 µm at 3 months ( p = 0.01). Mean height of SRF decreased from 153 ± 126 to 73 ± 79 µm at 6 weeks ( p = 0.001) and to 49 ± 88 µm at 3 months ( p = 0.005). Complete resolution of SRF was achieved in 20 patients after 3 months (67%). Reported stress in the medical history was the only statistical significant predictive factor associated with a positive treatment response. Conclusion: This study showed a statistically significant improvement of the best corrected visual acuity and a significant reduction of macular thickness and subretinal fluid in patients with chronic CSC treated with oral eplerenone, especially in patients under stress.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-82
Author(s):  
Andrew Lotery ◽  
Sobha Sivaprasad ◽  
Abby O’Connell ◽  
Rosie A Harris ◽  
Lucy Culliford ◽  
...  

Background In chronic central serous chorioretinopathy, fluid accumulates in the subretinal space and causes permanent vision loss in ≈ 30% of patients. There is no definitive treatment. Previous research suggests that the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone is effective but it is not licensed for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Objectives The objective was to evaluate whether or not eplerenone was safe and superior to placebo for treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. We also aimed to set up a biobank of DNA, serum and plasma samples from treatment-naive participants for future research. Design The trial was a parallel, randomised (1 : 1 ratio), multicentre, double-masked, placebo-controlled superiority trial comparing eplerenone plus usual care with placebo plus usual care. Participants were randomly allocated to eplerenone or placebo using a secure online system that returned a unique number corresponding to a bottle of the investigational medicinal product. Participants, clinical care teams, pharmacists, outcome assessors and the trial management group were masked. Setting The trial took place in 22 NHS hospitals in the UK. Participants Eligible participants were patients aged 18–60 years with treatment-naive chronic central serous chorioretinopathy of at least 4 months’ duration, a best corrected visual acuity score of 54–85 letters and no other conditions affecting visual acuity or contraindications to taking eplerenone or placebo. Interventions The intervention was oral eplerenone (25 mg/day for 1 week, increased to 50 mg/day for up to 12 months). Placebo was a lactose-filled capsule that appeared identical to the overencapsulated eplerenone tablets. To maintain blinding, participants in the placebo group followed the same dose escalation schedule as the eplerenone group. Usual care was included in both groups and was administered at the discretion of clinicians. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was best corrected visual acuity score at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were low-luminance visual acuity, central subfield retinal thickness, change in subretinal fluid thickness, systemic and ocular adverse events, macular atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, subfoveal choroidal thickness, choroidal permeability, resolution of subretinal fluid, time to recurrence of subretinal fluid, fundus fluorescein angiography phenotype, incidence of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy in the fellow eye, and patient-reported visual function. Results Between 11 January 2017 and 22 February 2018, 57 participants were randomised to eplerenone and 57 to placebo; 57 and 54 participants, respectively, were included in the analysis of the primary outcome. The modelled mean best corrected visual acuity score at 12 months in the eplerenone and placebo groups was 80.4 letters (standard deviation 4.6 letters) and 79.5 letters (standard deviation 4.5 letters), with an estimated difference between groups of 1.73 letters (95% confidence interval –1.12 to 4.57 letters; p = 0.24). Hyperkalaemia occurred in eight participants in each group (14%). No serious adverse events occurred in the eplerenone group; three unrelated serious adverse events occurred in the placebo group. Limitations Limitations included the inability to prevent co-treatments and discontinuation of the investigational medicinal product in the event of resolution or hyperkalaemia. Conclusions Eplerenone was safe but not superior to placebo in improving best corrected visual acuity in people with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy during 12 months of follow-up. In future work, ophthalmologists should investigate alternative treatments for this condition, which remains complicated to treat. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN92746680. Funding This project was funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) Programme, a MRC and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) partnership. This will be published in full in Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation; Vol. 8, No. 2. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emin Özmert ◽  
Sibel Demirel ◽  
Özge Yanık ◽  
Figen Batıoğlu

Purpose. To compare the efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse yellow wavelength laser (SMYL) and low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).Methods. Thirty-three eyes of 30 patients with chronic CSC received either PDT (18 eyes) or SMYL (15 eyes) therapy. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subretinal fluid (SRF) height, and central macular thickness (CMT) were evaluated at the baseline visit and one, three, six, nine, and 12 months after the therapy.Results. After 12 months, mean BCVA improved from67.3±14.2to71.5±21.4ETDRS letters in SMYL group and from60.7±16.3to64.4±24.9ETDRS letters in PDT group (p=0.285andp=0.440, resp.). Mean CMT decreased from242.8±80 μm to156.9±60 μm in the PDT group and from287.3±126 μm to138.0±40 μm in the SMYL group (p=0.098andp=0.003, resp.). SRF resolved completely in 72.2% and 80.0% of the eyes in the PDT and SMYL groups, respectively. Mean SRF height decreased from117.2±58 μm to31.3±56 μm in the PDT group and from130.0±104 μm to12.5±21 μm in the SMYL group (p=0.031andp=0.014, resp.).Conclusions. Subthreshold micropulse yellow wavelength laser seems to be effective in the treatment of chronic CSC without any side effect and results in the resorption of SRF without causing visible retinal scarring.


