scholarly journals Propagasi in vitro tanaman kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pada bioreaktor dengan perendaman sesaat

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizka Tamania SAPTARI ◽  
Masna Maya SINTA ◽  
Imron RIYADI ◽  
. PRIYONO ◽  
. SUMARYONO
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Temporary Immersion Bioreactor ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Immersion Period

The cultivation of date palm in Indonesia has increased since the last decade. However, the superior date palm seedlings are still limited and most of them are imported from other countries. The mass supply of superior date palm seedlings can be provided by in vitro propagation in the bioreactor. Therefore, the research was conducted to develop a protocol of date palm in vitro propagation by using Temporary Immersion Bioreactor (TIB). The in vitro propagation was carried out through somatic embryogenesis technique using meristematic tissues isolated from offshoots of date palm female clone cv. Zambli as explants. The explants were sterilized and then cultured to produce embryogenic calli and somatic embryos. Afterwards, somatic embryos germination and plantlets formation were conducted in TIB with treatments of immersion period: 3, 10, and 30 minutes every 6 hours, with 8 replications, The results showed that the optimal somatic embryo germination in TIB was with the immersion period of 30 min every 6 h, resulting in the most formation of shoots and fresh biomass weight increment up to nearly threefold in 6 weeks. Thereafter, plantlets formation in TIB with immersion period of 10 min and 30 min every 6 h exhibited similar performances in producing more plantlets with higher total fresh weight and better vigor than those of 3 min every 6 h. However, there were more rooted plantlets in the TIB with immersion period of 10 min every 6 h. Based on the results, an in vitro propagation protocol via somatic embryogenesis in TIB has been successfully developed for mass propagation of date palm cv. Zambli, which produced plantlets with good vigor and rooting.

scholarly journals Embriogenesis somatik dari pucuk tunas tanaman kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Somatic embryogenesis from shoot tip of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.))

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizka Tamania SAPTARI ◽  
. SUMARYONO
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Modified Ms Medium

 Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the most important crop in the dry areas of the Middle East and North Africa. This palm has been introduced to many countries but has not been grown commercially in Indonesia. Date palm propaga-tion by seeds is easy but its progenies are varied and a half of them are male trees that will not produce fruits. Meanwhile, the propagation by offshoots is impractical and technically difficult. Tissue culture makes it possible to massproduce of genetically identicalsuperior date palms. This research aimed to develop somatic embryogenesis (SE) of date palm using shoot tipand young leaves of date palm seedling as explants. Steps on somatic embryogenesis are explant sterilization, callus initiation and proliferation, somatic embryos induction and maturation, and plantlets matura-tion and rooting. Calli emerged from shoot tip explants after  9 weeks of culture in a modified MS medium supplemented with 10 mg/L 2,4-D, 1 mg/L or  3 mg/L 2-iP, and 1.5 g/L active charcoal. The callus was able to bear somatic embryo in the modified MS medium without hormones. Somatic embryos then developed into plantlets, and roots of plantlets were effectively initiated in the medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L IBA.[Keywords:sterilization,  callogenesis, somatic embryo induction, plantlet rooting, clonal propagation]. Abstrak  Tanaman kurma (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) merupakan tanaman terpenting di wilayah kering Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara. Palma ini telah menyebar ke banyak negara, namun belum ditanam secara komersial di Indonesia. Perbanyakan kurma dengan biji sangat mudah tetapi turunannya sangat beragam dan setengahnya merupakan tanaman jantan yang tidak berbuah. Perbanyakan dengan anakan (offshoots) secara komersial tidak praktis dan relatif sulit. Kultur jaringan memungkinkan untuk dihasilkan secara massal bibit tanaman kurma varietas unggul yang secara genetik seragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan embriogenesis somatik menggunakan eksplan pucuk tunasdan daun muda dari bibit tanaman kurma. Pengembangan embriogenesis somatik terdiri dari tahap sterilisasi eksplan, inisiasi dan proliferasi kalus, induksi dan maturasi embrio somatik, serta pembesaran dan pembentukan akar planlet. Kalus terbentuk dari eksplan pucuk tunassetelah 9 minggu dikultur pada medium MS modifikasi yang ditambahkan 2,4-D 10 mg/L,  2-iP 1 mg/L atau 3 mg/L, dan arang aktif 1,5 g/L.Kalus berhasil diinduksi menghasilkanembrio somatik pada medium MS modifikasi tanpa penggunaan hormon. Embrio somatik kemudian berkembang hingga menjadi planlet, dan akar planlet secara efektif terinisiasipada medium yang ditambahkan NAA 0,5 mg/L dan IBA1 mg/L.  [Kata kunci :sterilisasi,  kalogenesis, induksi embrio somatik, pengakaran planlet, propagasi klonal].

INVESTIGATION OF SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FOR IN VITRO CULTURES OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.)

2010 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
O. Asemota ◽  
C.R. Eke ◽  
B.O. Emoghene ◽  
N.O. Aisueni ◽  
O.A. Adetunji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L

scholarly journals 2,4-D induction of somaclonal variations in in vitro grown date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv Barhee)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emna Baklouti ◽  
Thierry Beulé ◽  
Amèni Nasri ◽  
Amal Ben Romdhane ◽  
Riadh Drira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Free Media

Abstract The present study is a part of a program designed at improving the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Barhee, through induced somaclonal variation. In this work, caulogenic cultures were subcultured on MS media supplemented with 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg L− 1 2,4-D in order to induce genetic and epigenetic variations. The highest doses of 2,4-D were found to induce severe negative effects on in vitro cultures, although some tissues were able to survive and to produce calli with high morphogenetic capacities. Our analysis showed some significant effect of 2,4-D on several physiological parameters. Indeed, chlorophyll and growth rates were found to drastically decrease while proline content increased from 535 nmol g− 1 to 2973 nmol g− 1 FW when 40 mg L− 1 2,4-D were used. In vitro cultures showed several signs of oxidative stress, such as high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA); likewise, the specific activity of several antioxidant enzyme was found to increase. Plant regeneration from in vitro cultures treated with 2,4-D was obtained after subculturing explants onto PGR-free media. The ISSR analysis of 2,4-D-treated material showed that this plant growth regulator (PGR) induced measurable genetic variations. The global DNA methylation rates (GMR) as estimated through the HPLC analysis of nucleosides also confirmed the presence of epigenetic changes caused by 2,4-D as GMRs increased from 13.8–18.93%.

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