The Red River Shiner, Notropis bairdi, in Kansas with Notes on Depletion of Its Arkansas River Cognate, Notropis girardi

1983 ◽  
Vol 86 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Cross ◽  
Owen T. Gorman ◽  
Stephen G. Haslouer
Author(s):  
Robert L. Brooks

Earspools are generally acknowledged as status markers for ranking elites in Caddoan populations occupying the Arkansas River basin as well as the Caddo homelands in the Red River basin. In the Arkansas River basin, Baerreis and more recently Brown have discussed the attributes of earspools found at Spiro. There is also documentation for earspools found at other Arkansas River basin sites such as Harlan and Huffaker. Earspools at sites reported for the Red River basin include Gahagan and George C. Davis among others. However, the appearance of earspools at sites outside of the core areas is not well documented. Two exceptions from central Oklahoma are Bell’s 1981 discussion of an earspool from the Allcorn site (34ML1) in McClain County and Schaeffer’s description of earspools from the Nagle site in Oklahoma County. This paper reports an earspool from near Ada in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, examines earlier data pertaining to the presence of Caddoan populations in this area of east-central Oklahoma, and discusses the implications for isolated reports of earspools outside the core culture areas.


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