Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

Abstract Background: It has been recognized that certain amount of habitat disturbance is a prerequisite for occurrence of natural hybridization, yet we are currently still not aware of any studies exploring hybridization and reproductive barriers to those plants preferably occupying disturbed habitats. Buddleja plants (also called butterfly bush) generally grow in disturbed habitat, and several species with hybrid origin only on basis of morphology evidence have been proposed. Results: In the present study, we test the natural hybridization origin hypothesis of B. × wardii in two sympatric populations of three taxa including B. × wardii and its parents (B. alternifolia and B. crispa) plus 4 referenced parental populations, using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sites B. × wardii was likely to be hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, and moreover, most of the hybrids examined were confirmed to be F1s. This was further supported by morphology as no transgressive characters were detected. B. crispa was found to be the maternal parent in Bahe (BH) population from the cpDNA. While in the Taji (TJ) population was difficult to distinguish the hybridization direction due to the shared haplotypes of cpDNA between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, we still predicted the similar unidirectional hybridization pattern due to results from cross-specific pollination treatments which supported the “SI x SC rule”. Conclusions: Hybrids mainly consisting of F1s can successfully impede gene flow and thus maintain species boundaries of parental species in its typical distribution of Buddleja, i.e. disturbed habitats.

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Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-02909-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rongli Liao ◽

Weibang Sun ◽

Yongpeng Ma

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Intergenic Spacers ◽

Hybridization Origin ◽

Butterfly Bush ◽

Disturbed Habitats

AbstractBackgroundIt has been recognized that a certain amount of habitat disturbance is a facilitating factor for the occurrence of natural hybridization, yet to date we are unaware of any studies exploring hybridization and reproductive barriers in those plants preferentially occupying disturbed habitats.Buddlejaplants (also called butterfly bush) generally do grow in disturbed habitats, and several species with hybrid origin have been proposed, based solely on morphological evidence.ResultsIn the present study, we test the hypothesis thatB. × wardiiis of natural hybridization origin in two sympatric populations of three taxa includingB. × wardiiand its parents (B. alternifoliaandB. crispa) plus 4 referenced parental populations, using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sitesB. × wardiiis likely to be a hybrid betweenB. alternifoliaandB. crispa, and moreover, we confirm that most of the hybrids examined are F1s. That these plants are F1s is further supported by morphology, as no transgressive characters were detected.B. crispawas found to be the maternal parent in the Bahe (BH) population, from cpDNA evidence. However, in the Taji (TJ) population, the direction of hybridization was difficult to establish due to the shared cpDNA haplotypes betweenB. alternifoliaandB. crispa, however we still predicted a similar unidirectional hybridization pattern due to results from cross-specific pollination treatments which supported the “SI × SC rule”.ConclusionsThe presence of mainly F1hybrids can successfully impede gene flow and thus maintain species boundaries in parental species in a typical distribution ofBuddleja, i.e. in disturbed habitats.

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Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42245/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rongli Liao ◽

Weibang Sun ◽

Yongpeng Ma

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Isolation ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Evolutionary Significance ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

Intergenic Spacers

Abstract Background: F1 hybrids acting as a bridgehead for producing later generation hybrids can have evolutionary significance through strengthening reproductive isolation or facilitating gene flow between parental species, depending on whether backcrossing can occur. It had been suggested that the Tibetan plant Buddleja wardii was a hybrid species between B. alternifolia and B. crispa based on their sympatric distributions and the morphological characters in last century. Till now however, we still have limited evidence to prove key issues to B. wardii, like if it is of hybrid origin indeed and whether it is currently a true hybrid species already.Results: In the present study, two sympatric populations of these three taxa were examined and compared using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sites B. × wardii was likely to be a hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, and moreover, most of the hybrids present were confirmed to be F1s. This was further supported by morphology as no transgressive characters were detected. B. crispa was found to be the maternal parent in one population (BH), while in the second population (TJ), it was difficult to distinguish the hybridization direction due to shared haplotypes of cpDNA between B. alternifolia and B. crispa. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the natural hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa mainly comprise F1 hybrids, which have subsequently been given the name B. wardii. The F1 hybrids have also contributed to strong reproductive isolation between parental species.

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Natural Hybridization between Two Butterfly Bushes in Tibet: Dominance of F1 Hybrids Promotes Strong Reproductive Isolation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42245/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rongli Liao ◽

Weibang Sun ◽

Yongpeng Ma

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Isolation ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Evolutionary Significance ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

Intergenic Spacers

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Molecular evidence for the hybrid origin of Rosa lichiangensis (Rosaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.222.3.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 222 (3) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhangming Zhu ◽

Xinfen Gao

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Single Copy ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Nuclear Marker

Natural hybridization was assumed to play a significant role in the diversification of Rosa. Rosa lichiangensis was suspected to be of hybrid origin based on its intermediate morphological characters between R. soulieana and R. multiflora var. cathayensis. In this study, four chloroplast regions (ndhC-trnV, ndhF-rpl32, ndhJ-trnF, and psbJ-petA) and a single copy nuclear marker (GAPDH) were used to test the hybrid origin of R. lichiangensis. The results from molecular data supported the hybrid origin of R. lichiangensis and further identified R. soulieana as its maternal progenitor and R. multiflora var. cathayensis as the paternal progenitor.

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The identity of Erica flavisepala

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v12i2.1395 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 195-197

Author(s):

E. G. H. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Putative Hybrid ◽

Sympatric Populations

The recording of a few scattered plants of E. flavisepala Guth. Bol. among sympatric populations of two other species led to a comparison of their morphological characters. From this comparison a putative hybrid origin was indicated, thus E. x flavisepala Guth. Bol.=E. thunbergii Montin X E. sphaerocephala Wendl.

