scholarly journals Peptidylglycine α-Amidating Monooxygenase And Adrenomedullin Measurement In Cirrhosis Suggesting Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens P. Goetze ◽  
Andrei Voiosu ◽  
Signe Wiese ◽  
Janin Schulte ◽  
Paul Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Endothelial Integrity ◽  
Net Release

Abstract Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is a processing enzyme involved in maturation of regulatory peptides. One product of PAM activity is adrenomedullin (bio-ADM), which regulates vascular tone and endothelial integrity. In this study, we examined PAM activity and bio-ADM concentrations in patients with various degrees of hepatic cirrhosis including the role of the liver in net release of the two markers. We enrolled 48 patients with cirrhosis and 16 control subjects: The patients were evenly distributed according to the Child-Turcotte classification. PAM activity was progressively increased in cirrhotic patients but without a net release across the liver, leg, or kidney. In contrast, bio-ADM concentrations were not only associated to severity of disease but also found to be directly released by the liver. Given the major expression of PAM in the heart, we propose that increased PAM activity in plasma from patients with cirrhosis may reflect cardiac involvement, e.g. cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.

scholarly journals Modulation of vascular tone by endothelin-1: role of preload, endothelial integrity and concentration of endothelin-1

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Mehta ◽  
D.L. Lawson ◽  
B.C. Yang ◽  
P. Mehta ◽  
W.W. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Endothelial Integrity

Pathophysiology of Thrombosis in Peripheral Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Habib ◽  
Giovanna Petrucci ◽  
Bianca Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Antithrombotic Agents ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Vasoactive Mediators ◽  
Artery Disease

<P>Under physiological conditions, peripheral arteries release endogenous vascular-protective and antithrombotic agents. Endothelial cells actively synthesize vasoactive mediators, which regulate vascular tone and platelet reactivity thus preventing thrombosis. Atherosclerosis disrupts homeostasis and favours thrombosis by triggering pro-thrombotic responses in the vessels, platelet activation, aggregation as well as vasoconstriction, phenomena that ultimately lead to symptomatic lumen restriction or complete occlusion. <P> In the present review, we will discuss the homeostatic role of arterial vessels in releasing vascular-protective agents, such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin, the role of pro- and anti-thrombotic vascular receptors as well as the contribution of circulating platelets and coagulation factors in triggering the pro-thrombotic response(s). We will discuss the pathological consequences of disrupting the protective pathways in the arteries and the pharmacological interventions along these pathways.</P>

Cardiac involvement in antiphospholipid syndrome: The diagnostic role of noninvasive cardiac imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie I. Mavrogeni ◽  
Petros P. Sfikakis ◽  
George D. Kitas ◽  
Genovefa Kolovou ◽  
Maria G. Tektonidou
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Role

The Role of Vascular Tone in the Control of Upper Airway Collapsibility

1990 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Wasicko ◽  
Douglas A. Hutt ◽  
Richard A. Parisi ◽  
Judith A. Neubauer ◽  
Reuben Mezrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Airway Collapsibility ◽  
Upper Airway Collapsibility

Cardiac Involvement in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy: Role of a Diagnostic Pacemaker

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1721-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER RAKOVEC ◽  
JANEZ ZIDAR ◽  
MATJAŽ ŠINKOVEC ◽  
IGOR ZUPAN ◽  
ALEŠ BRECELJ
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Cardiac Involvement

scholarly journals Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presenting as a severe peripartum cardiogenic shock: Role of myocardial biopsy and assist device for diagnosis and resuscitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. NP8-NP9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Champion ◽  
Dominique Belcour ◽  
Bernard Alex Gaüzère
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Myocardial Biopsy ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura

We describe the case of a peripartum thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with fulminant cardiogenic shock treated with extracorporeal life support. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura should be considered in the case of thrombotic microangiopathy with several or severe organ involvement and needs emergent treatment with plasmapheresis (with or without rituximab). In the case of cardiac involvement, aggressive treatment should be considered given the high mortality and the potential complete recovery.

Systemic hypotension and diuresis byL-arginine in cirrhotic patients with ascites: Role of nitric oxide

Hepatology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1430-1435
Author(s):  
Kazuo Tajiri ◽  
Happei Miyakawa ◽  
Namiki Izumi ◽  
Fumiaki Marumo ◽  
Chifumi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Systemic Hypotension ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

scholarly journals NADPH oxidase-derived ROS and the regulation of pulmonary vessel tone

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (11) ◽  
pp. H2166-H2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Frazziano ◽  
H. C. Champion ◽  
P. J. Pagano
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Vessel ◽  
Major Emphasis

Pulmonary vessel constriction results from an imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors released by the endothelium including nitric oxide, endothelin, prostanoids, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS, generated by a variety of enzymatic sources (such as mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, a.k.a. Nox), appear to play a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, whereas elevated levels effect vascular disease. The pulmonary circulation is very sensitive to changes in the partial pressure of oxygen and differs from the systemic circulation in its response to this change. In fact, the pulmonary vessels contract in response to low oxygen tension, whereas systemic vessels dilate. Growing evidence suggests that ROS production and ROS-related pathways may be key factors that underlie this differential response to oxygen tension. A major emphasis of our laboratory is the role of Nox isozymes in cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will focus our attention on the role of Nox-derived ROS in the control of pulmonary vascular tone.

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