An Objective Evaluation of Youtube Videos on Oesophageal Cancer Using the PEMAT-AV Score

Abstract Background Studies in patient literature particularly regarding online video literature in all fields are few. Scoring systems for video materials such as the validated PEMAT(Patient Education Material Assessment Tool) have been used before to look at video patient literature. The aim of this study is to use the PEMAT tool to evaluate the quality of Youtube patient literature on oesophageal cancer and look at the inter rater reliability between lay and medical scorers. Methods A Youtube search was performed in April 2021 using the search terms “oesophageal cancer”, “esophageal cancer” “gullet cancer”. Characteristic data collected included language, ratings (thumbs up), type of video, country of origin and presence of advertising as well as intended audience. A PEMAT tool which is validated instrument to rate patient video material was used. A score of 70% is acceptable in the actionability and understandability domains. Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used to test inter-rater reliability between two lay person raters; and two medical raters. Results Seven sites were rated as understandable by the medical raters average and 13 were rated understandable by the lay raters average. Only two videos achieved best case scenario where both medical raters rated as understandable, rather than the average of both. Twelve videos were rated by both lay raters as understandable. Actionability rated poorer with only two videos rated as actionable on average by the medical raters and seven rated actionable by the lay raters on average. Conclusions Youtube videos on Oesophageal cancer score poorly in terms of actionability and understandability.

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OBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF PALLIATION IN PATIENTS WITH OESOPHAGEAL CANCER COMPARING SURGERY, RADIOTHERAPY AND INTUBATION

ANZ Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1111/j.1445-2197.1992.tb07648.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 62 (12) ◽

pp. 922-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

I. C. O'Rourke ◽

R. J. McNeil ◽

P. J. Walker ◽

C. A. Bull

Keyword(s):

Oesophageal Cancer ◽

Objective Evaluation

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Objective evaluation of demethylchlortetracycline hydrochloride in the treatment of acne

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.196.5.397 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 196 (5) ◽

pp. 397-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. A. Witkowski

Keyword(s):

Objective Evaluation

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Das rupturierte infrarenale Aortenaneurysma – eine kritische Analyse

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.28.1.30 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 30-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bürger ◽

Meyer ◽

Tautenhahn ◽

Halloul

Keyword(s):

Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Aortic Rupture ◽

Anesthetic Management ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Apache Ii ◽

Apache Ii Score ◽

Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Probability Of Death

Background: Objective evaluation of the management of patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm in emergency situations has been described rarely. Patients and methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm (mean age, 70.3 years; range, 56–89 years; SD 7.8) were admitted between January 1993 and March 1998. Emergency protocols, final reports, and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively. APACHE II scores at admission and fifth postoperative day were assessed. Results: The time between the appearance of first symptoms and the referral of patients to the hospital was more than 5 hours in 37 patients (71%). Thirty-eight patients (71%) had signs of shock at time of admission. Ultrasound was performed in 81% of patients as the first diagnostic procedure. The most frequent site of aortic rupture was the left retroperitoneum (87%). Intraoperatively, acute left ventricular failure occurred in four patients, and cardiac arrest in two others. The postoperative course was complicated significantly in 34 patients. The overall mortality rate was 36.5% (n = 19). In 35 patients, APACHE II score was assessed, showing a probability of death of more than 40% in five patients and lower than 30% in 17 others. No patient showing probability of death of above 75% at the fifth postoperative day survived (n = 7). Conclusions: Ruptured aortic aneurysm demands surgical intervention. Clinical outcome is also influenced by preclinical and anesthetic management. The severity of disease as well as the patient’s prognosis can be approximated using APACHE II score. Treatment results of heterogenous patient groups can be compared.

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18F-Deoxyglucose PET for the staging of oesophageal cancer

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1625303 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 42 (03) ◽

pp. 90-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

N. Döbert ◽

O. Rieker ◽

W. Kneist ◽

St. Mose ◽

A. Teising ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oesophageal Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Distal Part ◽

Standard Uptake Value ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽

Tumour Grading ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Drop Outs

SummaryAim: Evaluation of the influence of histopathologic sub-types and grading of primaries of oesophageal cancer, relative to their size and location, on the uptake of 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) as measured by positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: 50 consecutive patients were evaluated. There were four drop-outs due to previous surgical and/or chemotherapeutical treatments and thus in 46 patients (28 squamous cell carcinomas and 18 adenocarcinomas) a pretherapeutic PET evalution of the primary including a standard uptake value (SUV) was obtained. In 42 cases data on tumour grading were available also. Results: Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) were in 7/13/8 cases located in the proximal, medial and distal part of the oesophagus, respectively the grading was Gx in 3, G 2 in 12, G2-3 in 7, and G3 in 6 cases. The SUVmax showed a mean of 6.5 ± 2.8 (range 1.7-13.5). Adenocarcinomas (ACA) were located in the medial oesophagus in two cases and otherwise in its distal parts. Grading was Gx in one, G2 in 4, G2-3 in 3, G3 in 3, G3-4 in 3, and G4 in one case. The mean SUVmax was 5.2 ± 3.2 (range 1-13.6) and this was not significantly different from the SCC. Concerning the tumour grading there was a slight, statistically not relevant trend towards higher SUVmax in more dedifferentiated cancer. Discussion: SCC and ACA of the oesophagus show no relevant differences in the FDG-uptake. While there was a significant variability of tumour uptake in the overall study group, a correlation of SUV and tumour grading was not found.

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Proposal for Objective Evaluation of the Performance of Various Functional APC-resistance Tests in Genotyped Patients

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1665412 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 78 (05) ◽

pp. 1360-1365 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

G Freyburger ◽

S Javorschi ◽

S Labrouche ◽

P Bernard

Keyword(s):

Protein S ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Original Method ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Factor Xii ◽

Factor V ◽

Likelihood Ratios ◽

Modified Method ◽

Apc Resistance ◽

Two Parameters

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative performance of five screening methods for APC resistance caused by the factor V:Q506 mutation: the original method Coatest® APC™ Resistance Chromogenix, a modified method using the same reagents but a predilution 1+4 of the plasma in a factor V deficient plasma from Stago (Stago deficient V) or from Chromogenix (V-DEF Plasma), the Coatest® APC™ Resistance V (Chromogenix), and Accelerimat™ from bioMérieux. Normalization was done against a pool of normal plasmas for the methods from Chromogenix. The study included 350 subjects, 219 were genotyped (174 FV:R506R, 42 FV:Q506R, 3 FV:Q506Q) and most of them were assessed by more than one method. Uncertainty in predicting the FV genotype was evaluated by statistical analysis, which provided a way to quantitate the performance of the different diagnostic approaches. Performance of each test was evaluated by its sensitivity, specificity, R.O.C. curves, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR), and the overall performance was determined by two parameters derived from the LR curves : the maximum LR value obtained at the crossover of the two curves, and the distance between the two curves for LR = 10. Coatest® APC™ Resistance V and Accelerimat™ were proven to be the methods most able to discriminate for factor V:Q506, while normalization was not shown to improve the screening performance. The original method from Chromogenix was confirmed to undergo many influences (factor XII, PAI-1, thrombin- antithrombin complexes, antithrombin III, hematocrit). Although a very good improvement was provided by the newest methods, they were shown to be influenced by protein S and/or factor V levels in the sample plasma.

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