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The identity of Erica vinacea and notes on hybridization in Erica

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v16i1.1058 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 35-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. G. H. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Putative Hybrid ◽

Sympatric Populations

The rediscovery of Erica vinacea L. Bol. among sympatric populations of two other species led to a comparison of their morphological characters. Results of this study indicate a putative hybrid origin: E. x vinacea L. Bol. = E. fastigiata L. x E. fervida L. Bol.

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Cytology, fertility, and origin of Elymus abolinii (Drob.) Tzvelev and its F1 hybrids with Pseudoroegneria spicata, E. lanceolatus, E. dentatus ssp. ugamicus, and E. drobovii (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g89-470 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 468-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kevin B. Jensen

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Pairing ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Intergeneric Hybrids ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Direct Measure ◽

Species Hybrid ◽

Pseudoroegneria Spicata ◽

Hybrid Complex

Chromosome pairing and hybrid fertility provide a direct measure of phylogenetic relationships between different taxa. Five accessions of Elymus abolinii (Drob.) Tzvelev were studied to (i) determine their reproductive characteristics; (ii) describe phylogenetic relationships and genomic affinities through chromosome pairing and fertility in the species and species hybrid complex with closely related taxa; (iii) evaluate the morphological variation between related taxa; and (iv) propose a possible origin for E. abolinii. Interspecific and intergeneric hybrids with E. abolinii were obtained from the following "analyzer" parents: Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love, E. lanceolatus (Scribn. &Smith) Gould, E. dentatus (Hook, f.) Tzvelev ssp. ugamicus (Drob.) Tzvelev, and E. drobovii (Nevski) Tzvelev. The results showed that E. abolinii is an allotetraploid forming 14 bivalents in 95% of the cells, and it is self-fertilizing. Chromosome pairing within the species hybrid complex demonstrated that E. abolinii comprises the S and Y genomes, with close affinities to other eastern Chinese taxa that comprise the S and Y genomes. Multivariate analysis of morphological characters supports the hypothesis that E. abolinii originated from a natural hybridization between E. dentatus ssp. ugamicus and E. gmelinii Ledeb.) Tzvelev, followed by a possible backcross with E. dentatus ssp. ugamicus.Key words: genome, meiosis, chromosome pairing, morphology, hybrid, Triticeae.

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Identification of Natural Hybrids between Ahlbergia frivaldszkyi (Lederer, 1853) and Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear Markers

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12121124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1124

Author(s):

Nazar A. Shapoval ◽

Roman V. Yakovlev ◽

Galina N. Kuftina ◽

Vladimir A. Lukhtanov ◽

Svyatoslav A. Knyazev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Genetic Introgression ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽

Phylogenetic Studies ◽

Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽

Evolutionary Consequences

Natural hybridization is rather widespread and common in animals and can have important evolutionary consequences. In terms of taxonomy, exploring hybridization and introgression is crucial in defining species boundaries and testing taxonomic hypotheses. In the present paper, we report on natural hybrid specimens between Ahlbergia frivaldszkyi (Lederer, 1853) and Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus, 1758). To test the hypothesis of their hybrid origin, we employed the molecular mitochondrial (COI gene) and nuclear (wingless, RPS5, and Ca-ATPase genes) markers commonly used in phylogenetic studies and explored the morphology of the specimens. Our analysis revealed that hybrids bear mitochondrial haplotypes of C. rubi, while nuclear fragments are heterozygous, sharing a combination of A. frivaldszkyi and C. rubi lineages. The hybrid specimens combine morphological characters of both genera. Our results for the first time empirically demonstrate the possibility of genetic introgression between these species and between the genera Callophrys and Ahlbergia on the whole.

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Natural hybridization and introgression between Rana nigromaculata and Rana porosa porosa in central Japan

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/156853897x00134 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Masayuki Sumida ◽

Tatsuo Ishihara

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Gene Introgression ◽

Central Japan ◽

Backcross Hybrid ◽

Rana Nigromaculata ◽

Frog Species ◽

Hybridization And Introgression

AbstractIn order to elucidate the extent of natural hybridization and gene introgression between two Japanese pond frog species, Rana nigromaculata and Rana porosa porosa, 16 pond frogs from the Sengokuhara population in the Hakone district in central Japan were analyzed for morphological characters, allozymes, mtDNA and reproductive capacity. The results revealed that they consisted of pure Rana nigromaculata, F1 hybrids and a backcross hybrid.

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Variation and Natural Hybridization in the Conostylis aculeata R.Br. Species Group Near Dawesville, Western Australia

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9770395 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 395 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

SD Hopper

Keyword(s):

Coastal Plain ◽

Habitat Preferences ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Species Group ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Hybrid Index ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Index Analysis ◽

Swan River

Variation was studied in allopatric and sympatric populations of Conostylis aculeata R.Br., C. candicans Endl., and C. pauciflora Hopper near Dawesville, on the Swan River Coastal Plain. When in allopatry the three species were found to be morphologically similar but distinguishable by hybrid index analysis. They also showed variable but overlapping habitat preferences. C. paucifora was morphologically intermediate between C. aculeata and a coastal ecotype of C. candicans. Sympatric populations of two pairs of species, C. candicans-C. aculeata and C. pauciflora-C. aculeata, contained intermediate hybrids with slightly reduced pollen fertility relative to the parents. Hybrid populations were confined to ruderal habitats. Ecological factors appeared to be primary in maintaining isolation between the species, since indiscriminate pollination occurred in sympatric populations, and hybrids were abundant and fertile. The taxonomic and evolutionary implications of natural hybridization in the C. aculeata group, including the possibility of a hybrid origin of C. pauciflora, are discussed.

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