2015 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Scholz ◽  
Lebriz Ersoy ◽  
Camiel J.F. Boon ◽  
Sascha Fauser

Purpose: To assess treatment with a 577-nm subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC). Methods: This retrospective study included 38 patients treated with a 577-nm SML (Supra Scan; Quantel Medical) for cCSC. We included a subgroup of 18 patients with persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) after photodynamic therapy (PDT). Assessment included visual acuity (VA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and resolution of SRF. Results: At the last follow-up (mean 5 months), 74% of patients responded to therapy. The CRT decreased after treatment (mean CRT -115 µm, p < 0.001) and VA improved (mean logMAR -0.06, p = 0.039). No laser burns were detected with any imaging modality. In the subgroup of patients resistant to PDT, 61% of patients responded to therapy with a decrease in CRT (mean CRT -75 µm, p = 0.019). Conclusions: The 577-nm SML is an effective treatment for cCSC even in patients without sufficient improvement after PDT.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Shamim Kashif ◽  
Najia Uzair ◽  
Lubna Feroz ◽  
Asaad Mehmood

Purpose:  To find the effectiveness of sub-threshold (810nm) micropulse diode laser treatment (SMT) in chronic central serous retinopathy (CSR). Study Design:  Interventional case series. Place and Duration of Study:  Layton Rahmatulla benevolent trust eye hospital, from April 2019 to July 2020. Methods:  The patients of chronic CSR (≥ 6 months) participated in the study. We used Spectral Domain Optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to record baseline central retinal thickness (CT). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded with Snellen’s chart and converted to Log MAR for statistical analysis. All patients underwent treatment with sub-threshold laser (810nm) in micropulse mode with 5% duty cycle (DC). Results:  Twenty five eyes with chronic CSR were enrolled in the study. The patients were treated with laser and final assessment was made at 6 months. Mean BCVA at presentation was 0.46 Log MAR ± 0.12 and a mean baseline CT of 362.2 μm ± 32.6µm. At final follow-up there was a mean decrease in CT of 97.2 μm ± 21.8 from the baseline. After treatment mean BCVA was 0.33 Log MAR ± 0.12 and mean CT was 266 μm ± 20.9. Nineteen out of twenty-five eyes (76%) achieved a gain of vision between 1 to 3 lines and gain of 3 lines was achieved in 8% of cases. At the final follow-up there was incomplete resolution of sub retinal fluid in 4 eyes (16%) with no improvement in BCVA. Conclusion:  SMT (810 nm) is an effective and minimally invasive treatment modality for chronic CSR. Key Words:  Sub-Threshold micropulse laser, Central serous retinopathy, Central retinal thickness, sub retinal fluid.


2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Minhee Kim ◽  
Seung Hee Jeon ◽  
Ji-young Lee ◽  
Seung-hoon Lee ◽  
Young-jung Roh

This retrospective study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of selective retina therapy (SRT) with real-time feedback-controlled dosimetry (RFD) for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to evaluate factors predictive of treatment response. We included 137 eyes of 135 patients with chronic CSC. SRT was performed to cover each of the leakage areas on fundus fluorescein angiography. Changes in mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and subretinal fluid (SRF) height were evaluated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Complete SRF resolution was observed in 52.6% (72/137 eyes) and 90.5% (124/137 eyes) at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Mean BCVA (logMAR) significantly improved from 0.41 ± 0.31 at baseline to 0.33 ± 0.31 at month 6 (p < 0.001). Mean CMT significantly decreased from 347.67 ± 97.38 μm at baseline to 173.42 ± 30.95 μm at month 6 (p < 0.001). Mean SRF height significantly decreased from 187.85 ± 97.56 µm at baseline to 8.60 ± 31.29 µm after 6 months (p < 0.001). Baseline SRF height was a significant predictive factor for retreatment requirement (p = 0.008). In conclusion, SRT showed favorable anatomical outcomes in patients with chronic CSC. A higher baseline SRF height was a risk factor for retreatment.


Author(s):  
Katarzyna Michalska-Małecka ◽  
Dorota Śpiewak ◽  
Dorota Luksa

The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in best corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness, area and flow in the neovascular membrane and to compare therapeutic outcomes from baseline in patients who received three doses of Beovu (brolucizumab) at three-month follow-up. Material and methods: A prospective observational study conducted at the Prof. K. Gibiński University Clinical Center of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice. Eight patients with exudative form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were observed. Results: The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcome increased with each subsequent visit. The mean central retinal thickness (CRT) result also improved (decreased) with each subsequent visit, except for the last measurement. A statistically significant change in neovascular membrane area was observed after the first injection. In further treatment, the membrane area underwent changes that were not statistically significant. A statistically significant change in neovascular membrane flow was demonstrated after the first and second injections. Discussion: Our study confirmed the efficacy of brolucizumab in the treatment of patients with exudative AMD in terms of improvements in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), neovascular membrane area, and neovascular membrane flow area.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document