scholarly journals Acute Flaccid Paralysis: A Registry-based Study of Demographic, Clinical, and Diagnostic Characteristics of Children in a Referral Center in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Tavasoli ◽  
Roxana Pazouki ◽  
Sareh Hosseinpour ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi ◽  
Masood Ghahvechi Akbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Approach ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Guillain Barré

Abstract Background: Acute Flaccid Paralysis(AFP) is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute progressive weakness in limbs and respiratory and swallowing muscles. Etiologies of AFP mostly include infections in anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS), transverse myelitis, viral myositis, myasthenia gravis and botulism. An accurate and early diagnosis of AFP is crucial. The aims of this study were to determine the main etiologies and characteristics of AFP in children and also design a diagnostic approach for AFP based on a hospital-based registry system.Method: This retrospective, cross-sectional study is a five-years survey, from 2011 to 2016 in Children’s Medical Center as the main children referral hospital in Iran. Totally 118 patients who had met AFP ICD-10- CM and inclusion criteria were included. All clinical and Paracinical data were collected based on a prepared questionnaire for the study.Result: The mean age of the patients was 6.09 ± 3.60 years old. The most frequent underlying etiologies were GBS, viral myositis and Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis(VAPP) accounting for 67.8%, 15.3% and 5% of the patients, respectively. In terms of preceding clinical symptoms coryza, fever and gastrointestinal symptoms were more common. The most common neurologic presenting symptom was motor dysfunction. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis mainly indicated increase level of protein in favor of GBS. Elevated Creatine kinase level with the mean of 2184 IU/L has been reported in patients with viral myositis. Brain imaging principally revealed normal results and spinal MRI findings were compatible with the diagnoses of GBS and transvers myelitis. All stool sample results for polio virus detection were negative.Conclusion: In this study, we determined the etiologies of AFP in Iranian children referred to Children’s Medical Center. Guillain-Barre syndrome, viral myositis, transverse myelitis and VAPP were the most common etiologies. We also recommended a diagnostic approach for AFP in pediatric population regards to main etiologies in emergency room of a children referral hospital.

scholarly journals Zika virus infection causes temporary paralysis in adult mice with motor neuron synaptic retraction and evidence for proximal peripheral neuropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Morrey ◽  
Alexandre L. R. Oliveira ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Katherine Zukor ◽  
Mateus Vidigal de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

AbstractClinical evidence is mounting that Zika virus can contribute to Guillain-Barré syndrome which causes temporary paralysis, yet the mechanism is unknown. We investigated the mechanism of temporary acute flaccid paralysis caused by Zika virus infection in aged interferon αβ-receptor knockout mice used for their susceptibility to infection. Twenty-five to thirty-five percent of mice infected subcutaneously with Zika virus developed motor deficits including acute flaccid paralysis that peaked 8-10 days after viral challenge. These mice recovered within a week. Despite Zika virus infection in the spinal cord, motor neurons were not destroyed. We examined ultrastructures of motor neurons and synapses by transmission electron microscopy. The percent coverage of motor neurons by boutons was reduced by 20%; more specifically, flattened-vesicle boutons were reduced by 46%, and were normalized in recovering mice. Using electromyographic procedures employed in people to help diagnose Guillain-Barré syndrome, we determined that nerve conduction velocities between the sciatic notch and the gastrocnemius muscle were unchanged in paralyzed mice. However, F-wave latencies were increased in paralyzed mice, which suggests that neuropathy may exist between the sciatic notch to the nerve rootlets. Reversible synaptic retraction may be a previously unrecognized cofactor along with peripheral neuropathy for the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome during Zika virus outbreaks.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Children under 15 Years Old in Southwest Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Momen ◽  
Abdolhussein Shakurnia
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
National Database ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy, which has become the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis. An accurate estimation of GBS occurrence would be useful for investigating the potential causal relationships between risk factors and GBS. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence, annual time trend, and some epidemiological aspects of GBS in children in the Southwest of Iran. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted by the Department of Pediatrics of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences from January 2006 to December 2015. We extracted data from the national database of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System. Results: A total of 184 subjects with GBS were assessed. The mean age of subjects was 5.43 ± 4.07 years. The average annual incidence rate of GBS was 1.51 per 100,000 children under 15 years old (95% CI: 1.29-1.73). There was no significant statistical difference in GBS incidence rate between girls and boys (p = 0.376). The highest and lowest proportions of the GBS occurrences were in autumn (32.2%) and summer (14.7%), respectively. Conclusions: The findings indicated that the annual incidence rate of GBS in this study was similar to those in other studies in this area.

P-PN020. Acute flaccid paralysis: Guillain-Barré Syndrome mimics

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
pp. e111-e112
Author(s):  
Si-Lei Fong ◽  
Mohamad Imran Idris ◽  
Stefanie Kar-Yan Hung ◽  
Benjamin Han-Sim Ng ◽  
Kheng-Chiew Chooi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Epidemiology of Childhood Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Cause of Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Honduras: 1989—1999

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco R. Molinero ◽  
Daniel Varon ◽  
Kenton R. Holden ◽  
John T. Sladky ◽  
Ida B. Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

scholarly journals Paraparetic Guillain‐Barre syndrome: An uncommon diagnosis of acute flaccid paralysis of the lower limbs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajjwol Luitel ◽  
Nischal Neupane ◽  
Niranjan Adhikari ◽  
Sujan Paudel ◽  
Bikram Prasad Gajurel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré
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