The Differential Fertility and Potential Rates of Growth of Various Income and Educational Classes of Urban Populations in the United States

1939 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard D. Karpinos ◽  
Clyde V. Kiser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
Rates Of Growth

American Agriculture, 1800–1862

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lyman Bushman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Farm Life ◽  
Market Production ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
American Agriculture ◽  
Improved Methods

After 1800, the primary market for agricultural products shifted from overseas ports to cities in the United States. Growing urban populations created an ever-increasing demand, not only for standard products like breadstuffs and meat, but for new ones like pears and brooms. To take advantage of this opportunity, farmers increased their efficiency by employing machinery and cropping their fields continuously rather than letting them go to long fallow. This created a need for fertilizers to restore the soil and permanent fences for fields that remained in use. Under the influence of city values, farmers spent the returns from their heightened sales on refinements such as carpets and curtains to counter the charge of being rural rubes. Despite the adoption of improved methods to increase market production, farmers still practiced self-provisioning as far as possible. They made and grew everything they could for themselves even while their needs for urban goods increased. Not until World War II did farmers give up the practice of living off their farms. Since then, the number of small farms has steadily diminished and the farm population has shrunk to less than 2% of the population. Still farmers value the integrity of the farm life and want their children to participate.

scholarly journals Breast US Computer-aided Diagnosis System: Robustness across Urban Populations in South Korea and the United States

Radiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 253 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Gruszauskas ◽  
Karen Drukker ◽  
Maryellen L. Giger ◽  
Ruey-Feng Chang ◽  
Charlene A. Sennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Diagnosis System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
System Robustness ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

The Settlement of the United States from 1790 to 1990: Divergent Rates of Growth and the End of the Frontier

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Otterstrom ◽  
Carville Earle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Final Closure ◽  
Settlement Growth

The timing of the American frontier's closing can be determined through an analysis of the patterns and rates of settlement growth in the United States—based on historical county boundaries, population data from U.S. censuses, and a minimum of two people per square mile to classify a region as settled. Trends in the settlement of the contiguous areas of the country indicate three periods of population settlement—1790 to 1840, 1840 to 1910, and 1910 to 1990. The first period of rapid frontier growth ended in 1840, and a second, more moderate, one ended in 1910, marking the final closure of the frontier.

Wealth and Growth of the Thirteen Colonies: Some Implications

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Hanson Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Supplementary Data ◽  
American Dilemma ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
National Wealth ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Wealth Inequalities ◽  
Statistical Sample ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Private wealth of the inhabitants of three regions and of the Thirteen American Colonies as a whole, in 1774, estimated from a statistical sample of probate inventories and supplementary data, is the focus. The author's prior interest in consumption and levels of living led to these innovative estimates which supplement national wealth estimates for the United States in later centuries. Levels of wealth compared on a per capita basis with other times and places, as well as wealth inequalities among regions and among individuals, and rates of growth in real wealth per capita are all considered. Some complexities of intertemporal and interspatial wealth comparisons are indicated, in particular the implications of the striking North-South differences in 1774 with their fateful implications for the American dilemma.

Differential fertility in the United States, 1980: continuity or change?

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Wineberg ◽  
James McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Fertility Expectations ◽  
Fertility Differentials

SummaryThis paper considers how changes in women's socio-cultural characteristics have influenced recent patterns of differential fertility in the United States and whether the convergence of fertility differentials observed up to 1970 has continued. Analysis of data from the June 1980 United States Current Population Survey, suggests that there has been no change in differential fertility in recent years. Age at first birth, length of first birth interval, income and education were all negatively associated with fertility, among both older and younger women. When fertility expectations were examined, however, the association of the independent variables with expected completed fertility was weaker among younger women, indicating that there has been some convergence in expected completed fertility. Further narrowing of differentials in actual fertility depends on how successful the younger women are in preventing future unplanned births.

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