scholarly journals Table 7. Pre-emptive and reactive strategies to reduce crop loss across all three villages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 2. Change in the average number of animals per household between 2015 and 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

<p>This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS. </p>

scholarly journals Figure 1. Location of Njela, Gogogo and Ludaka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 1. Livestock and poultry ownership in each village

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

<p>This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS. </p>

scholarly journals Table 1. Livestock and poultry ownership in each village

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

<p>This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS. </p>

scholarly journals Table 2. Change in the average number of animals per household between 2015 and 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

<p>This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS. </p>

scholarly journals Figure 1. Location of Njela, Gogogo and Ludaka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 7. Pre-emptive and reactive strategies to reduce crop loss across all three villages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 5. Gross direct-use and traded values of livestock and poultry benefits to households in Ludaka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 6. Scope of the average economic loss per annum amongst owner households as a result of ecosystem disservices (EDS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS

scholarly journals Table 4. Gross direct-use and traded values of livestock and poultry benefits to households in Gogogo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C Herd-Hoare ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

<p>This study presents an integrated examination of both the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem disservices (EDS) associated with smallholder animal husbandry in rural livelihoods in three villages in southeast South Africa. It recognises the contribution of ES supporting and resulting from smallholder livestock and poultry production, but also details the limiting factors or EDS, such as tick-borne disease, birds of prey or unpalatable rangeland, produced by the same system. Using a mixed-methods approach, including focus group discussions with various Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) activities, key informant interviews, household surveys and land-use change mapping on GIS, we consider the relative value and benefits from ES after the effects of EDS, as well as the management and strategies that households adopt to minimise EDS. </p>

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