Trade Regulation. Labor. Refusal to Install Non-Local Goods Unless Remade Violates Sherman Act

1942 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067
Keyword(s):  
Trade Regulation ◽  
Sherman Act ◽  
Non Local

Trade Regulation. Sherman Act. Illegal Monopoly

1945 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 655
Keyword(s):  
Trade Regulation ◽  
Sherman Act

Trade Regulation. Sherman Act. Power to Exclude Competition

1946 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1034
Keyword(s):  
Trade Regulation ◽  
Sherman Act

Toward High-Resolution Low-Voltage SEM

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Shao
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Probe Radius ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes

Recently, low voltage (≤5kV) scanning electron microscopes have become popular because of their unprecedented advantages, such as minimized charging effects and smaller specimen damage, etc. Perhaps the most important advantage of LVSEM is that they may be able to provide ultrahigh resolution since the interaction volume decreases when electron energy is reduced. It is obvious that no matter how low the operating voltage is, the resolution is always poorer than the probe radius. To achieve 10Å resolution at 5kV (including non-local effects), we would require a probe radius of 5∽6 Å. At low voltages, we can no longer ignore the effects of chromatic aberration because of the increased ratio δV/V. The 3rd order spherical aberration is another major limiting factor. The optimized aperture should be calculated as

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