Counting Rivals or Measuring Share: Modeling Unilateral Effects for Merger Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Coate
Keyword(s):  
Unilateral Effects ◽  
Merger Analysis

Critical Efficiencies as Upward Pricing Pressure with Feedback Effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Neurohr
Keyword(s):  
Bertrand Competition ◽  
Horizontal Mergers ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Unilateral Effects ◽  
Merger Analysis ◽  
The Way

AbstractFarrell and Shapiro’s upward pricing pressure (‘UPP’) is widely used in merger analysis due to its intuitiveness, despite not accounting for the interdependence between the merging firms’ pricing incentives (‘feedback effects’). However, ignoring feedback effects can have an impact on the way competition authorities rank mergers. The main result of this article is that UPP with feedback effects is equivalent to Werden’s critical efficiencies. Importantly, this link allows for the derivation of an expression that combines the intuition of UPP as the ‘value of diverted sales’ with the accuracy of critical efficiencies. Throughout, the focus is on the static unilateral effects of horizontal mergers with differentiated Bertrand competition.

The Use of Natural Experiments in Merger Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Coate
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Merger Analysis

Why Can’t We All Just Get Along: Structural Modeling and Natural Experiments in Merger Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Coate ◽  
Jeffrey H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Merger Analysis

Measuring Unilateral Effects in Partial Acquisitions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duarte Brito ◽  
Ricardo Ribeiro ◽  
Helder Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Unilateral Effects ◽  
Partial Acquisitions

Quantitative Methods for Evaluating the Unilateral Effects of Mergers

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-177
Author(s):  
Nathan H. Miller ◽  
Gloria Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Unilateral Effects

Horizontal merger analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 102714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Kaplow
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Merger ◽  
Merger Analysis

scholarly journals Mergers with Differentiated Products: Where Do We Stand?

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-212
Author(s):  
Tommaso Valletti ◽  
Hans Zenger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Horizontal Merger ◽  
10Th Anniversary ◽  
Merger Guidelines ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Unilateral Effects ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Differentiated Product Markets

AbstractOn the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the 2010 U.S. Horizontal Merger Guidelines, this article provides an overview of the state of economic analysis of unilateral effects in mergers with differentiated products. Drawing on our experience with merger enforcement in Europe, we discuss both static and dynamic competition, with a special emphasis on the calibration of competitive effects. We also discuss the role of market shares and structural presumptions in differentiated product markets.

Upward Pricing Pressure in Horizontal Merger Analysis: Reply to Epstein and Rubinfeld

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Farrell ◽  
Carl Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Merger ◽  
Horizontal Mergers ◽  
Merger Analysis

We reply here to a comment by Epstein and Rubinfeld to our paper on the antitrust evaluation of horizontal mergers.

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