Race, Police, and the Making of a Political Identity: Mexican Americans and the Los Angeles Police Department, 1900-1945

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Arnoldo de Leon ◽  
Edward J. Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Los Angeles Police Department

Race, Police, and the Making of a Political Identity: Mexican Americans and the Los Angeles Police Department, 1900-1945.

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Douglas Monroy ◽  
Edward J. Escobar ◽  
Ernesto B. Vigil
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Los Angeles Police Department

Bloody Christmas and the Irony of Police Professionalism: The Los Angeles Police Department, Mexican Americans, and Police Reform in the 1950s

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Police Department ◽  
City Government ◽  
Civilian Control ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Los Angeles Police Department ◽  
The Rule Of Law

On December 25, 1951, approximately fifty Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) officers brutally beat seven young men in their custody, including five Mexican Americans. The ensuing controversy became known as Bloody Christmas. Mexican American activists demanded investigations into allegations of police brutality and LAPD accountability to civilian control. The LAPD's new chief, William Parker, however, had just launched a reform campaign based on the police professionalism model, which stressed police autonomy, particularly about internal discipline. Parker and his allies in city government stifled external investigations into department matters, vilified LAPD critics, and even ignored perjury by officers. They thus helped create an organizational culture that valued LAPD independence above the rule of law and led to the LAPD's estrangement from Mexican American and other minority communities.

Daily Training Bulletin of the Los Angeles Police Department

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
R. L. Holcomb ◽  
Field Training Unit ◽  
W. H. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Los Angeles Police Department ◽  
Daily Training
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