scholarly journals PELABELAN GRACEFUL GANJIL PADA GRAF DUPLIKASI DAN SPLIT BINTANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
J A Bantara ◽  
I W Sudarsana ◽  
S Musdalifah
Keyword(s):  
Star Graph ◽  
Graceful Labeling ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Side Edge ◽  
Point Vertex

Graph  is not an empty a finite of the objects that called point (vertex) with the couple was not that is the side (edge). The set point  denoted by , while the set edge denoted by . Odd graceful labeling on graph  with  side is a function injective from so that induced function  such that  in label with  so label sides would be different. A graph  that have an odd graceful labeling is called odd graceful graph. The result showed that duplicate star graph  for and split star graph  for , for  even satisfie odd graceful labeling.

scholarly journals Graceful Labeling and Skolem Graceful Labeling on the U-star Graph and It’s Application in Cryptography

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Meliana Pasaribu ◽  
Yundari Yundari ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Star Graph ◽  
Graceful Labeling ◽  
Injective Function ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
Labeling Pattern

Graceful Labeling on graph G=(V, E) is an injective function f from the set of the vertex V(G) to the set of numbers {0,1,2,...,|E(G)|} which induces bijective function f from the set of edges E(G) to the set of numbers {1,2,...,|E(G)|} such that for each edge uv e E(G) with u,v e V(G) in effect f(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)|. Meanwhile, the Skolem graceful labeling is a modification of the Graceful labeling. The graph has graceful labeling or Skolem graceful labeling is called graceful graph or Skolem graceful labeling graph. The graph used in this study is the U-star graph, which is denoted by U(Sn). The purpose of this research is to determine the pattern of the graceful labeling and Skolem graceful labeling on graph U(Sn) apply it to cryptography polyalphabetic cipher. The research begins by forming a graph U(Sn) and they are labeling it with graceful labeling and Skolem graceful labeling. Then, the labeling results are applied to the cryptographic polyalphabetic cipher. In this study, it is found that the U(Sn) graph is a graceful graph and a Skolem graceful graph, and the labeling pattern is obtained. Besides, the labeling results on a graph it U(Sn) can be used to form a table U(Sn) polyalphabetic cipher. The table is used as a key to encrypt messages.

scholarly journals Triangular fuzzy graceful labeling on star graph

2019 ◽  
Vol 1377 ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
N Sujatha ◽  
C Dharuman ◽  
K Thirusangu
Keyword(s):  
Star Graph ◽  
Graceful Labeling

scholarly journals Triangular fuzzy labeling on Bistagraph

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7573-7581
Keyword(s):  
Star Graph ◽  
Graceful Labeling

In this paper, we present an algorithm to find triangular fuzzy bi star graph Bn,n atmost 451 edges. We prove that it admits triangular fuzzy labeling. We show that it satisfies triangular fuzzy graceful labeling . .

scholarly journals Extending of Edge Even Graceful Labeling of Graphs to Strong r -Edge Even Graceful Labeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Zeen El Deen ◽  
Nora A. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Planar Graph ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Double Star ◽  
Star Graph ◽  
Graceful Labeling ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Crown Graph ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Positive Integers ◽  
Ladder Graphs

Edge even graceful labeling of a graph G with p vertices and q edges is a bijective f from the set of edge E G to the set of positive integers 2,4 , … , 2 q such that all the vertex labels f ∗ V G , given by f ∗ u = ∑ u v ∈ E G f u v mod 2 k , where k = max p , q , are pairwise distinct. There are many graphs that do not have edge even graceful labeling, so in this paper, we have extended the definition of edge even graceful labeling to r -edge even graceful labeling and strong r -edge even graceful labeling. We have obtained the necessary conditions for more path-related graphs and cycle-related graphs to be an r -edge even graceful graph. Furthermore, the minimum number r for which the graphs: tortoise graph, double star graph, ladder and diagonal ladder graphs, helm graph, crown graph, sunflower graph, and sunflower planar graph, have an r -edge even graceful labeling was found. Finally, we proved that the even cycle C 2 n has a strong 2 -edge even graceful labeling when n is even.

Fluctuation Measurement Across the Broad Range of the Low-field Side Edge Plasmas in the TST-2 Spherical Tokamak

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (7) ◽  
pp. 499-504
Author(s):  
Masateru Sonehara ◽  
Yoshihiko Nagashima ◽  
Yuichi Takase ◽  
Akira Ejiri ◽  
Takashi Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Tokamak ◽  
Side Edge ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Edge Plasmas ◽  
Fluctuation Measurement

Smart Plant Growth Control and Monitoring System for Indoor Hydroponic Farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fina Supegina
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Smart Control ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Hydroponic Growth

Hydroponics is one of planting method that use water as a medium of plants growth, in this technique, mineral solution added into the water solvent, allowing the nutrient uptake process by the plants.  Farming by hydroponic method must pay attention to the following parameters namely, temperature, humidity, the level of water needs and nutrients and also the level of sunlight need for photosynthesis process.  This research used hydroponic technique in hydroponic growth room, and  there is a LED growth light as an alternate of sunlight, due to this room is closed without sunlight.  There are outputs displayed in monitoring system namely, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, ultrasound sensor to detect height of the plant and water level sensor to measured height of the water as a medium of the plant.  Results of measured sensor in hydroponic growth room explained as the following:  fan cooler worked when temperature , and humidity  .  Water pump worked when water level is less than 50% accordance set point.  Control on LED Growth Light and LED Bulb when LDR sensor reached set point > 500 in bright condition, and < 500 in dark condition respectively. The average of Time update/received data in thing speak web is 2.4 second. Keywords: Smart Control, Hydroponic, IoT, Monitoring

Flap side-edge noise - Acoustic analysis of Sen's model

AIAA Journal ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 810-815
Author(s):  
Jay C. Hardin ◽  
James E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Side Edge
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